UMN BIOL 1009 EXAM 2 PRACTICE TEST 2026/2027 | UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA | COMPLETE
BIOLOGY EXAM PREP | HIGH-YIELD QUESTIONS | VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS| COMPREHENSIVE
EXAM REVIEW | LATEST UPDATED VERSION
1. Describe the role of enhancers in the process of transcription in eukaryotic
cells.
Enhancers are segments that inhibit the binding of RNA polymerase to
the promoter.
Enhancers are DNA segments that increase the likelihood of
transcription by providing binding sites for transcription factors.
Enhancers are responsible for the degradation of mRNA after
transcription.
Enhancers are involved in the replication of DNA.
2. If a mutation affects the proteins responsible for sister chromatid separation
during anaphase, what would be the likely outcome for the daughter cells?
The daughter cells will have increased genetic diversity.
The daughter cells may end up with an abnormal number of
chromosomes.
The daughter cells will undergo apoptosis.
The daughter cells will have identical genetic material.
3. Which type of RNA is responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome
during protein synthesis?
transfer RNA (tRNA)
nuclear RNA (nRNA)
ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
messenger RNA (mRNA)
,4. Describe the significance of the separation of homologous chromosomes
during anaphase of meiosis I.
It allows for the replication of DNA before cell division.
It is the phase where sister chromatids are separated in mitosis.
The separation of homologous chromosomes during anaphase of
meiosis I is crucial for ensuring genetic diversity and proper
distribution of genetic material to gametes.
It is the stage where the cell prepares for cytokinesis.
5. A protein that binds an enhancer region and stimulates transcription of a
gene is a ___ _.
repressor
control element
miRNA
promoter
activator
6. An individual who has two identical alleles for a gene is said to be ____________
Homozygous
Heterozygous
7. If a mutation occurs that inhibits the function of helicase, what would be the
most immediate effect on DNA replication?
The new DNA strands would be synthesized incorrectly.
The DNA would be transcribed into RNA instead.
The replication process would speed up significantly.
, The DNA strands would not separate properly, preventing
replication.
8. Which of the following types of organisms have a life cycle that involves
alternation of generations?
bacteria
fungi
plants
mammals
9. What is the function of DNA Helicase?
To synthesise Okazaki fragments.
To synthesise RNA primers.
To proofread newly synthesised DNA and check for replication errors.
To unwind and separate the two strands of the DNA helix.
To join newly synthesised Okazaki fragments.
10. Which process during meiosis is primarily responsible for Mendel's law of
independent assortment?
The random alignment of homologs during metaphase I of meiosis
Crossing over
Segregation of sister chromatids during anaphase II
All of the above
11. What term describes a segment of DNA that includes several genes
regulated by a single promoter?
, inducible gene
operator
constitutive genes
operon
12. What is a duplicated chromosome composed of?
two chromosomes held together at the centromere
four sister chromatids held together at the centromere
four chromosomes held together at the centromere
two sister chromatids held together at the centromere
13. In which phase do homologous chromosomes separate and move to
opposite poles?
prophase of meiosis I
anaphase of meiosis I
anaphase of mitosis
anaphase of meiosis II
14. At each replication origin, DNA replication proceeds in
Only in one direction from the origin
Both directions in prokaryotes but one direction in eukaryotes
Both directions from the origin
Both directions in eukaryotes but one direction in prokaryotes
15. What do short RNA primers provide for DNA replication?
BIOLOGY EXAM PREP | HIGH-YIELD QUESTIONS | VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS| COMPREHENSIVE
EXAM REVIEW | LATEST UPDATED VERSION
1. Describe the role of enhancers in the process of transcription in eukaryotic
cells.
Enhancers are segments that inhibit the binding of RNA polymerase to
the promoter.
Enhancers are DNA segments that increase the likelihood of
transcription by providing binding sites for transcription factors.
Enhancers are responsible for the degradation of mRNA after
transcription.
Enhancers are involved in the replication of DNA.
2. If a mutation affects the proteins responsible for sister chromatid separation
during anaphase, what would be the likely outcome for the daughter cells?
The daughter cells will have increased genetic diversity.
The daughter cells may end up with an abnormal number of
chromosomes.
The daughter cells will undergo apoptosis.
The daughter cells will have identical genetic material.
3. Which type of RNA is responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome
during protein synthesis?
transfer RNA (tRNA)
nuclear RNA (nRNA)
ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
messenger RNA (mRNA)
,4. Describe the significance of the separation of homologous chromosomes
during anaphase of meiosis I.
It allows for the replication of DNA before cell division.
It is the phase where sister chromatids are separated in mitosis.
The separation of homologous chromosomes during anaphase of
meiosis I is crucial for ensuring genetic diversity and proper
distribution of genetic material to gametes.
It is the stage where the cell prepares for cytokinesis.
5. A protein that binds an enhancer region and stimulates transcription of a
gene is a ___ _.
repressor
control element
miRNA
promoter
activator
6. An individual who has two identical alleles for a gene is said to be ____________
Homozygous
Heterozygous
7. If a mutation occurs that inhibits the function of helicase, what would be the
most immediate effect on DNA replication?
The new DNA strands would be synthesized incorrectly.
The DNA would be transcribed into RNA instead.
The replication process would speed up significantly.
, The DNA strands would not separate properly, preventing
replication.
8. Which of the following types of organisms have a life cycle that involves
alternation of generations?
bacteria
fungi
plants
mammals
9. What is the function of DNA Helicase?
To synthesise Okazaki fragments.
To synthesise RNA primers.
To proofread newly synthesised DNA and check for replication errors.
To unwind and separate the two strands of the DNA helix.
To join newly synthesised Okazaki fragments.
10. Which process during meiosis is primarily responsible for Mendel's law of
independent assortment?
The random alignment of homologs during metaphase I of meiosis
Crossing over
Segregation of sister chromatids during anaphase II
All of the above
11. What term describes a segment of DNA that includes several genes
regulated by a single promoter?
, inducible gene
operator
constitutive genes
operon
12. What is a duplicated chromosome composed of?
two chromosomes held together at the centromere
four sister chromatids held together at the centromere
four chromosomes held together at the centromere
two sister chromatids held together at the centromere
13. In which phase do homologous chromosomes separate and move to
opposite poles?
prophase of meiosis I
anaphase of meiosis I
anaphase of mitosis
anaphase of meiosis II
14. At each replication origin, DNA replication proceeds in
Only in one direction from the origin
Both directions in prokaryotes but one direction in eukaryotes
Both directions from the origin
Both directions in eukaryotes but one direction in prokaryotes
15. What do short RNA primers provide for DNA replication?
