Bios 252 Week 7 Comprehensive Exam
2026/2027 Chamberlain University Questions
And Correct Detailed Answers With
Rationales || 100% Guaranteed Pass!! Latest
Version
1. Which structure normally functions as the pacemaker of the heart?
A. Atrioventricular (AV) node
B. Sinoatrial (SA) node
C. Bundle of His
D. Purkinje fibers
Correct Answer: B. Sinoatrial (SA) node
Rationale: The SA node contains specialized autorhythmic cells that spontaneously generate
electrical impulses. These impulses initiate each normal heartbeat and establish the basic
cardiac rhythm.
2. Which blood component is primarily responsible for oxygen transport?
A. Platelets
B. Plasma
C. Erythrocytes
D. Leukocytes
Correct Answer: C. Erythrocytes
Rationale: Erythrocytes contain hemoglobin, a protein that binds oxygen in the lungs and
transports it to tissues. They also transport a portion of carbon dioxide back toward the lungs.
3. Which protein is responsible for most oxygen binding in red blood cells?
A. Albumin
B. Hemoglobin
C. Fibrinogen
D. Globulin
,Correct Answer: B. Hemoglobin
Rationale: Hemoglobin consists of globin chains and heme groups containing iron. Oxygen binds
reversibly to the iron in heme, allowing erythrocytes to transport oxygen.
4. Which blood component is most directly involved in primary hemostasis?
A. Platelets
B. Erythrocytes
C. Albumin
D. Lymphocytes
Correct Answer: A. Platelets
Rationale: Platelets adhere to damaged blood vessels, become activated, and aggregate to form
an initial platelet plug. They also release substances that promote additional clotting activity.
5. Which plasma protein contributes substantially to maintaining blood osmotic pressure?
A. Albumin
B. Hemoglobin
C. Actin
D. Myosin
Correct Answer: A. Albumin
Rationale: Albumin is the most abundant plasma protein and contributes significantly to colloid
osmotic pressure, helping maintain fluid within the bloodstream.
6. Which leukocyte is usually the most abundant in normal circulating blood?
A. Basophil
B. Eosinophil
C. Neutrophil
D. Monocyte
Correct Answer: C. Neutrophil
Rationale: Neutrophils are the most numerous circulating leukocytes and are important
components of the innate immune response, particularly against bacterial pathogens.
,7. Which leukocyte is particularly associated with allergic reactions and parasitic infections?
A. Eosinophil
B. Neutrophil
C. Monocyte
D. Erythrocyte
Correct Answer: A. Eosinophil
Rationale: Eosinophils participate in defense against parasites and contribute to allergic and
inflammatory responses.
8. Which leukocyte releases histamine and other mediators involved in inflammation?
A. Basophil
B. Erythrocyte
C. Neutrophil
D. Monocyte
Correct Answer: A. Basophil
Rationale: Basophils contain granules containing histamine and other inflammatory mediators.
Their activity contributes to allergic and inflammatory responses.
9. Which blood type is considered the universal red-cell donor under standard ABO/Rh
transfusion principles?
A. AB positive
B. A positive
C. O negative
D. B negative
Correct Answer: C. O negative
Rationale: O-negative red blood cells lack A, B, and Rh(D) antigens, making them the standard
universal red-cell donor type in emergency transfusion practice when type-specific blood is
unavailable.
, 10. Which blood type has both A and B antigens on its erythrocytes?
A. Type O
B. Type A
C. Type B
D. Type AB
Correct Answer: D. Type AB
Rationale: Type AB erythrocytes display both A and B antigens. Individuals with type AB blood
normally do not have anti-A or anti-B antibodies in their plasma.
Cardiovascular System
11. Which chamber pumps oxygenated blood into systemic circulation?
A. Right atrium
B. Right ventricle
C. Left atrium
D. Left ventricle
Correct Answer: D. Left ventricle
Rationale: The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood through the aortic valve into the aorta
and subsequently into systemic circulation.
12. Which chamber receives oxygen-poor blood returning from systemic tissues?
A. Left atrium
B. Left ventricle
C. Right atrium
D. Right ventricle
Correct Answer: C. Right atrium
Rationale: Systemic veins return oxygen-poor blood to the right atrium through the superior
and inferior venae cavae.
