Balanced Body Reformer Test Out Practice Exam - Verified Questions with Correct Answers - Pilates Anatomy,
Reformer 3 Programming, Sling Systems & Postural Alignment - Version 3
Balanced Body | Reformer Test Out | Pilates Anatomy | Reformer 3 Programming | Sling Systems & Postural Alignment |
Version 3 | High Yield
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. I. Pilates Anatomy - Powerhouse Components Transversus Abdominis Multifidus Pelvic Floor Diaphragm Obliques, TA Anticipatory
Contraction, Lateral Thoracic Breathing Inhale Ribs Lateral Posterior Exhale TA
2. II. Postural Alignment - Neutral Pelvis ASIS Pubic Symphysis Same Plane, Plumb Line Ear Over Acromion Greater Trochanter Anterior
Knee Lateral Malleolus, Ideal Alignment
3. III. Postural Syndromes - Upper Crossed Syndrome Tight Pecs Upper Traps Levator Weak Deep Neck Flexors Rhomboids Lower Traps
Forward Head Kyphosis, Lower Crossed Syndrome Tight Hip Flexors Erector Spinae Weak Glutes TA Anterior Pelvic Tilt Lordosis
4. IV. Sling Systems - Anterior Oblique Sling External Oblique Contralateral Adductors Internal Oblique Rotational Stability, Posterior Oblique
Sling Latissimus Contralateral Glute Max TL Fascia SI Joint Stability Pulling Straps
5. V. Sling Systems - Deep Longitudinal System Multifidus Erector Spinae TL Fascia Sacrotuberous Biceps Femoris Extension Stability,
Lateral Sling Glute Med Min Contralateral Adductors QL Frontal Plane Side Splits
6. VI. Reformer 3 Programming - Beginner Intermediate Advanced Progressions, Spring Selection Light Medium Heavy, Footwork Foot Bar
High Low, Safety Osteoporosis Avoid Flexion, Diastasis Avoid Loaded Flexion Coning
7. VII. Reformer 3 Exercises - Footwork, Long Stretch Series Scapular Stability Serratus Anterior Lower Traps, Short Spine Articulation
Hamstring Flexibility, Knee Stretches Round Shape TA Glutes Hamstrings, Elephant Hip Hinge
8. VIII. Reformer 3 Exercises - Short Box Series Intermediate Advanced Spinal Articulation Core Control Contraindicated Osteoporosis Disc
Herniation, Seated Arm Work Scapular Retraction Depression
9. IX. Corrective Cues and Modifications - Anterior Pelvic Tilt Tight Hip Flexors Weak Glutes TA Cue Posterior Pelvic Tilt, Lumbar Extension
Compensation Cue Hip Hinge Neutral Spine, Reduce Springs Knees Down
10. X. Safety and Test Out Criteria - When to Stop Pain Dizziness Loss Neutral Compensation, Evaluator Looks Anatomy Cueing Alignment
Spring Selection Safety Programming Modifications Sling Integration Communication Flow
11. XI. Practice Questions - High Yield - Each Question Asked Like Real Balanced Body Reformer Test Out
12. XII. Answer Key with Detailed Rationales and Pilates Principles
,BALANCED BODY REFORMER TEST OUT - HIGH YIELD PRACTICE QUESTIONS - EACH QUESTION ASKED LIKE REAL
EXAM
Based on Balanced Body Reformer 3 Programming, Pilates Anatomy, Sling Systems, Postural Alignment Principles. High Yield.
1. Posterior oblique sling - what muscles and role in Reformer pulling straps?
A. Only quads
B. Only biceps
C. No sling
D. Latissimus dorsi + contralateral glute max + thoracolumbar fascia - force closure sacroiliac joint, pulling straps stability
Answer: D
Rationale: Posterior oblique sling latissimus + contralateral glute max + TL fascia - SI joint stability, pulling straps.
2. During Reformer 3 Programming, a client cannot maintain scapular stability during Long Stretch Series. Which muscles are weak and what
is the modification?
A. Tight glutes
B. No weakness
C. Weak serratus anterior and lower trapezius, tight pec major/minor - cue scapular protraction, modify to knees down or reduce springs, check
alignment
D. Weak biceps
Answer: C
Rationale: Long Stretch requires serratus anterior, lower trapezius stability. Weakness causes winging. Tight pecs. Cue protraction, modify knees down,
reduce spring load.
