,/.
1. Nursing,/.Research:,/.The,/.systematic,/.inquiry,/.designed,/.to,/.develop,/.trustworthy,/.evidence,/.about,/.issu
es,/.of,/.importance,/.to,/.nurses,/.and,/.their,/.clients.
2. Clinical,/.nursing,/.research:,/.Research,/.designed,/.to,/.guide,/.nursing,/.practice
3. Evidence-
based,/.practice,/.(EBP):,/.The,/.use,/.of,/.the,/.best,/.evidence,/.in,/.making,/.patient,/.care,/.decisions.
4. Where,/.does,/.EBP,/.come,/.from?:,/.Research,/.conducted,/.by,/.nurses,/.and,/.other,/.health,/.care,/.professio
nals.
5. Best,/.Practice,/.Spotlight,/.Organizations,/.(BPSOs):,/.Program,/.developed,/.by,/.Registered,/.Nurs
es,/.Association,/.of,/.Ontario,/.(RNAO),/.to,/.recognize,/.health,/.care,/.organizations,/.that,/.make,/.a,/.commitment,/.to,/.EBP.
6. Consumers,/.of,/.nursing,/.research:,/.Nurses,/.who,/.read,/.research,/.reports,/.to,/.keep,/.up-to-
date,/.on,/.findings,/.that,/.attect,/.their,/.practice.
7. Produces,/.of,/.nursing,/.research:,/.Nurses,/.who,/.actively,/.design,/.and,/.undertake,/.studies.
8. Research-
related,/.activities,/.in,/.which,/.nurse,/.can,/.participate::,/.1.,/.Identify,/.an,/.idea,/.for,/.an,/.clinical,/.inquir
y
2. Assist,/.in,/.collecting,/.research,/.information
3. Otter,/.advice,/.to,/.clients,/.about,/.participating,/.in,/.a,/.study
4. Search,/.for,/.research,/.evidence
5. Discuss,/.the,/.implications,/.of,/.a,/.study,/.in,/.a,/.journal,/.club,/.in,/.your,/.practice,/.setting,,/.which,/.involves,/.meeting
s,/.to,/.discuss,/.research,/.articles.
9. Nursing, / . research, / . began, / . with::, / . Florence,/.Nighingale
10. Future,/.directions,/.for,/.nursing,/.research::,/.1.,/.Continued,/.focus,/.on,/.EBP
2. Stronger, / . evidence, / . through, / . confirmatory, / . strategies
3. Continued,/. emphasis,/. on,/. systematic,/. reviews,/. (cornerstone,/. of,/. EBP)
4. Expanded,/.local,/.research,/.in,/.health,/.care,/.settings
5. Expanded,/.dissemination,/.of,/.research,/.findings
6. Increased,/.focus,/.on,/.diversity,/.issues,/.and,/.health,/.disparities
7. Clinical,/.significance,/.and,/.patient-oriented,/.research
8. Interprofessional,/.collaboration,/.and,/.health,/.research
11. Paradigm:, / . A,/.worldview,,/.a,/.general,/.perspective,/.to,/.explain,/.the,/.world's,/.complexities
A,/.way,/.of,/.looking,/.at,/.natural,/.phenomena,/.that,/.encompasses,/.a,/.set,/.of,/.philosophical,/.assumptions,/.and,/.that,/.guide
s,/.one's,/.approach,/.to,/.inquiry
, ,/.
12. Positivist,/.Paradigm:,/.Assumption:,/.Reality,/.exists;,/.there,/.is,/.a,/.real,/.world,/.driven,/.by,/.real,,/.natural,/.caus
es
13. Positive, / . Paradigm:, / . Relationship, / . between, / . researcher, / . and, / . those, / . b
eing, / . re-searched.:,/.The,/.researcher,/.is,/.independent,/.from,/.those,/.being,/.researched.
, ,/.
