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Percentages, Equations, High-Yield Practice Test &
Comprehensive Nursing School Admission Exam Review
Question 1: Which of the following best describes the primary
function of the mitochondria in a eukaryotic cell?
A. Synthesizing proteins from amino acids
B. Producing ATP through cellular respiration
C. Packaging and modifying proteins for secretion
D. Digesting worn-out organelles and macromolecules
CORRECT ANSWER: B. Producing ATP through cellular respiration
Rationale: The mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell
because they generate most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate
(ATP), which is used as a source of chemical energy. ATP is produced
through the process of cellular respiration, which converts glucose and
oxygen into carbon dioxide, water, and energy. While protein synthesis
occurs on ribosomes and packaging happens in the Golgi apparatus, the
mitochondria's primary metabolic role is energy production.
Question 2: A nurse is preparing to administer a medication that
requires the patient to be in a supine position. Which of the
following describes the supine position?
A. Lying on the stomach
B. Lying on the back
C. Sitting upright at a 90-degree angle
D. Lying on the side
CORRECT ANSWER: B. Lying on the back
,Rationale: The supine position refers to lying horizontally with the face and
torso facing up, which is synonymous with lying on the back. This position
is commonly used for general physical examinations, surgical procedures,
and certain medical interventions. The prone position refers to lying on the
stomach, whereas Fowler's position describes sitting upright. The lateral
position refers to lying on the side.
Question 3: Which of the following is the correct order of
operations for simplifying a mathematical expression?
A. Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division
B. Parentheses, Exponents, Multiplication and Division, Addition and
Subtraction
C. Exponents, Parentheses, Addition, Multiplication
D. Multiplication, Division, Addition, Subtraction, Parentheses
CORRECT ANSWER: B. Parentheses, Exponents, Multiplication and
Division, Addition and Subtraction
Rationale: The standard order of operations, often remembered by the
acronym PEMDAS, dictates that calculations must be performed in the
following sequence: first, simplify operations inside Parentheses (or
brackets); second, evaluate Exponents (powers and square roots); third,
perform Multiplication and Division from left to right; and finally, perform
Addition and Subtraction from left to right. This hierarchical order ensures
that all individuals solving the same mathematical problem arrive at the
same correct answer.
Question 4: Which of the following sentences correctly uses a
semicolon?
A. I wanted to go to the store; but it was closed.
B. She studied hard for the exam; she passed with flying colors.
C. The recipe requires flour, sugar; and butter.
D. He is a talented musician; and a dedicated teacher.
CORRECT ANSWER: B. She studied hard for the exam; she passed
with flying colors.
Rationale: A semicolon is used to connect two independent clauses that are
closely related in thought and are not joined by a coordinating conjunction.
In this sentence, "She studied hard for the exam" and "she passed with
flying colors" are both independent clauses. A semicolon is appropriate
,here to link the cause and effect without a conjunction. In option A, a
semicolon is incorrectly placed before the coordinating conjunction "but."
In option C, a semicolon should not separate items in a simple list where a
comma is used. Option D incorrectly uses a semicolon before the
conjunction "and."
Question 5: Which of the following biological molecules is
primarily responsible for storing genetic information?
A. Proteins
B. Carbohydrates
C. Lipids
D. Nucleic acids
CORRECT ANSWER: D. Nucleic acids
Rationale: Nucleic acids, specifically deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and
ribonucleic acid (RNA), are the macromolecules responsible for storing and
transmitting genetic information. DNA contains the instructions needed for
an organism to develop, survive, and reproduce. While proteins perform
most cellular functions and carbohydrates and lipids serve as energy
sources and structural components, they do not encode genetic
information.
Question 6: Solve for x in the following equation: 3x - 7 = 14.
A. x = 3
B. x = 7
C. x = 9
D. x = 21
CORRECT ANSWER: B. x = 7
Rationale: To solve the equation 3x - 7 = 14, the first step is to isolate the
term containing the variable by adding 7 to both sides of the equation,
which results in 3x = 21. The second step is to divide both sides by 3 to
solve for x, which gives x = 7. Substituting 7 back into the original equation
yields 3(7) - 7 = 21 - 7 = 14, confirming the solution is correct.
Question 7: Which of the following is an example of a chemical
change?
A. Melting ice into water
B. Tearing a piece of paper
, C. Rusting of iron
D. Dissolving sugar in water
CORRECT ANSWER: C. Rusting of iron
Rationale: A chemical change results in the formation of one or more new
substances with different chemical properties. The rusting of iron is a
chemical change because iron reacts with oxygen in the presence of water
to form a new substance, iron oxide (rust), which has different properties
than the original iron. Melting, tearing, and dissolving are examples of
physical changes, as they alter the state or form of a substance but do not
change its chemical identity.
Question 8: What is the primary purpose of the author in a peer-
reviewed research article?
A. To entertain the reader with a compelling narrative
B. To persuade the reader to adopt a particular political viewpoint
C. To inform the reader about the results of a systematic investigation
D. To advertise a new product or service
CORRECT ANSWER: C. To inform the reader about the results of a
systematic investigation
Rationale: The primary purpose of a peer-reviewed research article is to
communicate the findings of a study or experiment to the academic
community. The author aims to inform readers about the methodology,
results, and conclusions of a systematic investigation, contributing to the
body of knowledge in a specific field. While other types of writing may aim
to entertain, persuade, or advertise, scholarly research articles are
characterized by their objective and informative nature.
Question 9: Which of the following is the correct definition of
homeostasis?
A. The process of cell division that produces gametes
B. The maintenance of a stable internal environment despite external
changes
C. The breakdown of glucose to release energy
D. The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane
CORRECT ANSWER: B. The maintenance of a stable internal
environment despite external changes