3. Pilates Anatomy: What is powerhouse and its components?
A. Only rectus abdominis
B. Only glutes
C. Transversus abdominis, multifidus, pelvic floor, diaphragm, internal/external obliques - box from ribs to pelvis - core control center
D. Only arms
Answer: C
Rationale: Powerhouse TA multifidus pelvic floor diaphragm obliques - ribs to pelvis box.
4. Reformer 3: When is Short Box Series appropriate and what is contraindication?
A. For all beginners
B. Only for osteoporosis
C. Intermediate-advanced with good spinal articulation and core control - contraindicated with osteoporosis spinal flexion, disc herniation acute, avoid
loaded flexion
D. Never appropriate
Answer: C
Rationale: Short Box intermediate-advanced, requires articulation core control, contraindicated osteoporosis flexion, acute disc herniation.
5. Pilates Anatomy: What is the primary role of transversus abdominis (TA) in Reformer work?
A. Hip flexion
B. Deep core stabilization, anticipatory contraction before movement, maintains neutral spine and supports lumbar spine during spring load
C. Spinal extension
D. No role
Answer: B
Rationale: TA deep core stabilization, anticipatory contraction, maintains neutral spine, supports lumbar during spring resistance.
6. Pilates Anatomy: What is the primary role of transversus abdominis (TA) in Reformer work?
A. Hip flexion
B. Deep core stabilization, anticipatory contraction before movement, maintains neutral spine and supports lumbar spine during spring load
C. Spinal extension
D. No role
Answer: B
Rationale: TA deep core stabilization, anticipatory contraction, maintains neutral spine, supports lumbar during spring resistance.
7. Lateral sling system - muscles and Reformer application?
A. Only biceps
B. Glute med/min + contralateral adductors + ipsilateral quadratus lumborum - frontal plane stability single leg work side splits
C. Only rectus
D. No system
Answer: B
Rationale: Lateral sling glute med/min contralateral adductors ipsilateral QL frontal plane stability side splits single leg.
8. Reformer 3 Programming: What is the correct spring setting for Footwork for a beginner with osteoporosis?
A. No springs
B. Light to medium springs with focus on alignment, avoid spinal flexion, foot bar high, prioritize neutral spine and leg alignment, 2-3 springs
C. 1 heavy spring
, D. Heavy springs only
Answer: B
Rationale: Beginner osteoporosis light-medium springs, avoid spinal flexion, foot bar high for hip range, neutral spine, leg alignment.
9. Pilates Anatomy: What is powerhouse and its components?
A. Transversus abdominis, multifidus, pelvic floor, diaphragm, internal/external obliques - box from ribs to pelvis - core control center
B. Only glutes
C. Only rectus abdominis
D. Only arms
Answer: A
Rationale: Powerhouse TA multifidus pelvic floor diaphragm obliques - ribs to pelvis box.
10. Sling Systems: Anterior oblique sling includes which muscles and function?
A. No sling
B. Only glutes
C. Only rectus abdominis
D. External oblique + contralateral adductors + internal oblique - rotational stability, force closure of pelvis, important for single leg work
Answer: D
Rationale: Anterior oblique sling: external oblique + contralateral adductors + internal oblique - rotational stability, pelvis force closure.
11. Pilates Anatomy: What is powerhouse and its components?
A. Transversus abdominis, multifidus, pelvic floor, diaphragm, internal/external obliques - box from ribs to pelvis - core control center
B. Only arms
C. Only rectus abdominis
D. Only glutes
Answer: A
Rationale: Powerhouse TA multifidus pelvic floor diaphragm obliques - ribs to pelvis box.
12. Reformer 3: When is Short Box Series appropriate and what is contraindication?
A. Intermediate-advanced with good spinal articulation and core control - contraindicated with osteoporosis spinal flexion, disc herniation acute, avoid
loaded flexion
B. Never appropriate
C. Only for osteoporosis
D. For all beginners
Answer: A
Rationale: Short Box intermediate-advanced, requires articulation core control, contraindicated osteoporosis flexion, acute disc herniation.
13. Sling Systems: Anterior oblique sling includes which muscles and function?
A. Only rectus abdominis
B. No sling
C. Only glutes
D. External oblique + contralateral adductors + internal oblique - rotational stability, force closure of pelvis, important for single leg work
Answer: D
Rationale: Anterior oblique sling: external oblique + contralateral adductors + internal oblique - rotational stability, pelvis force closure.
14. A client on the Reformer demonstrates excessive lumbar lordosis during Footwork. Which sling system imbalance is most likely and what
is the corrective cue?