14. Positive,/.Paradigm:,/.Role,/.of,/.values,/.in,/.the,/.inquiry:, / . Values,/.and,/.biases,/.are,/.to,/.be,/.held,/.in,/.ch
eck;,/.objectivity,/.is,/.sought
15. Positive,/.Paradigm:,/.Best,/.methods,/.for,/.obtaining,/.evidence:,/.*Deductive,/.processes,/.
-,/.hypotheses,/.testing
*Emphasis,/.on,/.discrete,,/.specific,/.concepts
*Focus,/.on,/.the,/.objective,/.and,/.quantifiable
*Corroboration,/.of,/.researchers',/.predictions
*Fixed,, / . pre-specified, / . design
*Controls,/. over,/.context
*Measured,,/. quantitative,/. information
*Statistical,/.analysis
*Seek,/.generalization
16. Constructivist,/.Paradigm:,/.Nature,/.of,/.reality:,/.Reality,/.is,/.multiple,/.and,/.subjective,,/.mental
ly,/.constructed,/.by,/.individuals
17. Constructivist, / . Paradigm:, / . Relationship, / . between, / . researcher, / . and, / . those, / . b
eing,/.researched:,/.The,/.researcher,/.interacts,/.with,/.those,/.being,/.researched;,/.findings,/.are,/.the,/.creation,/.of,/.the,/
.interactive,/.process
18. Constructivist,/.Paradigm:,/.Role,/.of,/.values,/.in,/.the,/.inquiry:,/.Subjectivity,/.and,/.values,/.ar
e,/.inevitable,/.and,/.desirable
19. Constructivist,/.Paradigm:,/.Best,/.methods,/.for,/.obtaining,/.evidence:,/.*Inductiv
e,/.process,/.-,/.hypothesis,/.generation
*Emphasis,/.on,/.the,/.whole
*Focus,/.on,/.the,/.subjective,/.and,/.non-quantifiable
*Emerging,/.insight,/.grounded,/.in,/.participants',/.experiences
*Flexible,,/.emergent,/.design
*Context-bound,,/.contextualized
*Narrative,/. information
*Qualitative,/.analysis
*Seeks,/.in-depth,/.understanding
20. Assumption:,/.A,/.principle,/.that,/.is,/.believed,/.to,/.be,/.true,/.without,/.solid,/.proof
21. Assumption,/.of,/.determinism,/.refers,/.to::,/.The,/.positivists',/.belief,/.that,/.phenomena,/.do,/.not,/.happ
en,/.by,/.chance,,/.but,/.they,/.are,/.controlled,/.and,/.produced,/.by,/.ante,/.cent,/.causes
, ,/.
22. Cause-probing,/.research:,/.Research,/.designed,/.to,/.illuminate,/.the,/.underlying,/.causes,/.of,/.phenomena
23. Clinical,/.significane:,/.The,/.practical,/.importance,/.of,/.research,/.results,/.in,/.terms,/.of,/.whether,/.they,/.have,/.genui
ne,,/.palpable,/.ettects,/.on,/.the,/.daily,/.lives,/.of,/.patients,/.or,/.on,/.the,/.health,/.care,/.decisions,/.make,/.on,/.their,/.behalf
24. Constructivist, / . paradigm:, / . An,/.alternative,/.paradigm,/.to,/.the,/.positivist,/.paradigm,/.that,/.hold,/.that,/.the
re,/.are,/.multiple,/.interpretations,/.of,/.reality,/.and,/.that,/.the,/.goal,/.of,/.research,/.is,/.to,/.understand,/.how,/.individuals
,/.construct,/.reality,/.withing,/.their,/.context;,/.associated,/.with,/.qualitative,/.research;,/.also,/.called,/.naturalistic,/.parad
igm
25. Empirical,/.evidence:,/.Evidence,/.rooted,/.in,/.the,/.objective,/.reality,/.and,/.gathered,/.using,/.one's,/.senses,/.
as,/.the,/.basis,/.for,/.generating,/.knowledge
26. Generalizability:,/.The,/.degree,/.to,/.which,/.research,/.methods,/.justify,/.the,/.inference,/.that,/.the,/.findings,/.are,/.true,
/.for,/.a,/.broader,/.group,/.than,/.study,/.participants;,/.in,/.particular,,/.the,/.inference,/.that,/.the,/.findings,/.can,/.be,/.generaliz
ed,/.from,/.the,/.sample,/.to,/.the,/.population
27. Journal, / . club:, / . A,/.group,/.that,/.meets,/.in,/.clinical,/.settings,/.to,/.discuss,/.and,/.critique,/.research,/.articles,/.ap
pearing,/.in,/.journals
28. Positivist,/.paradigm:,/.The,/.paradigm,/.underlying,/.the,/.traditional,/.scientific,/.approach,,/.which,/.assumes,/
.that,/.there,/.is,/.an,/.orderly,/.reality,/.that,/.can,/.be,/.objectively,/.studied;,/.often,/.associated,/.with,/.quantitative,/.resea
rch.
