NU 608 University Of South Alabama -NU 608 3 Study
Guide Questions | 2026/2027 | Answers Correct | With
Complete Solutions
Abdominal aortic aneurysm: in who? risk factors? symptoms?
diagnosis? tx? Correct Answers Most common type of
aneurysm, develops after age 50, associated with severe
atherosclerosis. Hypertensive, genetics, smokers. Most are
asymptomatic. Pulsating mass, palpable mass, back pain. See on
ultrasound, CT, MRI. Tx- surgical correction or lifestyle
changes.
Acute glomerulonephritis- what causes it and what is it? Correct
Answers Intrinsic renal failure. Injury of the glomerulus.
Caused by streptococcus, syphilis, virus, hep B, mono,
mumps/measles.
Acute renal failure: categories, GFR/BUN/Cr, and what?
Correct Answers Loss of water and electrolyte hemostasis
-decrease in GFR
-decreased urine output
-increase in BUN & Cr.
Pre-renal, intrinsic, post-renal.
ADH: what? produced where? secreted when? causes what?
Correct Answers Arginine vasopressin
-synthesized in the hypothalamus, then stored in the pituitary
gland
-secreted when there is an increased plasma osmolality and
decrease in BP
, -vasoconstriction and reabsorption of water to increase blood
volume
Aldosterone: where? causes what? Correct Answers From the
adrenal cortex
-increases the reabsorption of Na+
-encourages secretion of K+ into the tubules and reabsorption of
water. Part of RAAS system.
Atherosclerosis: Correct Answers Inflammation with oxidative
stress and activation of macrophages causing the formation of a
plaque. Damage to the epithelium -> inflammatory response ->
macrophage migration -> LDL oxidation -> fatty streak ->
fibrous plaque -> complicated plaque.
ATN: Correct Answers Most common cause of intrinsic
failure. ischemic or toxic injury to the tubules. Autoregulatory
process of afferent and efferent arterioles is lost. Occurs when
MAP is decreased, stimulating SNS and angiotensin II leading
to vasoconstriction.
Best measurement of GFR: Correct Answers Creatinine
Capillary/interstitial hydrostatic pressure: Correct Answers
Facilitates the inward movement of water from the interstitial
space into the capillary. Causes edema due to increased
volume/pressure in which the pressure forces excessive amounts
of fluid out of the capillaries and into the tissues.
Cardiac output: equation? average? inotropes? Correct Answers
CO = SV x HR
Guide Questions | 2026/2027 | Answers Correct | With
Complete Solutions
Abdominal aortic aneurysm: in who? risk factors? symptoms?
diagnosis? tx? Correct Answers Most common type of
aneurysm, develops after age 50, associated with severe
atherosclerosis. Hypertensive, genetics, smokers. Most are
asymptomatic. Pulsating mass, palpable mass, back pain. See on
ultrasound, CT, MRI. Tx- surgical correction or lifestyle
changes.
Acute glomerulonephritis- what causes it and what is it? Correct
Answers Intrinsic renal failure. Injury of the glomerulus.
Caused by streptococcus, syphilis, virus, hep B, mono,
mumps/measles.
Acute renal failure: categories, GFR/BUN/Cr, and what?
Correct Answers Loss of water and electrolyte hemostasis
-decrease in GFR
-decreased urine output
-increase in BUN & Cr.
Pre-renal, intrinsic, post-renal.
ADH: what? produced where? secreted when? causes what?
Correct Answers Arginine vasopressin
-synthesized in the hypothalamus, then stored in the pituitary
gland
-secreted when there is an increased plasma osmolality and
decrease in BP
, -vasoconstriction and reabsorption of water to increase blood
volume
Aldosterone: where? causes what? Correct Answers From the
adrenal cortex
-increases the reabsorption of Na+
-encourages secretion of K+ into the tubules and reabsorption of
water. Part of RAAS system.
Atherosclerosis: Correct Answers Inflammation with oxidative
stress and activation of macrophages causing the formation of a
plaque. Damage to the epithelium -> inflammatory response ->
macrophage migration -> LDL oxidation -> fatty streak ->
fibrous plaque -> complicated plaque.
ATN: Correct Answers Most common cause of intrinsic
failure. ischemic or toxic injury to the tubules. Autoregulatory
process of afferent and efferent arterioles is lost. Occurs when
MAP is decreased, stimulating SNS and angiotensin II leading
to vasoconstriction.
Best measurement of GFR: Correct Answers Creatinine
Capillary/interstitial hydrostatic pressure: Correct Answers
Facilitates the inward movement of water from the interstitial
space into the capillary. Causes edema due to increased
volume/pressure in which the pressure forces excessive amounts
of fluid out of the capillaries and into the tissues.
Cardiac output: equation? average? inotropes? Correct Answers
CO = SV x HR