A. Tight hip flexors, weak glutes - anterior pelvic tilt from tight rectus femoris psoas, cue posterior pelvic tilt, engage TA and glutes, check foot bar
position
B. No imbalance
C. Tight hamstrings only
D. Weak hip flexors
Answer: A
Rationale: Anterior pelvic tilt during footwork indicates tight hip flexors psoas/rectus femoris, weak glutes and TA. Cue neutral pelvis, TA engagement,
glute activation, adjust springs.
15. Balanced Body Reformer Test Out - What are essential components evaluator looks for?
A. Only counting reps
B. Only anatomy
C. Anatomy cueing, postural alignment, spring selection, safety, programming Reformer 3 modifications, sling systems integration, client
communication, flow
D. Only springs
Answer: C
Rationale: Test Out evaluator looks for anatomy cueing, alignment, springs, safety, Reformer 3 programming modifications, sling systems,
communication flow.
16. Pilates Anatomy: What is the primary role of transversus abdominis (TA) in Reformer work?
A. Hip flexion
B. Spinal extension
C. Deep core stabilization, anticipatory contraction before movement, maintains neutral spine and supports lumbar spine during spring load
, D. No role
Answer: C
Rationale: TA deep core stabilization, anticipatory contraction, maintains neutral spine, supports lumbar during spring resistance.
17. Reformer 3 Programming: How to program for client with diastasis recti?
A. Heavy flexion
B. No modification
C. Avoid loaded spinal flexion, focus TA activation, breath, neutral spine, light springs, avoid short box flexion, check coning
D. Only extension
Answer: C
Rationale: Diastasis avoid loaded flexion coning, focus TA breath neutral spine light springs.
18. During Knee Stretches on Reformer, client compensates with lumbar extension. What is correction?
A. No correction
B. Increase springs
C. Cue TA engagement, neutral spine, hip hinge, reduce springs, check round shape - avoid lumbar extension, focus on glutes hamstrings
D. More extension
Answer: C
Rationale: Knee Stretches compensation lumbar extension - cue TA neutral spine hip hinge glutes hamstrings reduce springs round shape.
19. Sling Systems: Anterior oblique sling includes which muscles and function?
A. Only glutes
B. Only rectus abdominis
C. External oblique + contralateral adductors + internal oblique - rotational stability, force closure of pelvis, important for single leg work
D. No sling
Answer: C
Rationale: Anterior oblique sling: external oblique + contralateral adductors + internal oblique - rotational stability, pelvis force closure.
20. Pilates Anatomy: What is the primary role of transversus abdominis (TA) in Reformer work?
A. Deep core stabilization, anticipatory contraction before movement, maintains neutral spine and supports lumbar spine during spring load
B. Spinal extension
C. Hip flexion
D. No role
Answer: A
Rationale: TA deep core stabilization, anticipatory contraction, maintains neutral spine, supports lumbar during spring resistance.
21. During Short Spine Massage, the client cannot articulate through spine. What is the likely restriction and correction?
A. No restriction
B. Weak biceps
C. Tight shoulders
D. Tight hamstrings and limited spinal articulation, weak TA - cue sequential articulation, modify with bent knees, check tailbone, use lighter springs
Answer: D
Rationale: Short Spine requires hamstring flexibility and spinal articulation. Tight hamstrings limit. Weak TA. Cue sequential, bent knees modification,
lighter springs.
22. During Reformer 3 Programming, a client cannot maintain scapular stability during Long Stretch Series. Which muscles are weak and what
is the modification?
A. Weak serratus anterior and lower trapezius, tight pec major/minor - cue scapular protraction, modify to knees down or reduce springs, check
alignment
B. Weak biceps
C. Tight glutes
D. No weakness
Answer: A
Rationale: Long Stretch requires serratus anterior, lower trapezius stability. Weakness causes winging. Tight pecs. Cue protraction, modify knees down,
reduce spring load.
23. Reformer 3 Programming: What is the correct spring setting for Footwork for a beginner with osteoporosis?
A. No springs
B. Heavy springs only
C. 1 heavy spring
D. Light to medium springs with focus on alignment, avoid spinal flexion, foot bar high, prioritize neutral spine and leg alignment, 2-3 springs
Answer: D
Rationale: Beginner osteoporosis light-medium springs, avoid spinal flexion, foot bar high for hip range, neutral spine, leg alignment.