29. Qualitative,/.Research:,/.The,/.investigation,/.of,/.phenomena,,/.typically,/.in,/.an,/.in-
depth,/.and,/.holistic,/.fashion,,/.through,/.the,/.collection,/.of,/.rich,/.narrative,/.materials,/.using,/.a,/.flexible,/.research,/.d
esign.
30. Quantitative,/.Research:,/.the,/.investigation,/.of,/.phenomena,/.that,/.lend,/.themselves,/.to,/.precise,/.measure
ment,/.and,/.quantification,,/.often,/.involving,/.a,/.rigorous,/.and,/.controlled,/.design
31. Research:, / . Systematic,/.inquiry,/.that,/.uses,/.orderly,/.methods,/.to,/.answer,/.questions,/.or,/.solve,/.problems
32. Research,/.Methods:,/.The,/.techniques,/.used,/.to,/.structure,/.a,/.study,/.and,/.to,/.gather,/.and,/.analyze,/.informa
tion,/.in,/.a,/.systematic,/.fashion
33. Scientific,/.Method:,/.A,/.set,/.of,/.orderly,,/.systematic,,/.controlled,/.procedures,/.for,/.acquiring,/.dependable,,/.e
mpir-ical,/.-,/.and,/.typically,/.quantitative,/.-
,/.information;,/.the,/.methodologic,/.approach,/.associated,/.with,/.the,/.positivist,/.paradigm
34. systematic,/.review:,/.A,/.rigorous,/.synthesis,/.of,/.research,/.findings,/.on,/.a,/.particular,/.research,/.question,,/
.using,/.systematic,/.sampling,/.and,/.data,/.collection,/.procedures,/.and,/.a,/.formal,/.protocol
35. Writers,/.of,/.Constructivist,/.paradigm:,/.Max,/.Weber,
/.Immanuel,/.Kant
1. Nursing,/.Research:,/.The,/.systematic,/.inquiry,/.designed,/.to,/.develop,/.trustworthy,/.evidence,/.about,/.issu
es,/.of,/.importance,/.to,/.nurses,/.and,/.their,/.clients.
2. Clinical,/.nursing,/.research:,/.Research,/.designed,/.to,/.guide,/.nursing,/.practice
3. Evidence-
based,/.practice,/.(EBP):,/.The,/.use,/.of,/.the,/.best,/.evidence,/.in,/.making,/.patient,/.care,/.decisions.
4. Where,/.does,/.EBP,/.come,/.from?:,/.Research,/.conducted,/.by,/.nurses,/.and,/.other,/.health,/.care,/.professio
nals.
5. Best,/.Practice,/.Spotlight,/.Organizations,/.(BPSOs):,/.Program,/.developed,/.by,/.Registered,/.Nurs
es,/.Association,/.of,/.Ontario,/.(RNAO),/.to,/.recognize,/.health,/.care,/.organizations,/.that,/.make,/.a,/.commitment,/.to,/.EBP.
6. Consumers,/.of,/.nursing,/.research:,/.Nurses,/.who,/.read,/.research,/.reports,/.to,/.keep,/.up-to-
date,/.on,/.findings,/.that,/.attect,/.their,/.practice.
7. Produces,/.of,/.nursing,/.research:,/.Nurses,/.who,/.actively,/.design,/.and,/.undertake,/.studies.
8. Research-
related,/.activities,/.in,/.which,/.nurse,/.can,/.participate::,/.1.,/.Identify,/.an,/.idea,/.for,/.an,/.clinical,/.inquir
y
2. Assist,/.in,/.collecting,/.research,/.information
3. Otter,/.advice,/.to,/.clients,/.about,/.participating,/.in,/.a,/.study
4. Search,/.for,/.research,/.evidence
5. Discuss,/.the,/.implications,/.of,/.a,/.study,/.in,/.a,/.journal,/.club,/.in,/.your,/.practice,/.setting,,/.which,/.involves,/.meeting
s,/.to,/.discuss,/.research,/.articles.