13. Which valve lies between the left atrium and left ventricle?
2026/2027 Chamberlain University Questions
And Correct Detailed Answers With
Rationales || 100% Guaranteed Pass!! Latest
Version
1. Which structure normally functions as the pacemaker of the heart?
A. Atrioventricular (AV) node
B. Sinoatrial (SA) node
C. Bundle of His
D. Purkinje fibers
Correct Answer: B. Sinoatrial (SA) node
Rationale: The SA node contains specialized autorhythmic cells that spontaneously generate
electrical impulses. These impulses initiate each normal heartbeat and establish the basic
cardiac rhythm.
2. Which blood component is primarily responsible for oxygen transport?
A. Platelets
B. Plasma
C. Erythrocytes
D. Leukocytes
Correct Answer: C. Erythrocytes
Rationale: Erythrocytes contain hemoglobin, a protein that binds oxygen in the lungs and
transports it to tissues. They also transport a portion of carbon dioxide back toward the lungs.
3. Which protein is responsible for most oxygen binding in red blood cells?
A. Albumin
B. Hemoglobin
C. Fibrinogen
D. Globulin
,Correct Answer: B. Hemoglobin
Rationale: Hemoglobin consists of globin chains and heme groups containing iron. Oxygen binds
reversibly to the iron in heme, allowing erythrocytes to transport oxygen.
4. Which blood component is most directly involved in primary hemostasis?
A. Platelets
B. Erythrocytes
C. Albumin
D. Lymphocytes
Correct Answer: A. Platelets
Rationale: Platelets adhere to damaged blood vessels, become activated, and aggregate to form
an initial platelet plug. They also release substances that promote additional clotting activity.
5. Which plasma protein contributes substantially to maintaining blood osmotic pressure?
A. Albumin
B. Hemoglobin
C. Actin
D. Myosin
Correct Answer: A. Albumin
Rationale: Albumin is the most abundant plasma protein and contributes significantly to colloid
osmotic pressure, helping maintain fluid within the bloodstream.
6. Which leukocyte is usually the most abundant in normal circulating blood?
A. Basophil
B. Eosinophil
C. Neutrophil
D. Monocyte
Correct Answer: C. Neutrophil
Rationale: Neutrophils are the most numerous circulating leukocytes and are important
components of the innate immune response, particularly against bacterial pathogens.
,7. Which leukocyte is particularly associated with allergic reactions and parasitic infections?
A. Eosinophil
B. Neutrophil
C. Monocyte
D. Erythrocyte
Correct Answer: A. Eosinophil
Rationale: Eosinophils participate in defense against parasites and contribute to allergic and
inflammatory responses.
8. Which leukocyte releases histamine and other mediators involved in inflammation?
A. Basophil
B. Erythrocyte
C. Neutrophil
D. Monocyte
Correct Answer: A. Basophil
Rationale: Basophils contain granules containing histamine and other inflammatory mediators.
Their activity contributes to allergic and inflammatory responses.
9. Which blood type is considered the universal red-cell donor under standard ABO/Rh
transfusion principles?
A. AB positive
B. A positive
C. O negative
D. B negative
Correct Answer: C. O negative
Rationale: O-negative red blood cells lack A, B, and Rh(D) antigens, making them the standard
universal red-cell donor type in emergency transfusion practice when type-specific blood is
unavailable.
, 10. Which blood type has both A and B antigens on its erythrocytes?
A. Type O
B. Type A
C. Type B
D. Type AB
Correct Answer: D. Type AB
Rationale: Type AB erythrocytes display both A and B antigens. Individuals with type AB blood
normally do not have anti-A or anti-B antibodies in their plasma.
Cardiovascular System
11. Which chamber pumps oxygenated blood into systemic circulation?
A. Right atrium
B. Right ventricle
C. Left atrium
D. Left ventricle
Correct Answer: D. Left ventricle
Rationale: The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood through the aortic valve into the aorta
and subsequently into systemic circulation.
12. Which chamber receives oxygen-poor blood returning from systemic tissues?
A. Left atrium
B. Left ventricle
C. Right atrium
D. Right ventricle
Correct Answer: C. Right atrium
Rationale: Systemic veins return oxygen-poor blood to the right atrium through the superior
and inferior venae cavae.
13. Which valve lies between the left atrium and left ventricle?