24. Sling Systems: Anterior oblique sling includes which muscles and function?
A. Only glutes
B. No sling
C. External oblique + contralateral adductors + internal oblique - rotational stability, force closure of pelvis, important for single leg work
D. Only rectus abdominis
Answer: C
Reformer 3 Programming, Sling Systems & Postural Alignment - Version 3
Balanced Body | Reformer Test Out | Pilates Anatomy | Reformer 3 Programming | Sling Systems & Postural Alignment |
Version 3 | High Yield
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. I. Pilates Anatomy - Powerhouse Components Transversus Abdominis Multifidus Pelvic Floor Diaphragm Obliques, TA Anticipatory
Contraction, Lateral Thoracic Breathing Inhale Ribs Lateral Posterior Exhale TA
2. II. Postural Alignment - Neutral Pelvis ASIS Pubic Symphysis Same Plane, Plumb Line Ear Over Acromion Greater Trochanter Anterior
Knee Lateral Malleolus, Ideal Alignment
3. III. Postural Syndromes - Upper Crossed Syndrome Tight Pecs Upper Traps Levator Weak Deep Neck Flexors Rhomboids Lower Traps
Forward Head Kyphosis, Lower Crossed Syndrome Tight Hip Flexors Erector Spinae Weak Glutes TA Anterior Pelvic Tilt Lordosis
4. IV. Sling Systems - Anterior Oblique Sling External Oblique Contralateral Adductors Internal Oblique Rotational Stability, Posterior Oblique
Sling Latissimus Contralateral Glute Max TL Fascia SI Joint Stability Pulling Straps
5. V. Sling Systems - Deep Longitudinal System Multifidus Erector Spinae TL Fascia Sacrotuberous Biceps Femoris Extension Stability,
Lateral Sling Glute Med Min Contralateral Adductors QL Frontal Plane Side Splits
6. VI. Reformer 3 Programming - Beginner Intermediate Advanced Progressions, Spring Selection Light Medium Heavy, Footwork Foot Bar
High Low, Safety Osteoporosis Avoid Flexion, Diastasis Avoid Loaded Flexion Coning
7. VII. Reformer 3 Exercises - Footwork, Long Stretch Series Scapular Stability Serratus Anterior Lower Traps, Short Spine Articulation
Hamstring Flexibility, Knee Stretches Round Shape TA Glutes Hamstrings, Elephant Hip Hinge
8. VIII. Reformer 3 Exercises - Short Box Series Intermediate Advanced Spinal Articulation Core Control Contraindicated Osteoporosis Disc
Herniation, Seated Arm Work Scapular Retraction Depression
9. IX. Corrective Cues and Modifications - Anterior Pelvic Tilt Tight Hip Flexors Weak Glutes TA Cue Posterior Pelvic Tilt, Lumbar Extension
Compensation Cue Hip Hinge Neutral Spine, Reduce Springs Knees Down
10. X. Safety and Test Out Criteria - When to Stop Pain Dizziness Loss Neutral Compensation, Evaluator Looks Anatomy Cueing Alignment
Spring Selection Safety Programming Modifications Sling Integration Communication Flow
11. XI. Practice Questions - High Yield - Each Question Asked Like Real Balanced Body Reformer Test Out
12. XII. Answer Key with Detailed Rationales and Pilates Principles
,BALANCED BODY REFORMER TEST OUT - HIGH YIELD PRACTICE QUESTIONS - EACH QUESTION ASKED LIKE REAL
EXAM
Based on Balanced Body Reformer 3 Programming, Pilates Anatomy, Sling Systems, Postural Alignment Principles. High Yield.
1. Posterior oblique sling - what muscles and role in Reformer pulling straps?
A. Only quads
B. Only biceps
C. No sling
D. Latissimus dorsi + contralateral glute max + thoracolumbar fascia - force closure sacroiliac joint, pulling straps stability
Answer: D
Rationale: Posterior oblique sling latissimus + contralateral glute max + TL fascia - SI joint stability, pulling straps.
2. During Reformer 3 Programming, a client cannot maintain scapular stability during Long Stretch Series. Which muscles are weak and what
is the modification?
A. Tight glutes
B. No weakness
C. Weak serratus anterior and lower trapezius, tight pec major/minor - cue scapular protraction, modify to knees down or reduce springs, check
alignment
D. Weak biceps
Answer: C
Rationale: Long Stretch requires serratus anterior, lower trapezius stability. Weakness causes winging. Tight pecs. Cue protraction, modify knees down,
reduce spring load.