9. Nursing, / . research, / . began, / . with::, / . Florence,/.Nighingale
10. Future,/.directions,/.for,/.nursing,/.research::,/.1.,/.Continued,/.focus,/.on,/.EBP
2. Stronger, / . evidence, / . through, / . confirmatory, / . strategies
3. Continued,/. emphasis,/. on,/. systematic,/. reviews,/. (cornerstone,/. of,/. EBP)
4. Expanded,/.local,/.research,/.in,/.health,/.care,/.settings
5. Expanded,/.dissemination,/.of,/.research,/.findings
6. Increased,/.focus,/.on,/.diversity,/.issues,/.and,/.health,/.disparities
7. Clinical,/.significance,/.and,/.patient-oriented,/.research
8. Interprofessional,/.collaboration,/.and,/.health,/.research
11. Paradigm:, / . A,/.worldview,,/.a,/.general,/.perspective,/.to,/.explain,/.the,/.world's,/.complexities
A,/.way,/.of,/.looking,/.at,/.natural,/.phenomena,/.that,/.encompasses,/.a,/.set,/.of,/.philosophical,/.assumptions,/.and,/.that,/.guide
s,/.one's,/.approach,/.to,/.inquiry
, ,/.
12. Positivist,/.Paradigm:,/.Assumption:,/.Reality,/.exists;,/.there,/.is,/.a,/.real,/.world,/.driven,/.by,/.real,,/.natural,/.caus
es
13. Positive, / . Paradigm:, / . Relationship, / . between, / . researcher, / . and, / . those, / . b
eing, / . re-searched.:,/.The,/.researcher,/.is,/.independent,/.from,/.those,/.being,/.researched.
, ,/.
14. Positive,/.Paradigm:,/.Role,/.of,/.values,/.in,/.the,/.inquiry:, / . Values,/.and,/.biases,/.are,/.to,/.be,/.held,/.in,/.ch
eck;,/.objectivity,/.is,/.sought
15. Positive,/.Paradigm:,/.Best,/.methods,/.for,/.obtaining,/.evidence:,/.*Deductive,/.processes,/.
-,/.hypotheses,/.testing
*Emphasis,/.on,/.discrete,,/.specific,/.concepts
*Focus,/.on,/.the,/.objective,/.and,/.quantifiable
*Corroboration,/.of,/.researchers',/.predictions
*Fixed,, / . pre-specified, / . design
*Controls,/. over,/.context
*Measured,,/. quantitative,/. information
*Statistical,/.analysis
*Seek,/.generalization
16. Constructivist,/.Paradigm:,/.Nature,/.of,/.reality:,/.Reality,/.is,/.multiple,/.and,/.subjective,,/.mental
ly,/.constructed,/.by,/.individuals
17. Constructivist, / . Paradigm:, / . Relationship, / . between, / . researcher, / . and, / . those, / . b
eing,/.researched:,/.The,/.researcher,/.interacts,/.with,/.those,/.being,/.researched;,/.findings,/.are,/.the,/.creation,/.of,/.the,/
.interactive,/.process
18. Constructivist,/.Paradigm:,/.Role,/.of,/.values,/.in,/.the,/.inquiry:,/.Subjectivity,/.and,/.values,/.ar
e,/.inevitable,/.and,/.desirable
19. Constructivist,/.Paradigm:,/.Best,/.methods,/.for,/.obtaining,/.evidence:,/.*Inductiv
e,/.process,/.-,/.hypothesis,/.generation
*Emphasis,/.on,/.the,/.whole
*Focus,/.on,/.the,/.subjective,/.and,/.non-quantifiable
*Emerging,/.insight,/.grounded,/.in,/.participants',/.experiences
*Flexible,,/.emergent,/.design
*Context-bound,,/.contextualized
*Narrative,/. information
*Qualitative,/.analysis
*Seeks,/.in-depth,/.understanding
20. Assumption:,/.A,/.principle,/.that,/.is,/.believed,/.to,/.be,/.true,/.without,/.solid,/.proof
21. Assumption,/.of,/.determinism,/.refers,/.to::,/.The,/.positivists',/.belief,/.that,/.phenomena,/.do,/.not,/.happ
en,/.by,/.chance,,/.but,/.they,/.are,/.controlled,/.and,/.produced,/.by,/.ante,/.cent,/.causes
, ,/.
