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Section 1: Vital Signs and Patient Assessment (Questions 1–50)
1. Which of the following correctly lists the five vital sign categories?
A. Respirations, pulse rate, blood pressure, temperature, and oxygen saturation
(SpO2)
B. Respirations, pulse rate, blood pressure, temperature, and pain level
C. Pulse rate, blood pressure, temperature, oxygen saturation, and pupil response
D. Respirations, pulse rate, blood pressure, temperature, and skin color
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The five vital signs are respirations, pulse rate, blood pressure,
temperature, and oxygen saturation (SpO2). Pain is sometimes considered a "sixth
vital sign" but is not one of the core five.
2. In medical emergencies, how often should vital signs be taken?
A. Every 15 minutes
B. Every 5 minutes
C. Every 10 minutes
D. Once, then again after treatment
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In medical emergencies, vital signs should be taken every 5 minutes to
monitor for changes in the patient's condition.
3. How do you take respirations?
A. Count the number of times the chest rises and returns to its normal position for
30 seconds and then multiply the count by 2
B. Count the number of times the chest rises for 15 seconds and multiply by 4
C. Count the number of times the chest rises for 60 seconds
D. Count the number of times the chest rises for 10 seconds and multiply by 6
,Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Respirations are taken by counting the number of times the chest rises
and returns to its normal position for 30 seconds and then multiplying the count by
2.
4. What is the normal range for respirations in adults?
A. 8–16 breaths per minute
B. 12–20 breaths per minute
C. 16–24 breaths per minute
D. 10–18 breaths per minute
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The normal range for respirations in adults is 12–20 breaths per minute.
5. What is the normal range for respirations in children (6–10 years)?
A. 15–30 breaths per minute
B. 12–20 breaths per minute
C. 20–30 breaths per minute
D. 25–40 breaths per minute
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The normal range for respirations in children aged 6–10 years is 15–30
breaths per minute.
6. What is the normal range for respirations in infants (6–12 months)?
A. 15–30 breaths per minute
B. 20–30 breaths per minute
C. 25–40 breaths per minute
D. 12–20 breaths per minute
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The normal range for respirations in infants aged 6–12 months is 20–30
breaths per minute.
7. What is the normal range for respirations in infants (0–5 months)?
A. 20–30 breaths per minute
B. 25–40 breaths per minute
C. 30–50 breaths per minute
D. 15–30 breaths per minute
,Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The normal range for respirations in infants aged 0–5 months is 25–40
breaths per minute.
8. Which of the following is NOT a type of respiration?
A. Dyspnea
B. Tachypnea
C. Bradycardia
D. Apnea
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bradycardia refers to a slow pulse rate, not a type of respiration. Types
of respirations include normal, dyspnea (difficult or labored), tachypnea (rapid),
noisy, and apnea (absent).
9. What is dyspnea?
A. Rapid breathing
B. Difficult or labored breathing
C. Absence of breathing
D. Noisy breathing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dyspnea is defined as difficult or labored breathing.
10. What is tachypnea?
A. Difficult breathing
B. Rapid breathing
C. Absence of breathing
D. Slow breathing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tachypnea is defined as rapid breathing.
11. What is apnea?
A. Rapid breathing
B. Difficult breathing
C. Absence of breathing
D. Noisy breathing
, Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Apnea is defined as the absence of breathing.
12. What are the three keys to determine a normal or abnormal pulse rate?
A. Rate, rhythm, and quality
B. Rate, volume, and depth
C. Rhythm, depth, and tension
D. Rate, depth, and equality
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The three keys to determine a normal or abnormal pulse rate are rate,
rhythm, and quality.
13. What pulse do you palpate for both responsive and unresponsive patients less
than 1 year of age?
A. Radial pulse
B. Brachial pulse
C. Carotid pulse
D. Femoral pulse
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The brachial pulse is palpated for both responsive and unresponsive
patients less than 1 year of age.
14. What pulse do you palpate if the patient is responsive and older than 1 year of
age?
A. Brachial pulse
B. Carotid pulse
C. Radial pulse at the wrist
D. Femoral pulse
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The radial pulse at the wrist is palpated for responsive patients older
than 1 year of age.
15. What pulse do you palpate if the patient is unresponsive and older than 1 year
of age?
A. Radial pulse
B. Brachial pulse
C. Carotid pulse on the neck