3. Pilates Anatomy: What is powerhouse and its components?
A. Only rectus abdominis
B. Only glutes
C. Transversus abdominis, multifidus, pelvic floor, diaphragm, internal/external obliques - box from ribs to pelvis - core control center
D. Only arms
Answer: C
Rationale: Powerhouse TA multifidus pelvic floor diaphragm obliques - ribs to pelvis box.
4. Reformer 3: When is Short Box Series appropriate and what is contraindication?
A. For all beginners
B. Only for osteoporosis
C. Intermediate-advanced with good spinal articulation and core control - contraindicated with osteoporosis spinal flexion, disc herniation acute, avoid
loaded flexion
D. Never appropriate
Answer: C
Rationale: Short Box intermediate-advanced, requires articulation core control, contraindicated osteoporosis flexion, acute disc herniation.
5. Pilates Anatomy: What is the primary role of transversus abdominis (TA) in Reformer work?
A. Hip flexion
B. Deep core stabilization, anticipatory contraction before movement, maintains neutral spine and supports lumbar spine during spring load
C. Spinal extension
D. No role
Answer: B
Rationale: TA deep core stabilization, anticipatory contraction, maintains neutral spine, supports lumbar during spring resistance.
6. Pilates Anatomy: What is the primary role of transversus abdominis (TA) in Reformer work?
A. Hip flexion
B. Deep core stabilization, anticipatory contraction before movement, maintains neutral spine and supports lumbar spine during spring load
C. Spinal extension
D. No role
Answer: B
Rationale: TA deep core stabilization, anticipatory contraction, maintains neutral spine, supports lumbar during spring resistance.
7. Lateral sling system - muscles and Reformer application?
A. Only biceps
B. Glute med/min + contralateral adductors + ipsilateral quadratus lumborum - frontal plane stability single leg work side splits
C. Only rectus
D. No system
Answer: B
Rationale: Lateral sling glute med/min contralateral adductors ipsilateral QL frontal plane stability side splits single leg.
8. Reformer 3 Programming: What is the correct spring setting for Footwork for a beginner with osteoporosis?
A. No springs
B. Light to medium springs with focus on alignment, avoid spinal flexion, foot bar high, prioritize neutral spine and leg alignment, 2-3 springs
C. 1 heavy spring
, D. Heavy springs only
Answer: B
Rationale: Beginner osteoporosis light-medium springs, avoid spinal flexion, foot bar high for hip range, neutral spine, leg alignment.
9. Pilates Anatomy: What is powerhouse and its components?
A. Transversus abdominis, multifidus, pelvic floor, diaphragm, internal/external obliques - box from ribs to pelvis - core control center
B. Only glutes
C. Only rectus abdominis
D. Only arms
Answer: A
Rationale: Powerhouse TA multifidus pelvic floor diaphragm obliques - ribs to pelvis box.
10. Sling Systems: Anterior oblique sling includes which muscles and function?
A. No sling
B. Only glutes
C. Only rectus abdominis
D. External oblique + contralateral adductors + internal oblique - rotational stability, force closure of pelvis, important for single leg work
Answer: D
Rationale: Anterior oblique sling: external oblique + contralateral adductors + internal oblique - rotational stability, pelvis force closure.
11. Pilates Anatomy: What is powerhouse and its components?
A. Transversus abdominis, multifidus, pelvic floor, diaphragm, internal/external obliques - box from ribs to pelvis - core control center
B. Only arms
C. Only rectus abdominis
D. Only glutes
Answer: A
Rationale: Powerhouse TA multifidus pelvic floor diaphragm obliques - ribs to pelvis box.
12. Reformer 3: When is Short Box Series appropriate and what is contraindication?
A. Intermediate-advanced with good spinal articulation and core control - contraindicated with osteoporosis spinal flexion, disc herniation acute, avoid
loaded flexion
B. Never appropriate
C. Only for osteoporosis
D. For all beginners
Answer: A
Rationale: Short Box intermediate-advanced, requires articulation core control, contraindicated osteoporosis flexion, acute disc herniation.
13. Sling Systems: Anterior oblique sling includes which muscles and function?
A. Only rectus abdominis
B. No sling
C. Only glutes
D. External oblique + contralateral adductors + internal oblique - rotational stability, force closure of pelvis, important for single leg work
Answer: D
Rationale: Anterior oblique sling: external oblique + contralateral adductors + internal oblique - rotational stability, pelvis force closure.
14. A client on the Reformer demonstrates excessive lumbar lordosis during Footwork. Which sling system imbalance is most likely and what
is the corrective cue?