22. Cause-probing,/.research:,/.Research,/.designed,/.to,/.illuminate,/.the,/.underlying,/.causes,/.of,/.phenomena
23. Clinical,/.significane:,/.The,/.practical,/.importance,/.of,/.research,/.results,/.in,/.terms,/.of,/.whether,/.they,/.have,/.genui
ne,,/.palpable,/.ettects,/.on,/.the,/.daily,/.lives,/.of,/.patients,/.or,/.on,/.the,/.health,/.care,/.decisions,/.make,/.on,/.their,/.behalf
24. Constructivist, / . paradigm:, / . An,/.alternative,/.paradigm,/.to,/.the,/.positivist,/.paradigm,/.that,/.hold,/.that,/.the
re,/.are,/.multiple,/.interpretations,/.of,/.reality,/.and,/.that,/.the,/.goal,/.of,/.research,/.is,/.to,/.understand,/.how,/.individuals
,/.construct,/.reality,/.withing,/.their,/.context;,/.associated,/.with,/.qualitative,/.research;,/.also,/.called,/.naturalistic,/.parad
igm
25. Empirical,/.evidence:,/.Evidence,/.rooted,/.in,/.the,/.objective,/.reality,/.and,/.gathered,/.using,/.one's,/.senses,/.
as,/.the,/.basis,/.for,/.generating,/.knowledge
26. Generalizability:,/.The,/.degree,/.to,/.which,/.research,/.methods,/.justify,/.the,/.inference,/.that,/.the,/.findings,/.are,/.true,
/.for,/.a,/.broader,/.group,/.than,/.study,/.participants;,/.in,/.particular,,/.the,/.inference,/.that,/.the,/.findings,/.can,/.be,/.generaliz
ed,/.from,/.the,/.sample,/.to,/.the,/.population
27. Journal, / . club:, / . A,/.group,/.that,/.meets,/.in,/.clinical,/.settings,/.to,/.discuss,/.and,/.critique,/.research,/.articles,/.ap
pearing,/.in,/.journals
28. Positivist,/.paradigm:,/.The,/.paradigm,/.underlying,/.the,/.traditional,/.scientific,/.approach,,/.which,/.assumes,/
.that,/.there,/.is,/.an,/.orderly,/.reality,/.that,/.can,/.be,/.objectively,/.studied;,/.often,/.associated,/.with,/.quantitative,/.resea
rch.
29. Qualitative,/.Research:,/.The,/.investigation,/.of,/.phenomena,,/.typically,/.in,/.an,/.in-
depth,/.and,/.holistic,/.fashion,,/.through,/.the,/.collection,/.of,/.rich,/.narrative,/.materials,/.using,/.a,/.flexible,/.research,/.d
esign.
30. Quantitative,/.Research:,/.the,/.investigation,/.of,/.phenomena,/.that,/.lend,/.themselves,/.to,/.precise,/.measure
ment,/.and,/.quantification,,/.often,/.involving,/.a,/.rigorous,/.and,/.controlled,/.design
31. Research:, / . Systematic,/.inquiry,/.that,/.uses,/.orderly,/.methods,/.to,/.answer,/.questions,/.or,/.solve,/.problems
32. Research,/.Methods:,/.The,/.techniques,/.used,/.to,/.structure,/.a,/.study,/.and,/.to,/.gather,/.and,/.analyze,/.informa
tion,/.in,/.a,/.systematic,/.fashion
33. Scientific,/.Method:,/.A,/.set,/.of,/.orderly,,/.systematic,,/.controlled,/.procedures,/.for,/.acquiring,/.dependable,,/.e
mpir-ical,/.-,/.and,/.typically,/.quantitative,/.-
,/.information;,/.the,/.methodologic,/.approach,/.associated,/.with,/.the,/.positivist,/.paradigm
34. systematic,/.review:,/.A,/.rigorous,/.synthesis,/.of,/.research,/.findings,/.on,/.a,/.particular,/.research,/.question,,/
.using,/.systematic,/.sampling,/.and,/.data,/.collection,/.procedures,/.and,/.a,/.formal,/.protocol
35. Writers,/.of,/.Constructivist,/.paradigm:,/.Max,/.Weber,
/.Immanuel,/.Kant