A. Tight hip flexors, weak glutes - anterior pelvic tilt from tight rectus femoris psoas, cue posterior pelvic tilt, engage TA and glutes, check foot bar
position
B. No imbalance
C. Tight hamstrings only
D. Weak hip flexors
Answer: A
Rationale: Anterior pelvic tilt during footwork indicates tight hip flexors psoas/rectus femoris, weak glutes and TA. Cue neutral pelvis, TA engagement,
glute activation, adjust springs.
15. Balanced Body Reformer Test Out - What are essential components evaluator looks for?
A. Only counting reps
B. Only anatomy
C. Anatomy cueing, postural alignment, spring selection, safety, programming Reformer 3 modifications, sling systems integration, client
communication, flow
D. Only springs
Answer: C
Rationale: Test Out evaluator looks for anatomy cueing, alignment, springs, safety, Reformer 3 programming modifications, sling systems,
communication flow.
16. Pilates Anatomy: What is the primary role of transversus abdominis (TA) in Reformer work?
A. Hip flexion
B. Spinal extension
C. Deep core stabilization, anticipatory contraction before movement, maintains neutral spine and supports lumbar spine during spring load
, D. No role
Answer: C
Rationale: TA deep core stabilization, anticipatory contraction, maintains neutral spine, supports lumbar during spring resistance.
17. Reformer 3 Programming: How to program for client with diastasis recti?
A. Heavy flexion
B. No modification
C. Avoid loaded spinal flexion, focus TA activation, breath, neutral spine, light springs, avoid short box flexion, check coning
D. Only extension
Answer: C
Rationale: Diastasis avoid loaded flexion coning, focus TA breath neutral spine light springs.
18. During Knee Stretches on Reformer, client compensates with lumbar extension. What is correction?
A. No correction
B. Increase springs
C. Cue TA engagement, neutral spine, hip hinge, reduce springs, check round shape - avoid lumbar extension, focus on glutes hamstrings
D. More extension
Answer: C
Rationale: Knee Stretches compensation lumbar extension - cue TA neutral spine hip hinge glutes hamstrings reduce springs round shape.
19. Sling Systems: Anterior oblique sling includes which muscles and function?
A. Only glutes
B. Only rectus abdominis
C. External oblique + contralateral adductors + internal oblique - rotational stability, force closure of pelvis, important for single leg work
D. No sling
Answer: C
Rationale: Anterior oblique sling: external oblique + contralateral adductors + internal oblique - rotational stability, pelvis force closure.
20. Pilates Anatomy: What is the primary role of transversus abdominis (TA) in Reformer work?
A. Deep core stabilization, anticipatory contraction before movement, maintains neutral spine and supports lumbar spine during spring load
B. Spinal extension
C. Hip flexion
D. No role
Answer: A
Rationale: TA deep core stabilization, anticipatory contraction, maintains neutral spine, supports lumbar during spring resistance.
21. During Short Spine Massage, the client cannot articulate through spine. What is the likely restriction and correction?
A. No restriction
B. Weak biceps
C. Tight shoulders
D. Tight hamstrings and limited spinal articulation, weak TA - cue sequential articulation, modify with bent knees, check tailbone, use lighter springs
Answer: D
Rationale: Short Spine requires hamstring flexibility and spinal articulation. Tight hamstrings limit. Weak TA. Cue sequential, bent knees modification,
lighter springs.
22. During Reformer 3 Programming, a client cannot maintain scapular stability during Long Stretch Series. Which muscles are weak and what
is the modification?
A. Weak serratus anterior and lower trapezius, tight pec major/minor - cue scapular protraction, modify to knees down or reduce springs, check
alignment
B. Weak biceps
C. Tight glutes
D. No weakness
Answer: A
Rationale: Long Stretch requires serratus anterior, lower trapezius stability. Weakness causes winging. Tight pecs. Cue protraction, modify knees down,
reduce spring load.
23. Reformer 3 Programming: What is the correct spring setting for Footwork for a beginner with osteoporosis?
A. No springs
B. Heavy springs only
C. 1 heavy spring
D. Light to medium springs with focus on alignment, avoid spinal flexion, foot bar high, prioritize neutral spine and leg alignment, 2-3 springs
Answer: D
Rationale: Beginner osteoporosis light-medium springs, avoid spinal flexion, foot bar high for hip range, neutral spine, leg alignment.
24. Sling Systems: Anterior oblique sling includes which muscles and function?
A. Only glutes
B. No sling
C. External oblique + contralateral adductors + internal oblique - rotational stability, force closure of pelvis, important for single leg work
D. Only rectus abdominis
Answer: C
