BIO 181 FINAL UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS (2026)
●● How many molecules of water are needed to completely hydrolyze a
polymer that is 11 monomers long ?
Question options:
a. 11
b. 9
c. 8
d. 10
e. 12
Answer: 11
●● Which of the following kingdoms include only unicellular
organisms?
Question options:
a. animalia
b. bacteria(monera)
c. plants
,d. fungi
e. protista
Answer: bacteria(monera)
●● List the 4 types of macromolecules found in organisms and name the
key functions for each type.
Answer: 1. Carbohydrates: Energy ans structural support
2. Lipids: Energy storage, cell membranes and hormones
3. Proteins: Catalysis, transport, and structure
4. Nucleic acids: Genetic info storage, and transmission
●● A phospholipid is amphipathic because it:
Question options:
a. is an organic compound.
b. contains both hydrophilic & hydrophobic regions.
c. contains hydrophilic regions.
d. is found in membranes.
e. contains hydrophobic regions.
Answer: contains both hydrophilic & hydrophobic regions.
●● Which of the following subatomic particles have a mass of 1 dalton ?
,Question options:
a. proton only
b. neutron only
c. electron only
d. both protons and neutrons
e. both electrons and protons
Answer: both protons and neutrons
●● Which of the following facts allows you to determine that atom A
and atom B are isotopes of the same element?
Question options:
a. they each have an atomic mass of 14
b. they each have 6 protons
c. they each have 4 neutrons
d. in each, the sum of their protons and neutrons are 14
e. they each have 4 valence electrons
Answer: they each have 6 protons
●● Explain the difference between isotopes and isomers !
Answer: An isotopes is an an atom that has same number of protons but
different number of neurons.
, Isomers are different compounds with a similar molecular formula that
is just differently arranged
●● How do isotopes of the same element differ from each other ?
Question options:
a. valence electron distribution
b. number of neutrons
c. number of protons
d. number of electrons
e. amount of radioactivity
Answer: number of neutrons
●● Which term includes all others in the list?
Question options:
a. polysaccharide
b. starch
c. monosaccharide
d. carbohydrate
e. disaccharide
Answer: carbohydrate
●● What is the specific name for the above molecule?
CORRECT ANSWERS (2026)
●● How many molecules of water are needed to completely hydrolyze a
polymer that is 11 monomers long ?
Question options:
a. 11
b. 9
c. 8
d. 10
e. 12
Answer: 11
●● Which of the following kingdoms include only unicellular
organisms?
Question options:
a. animalia
b. bacteria(monera)
c. plants
,d. fungi
e. protista
Answer: bacteria(monera)
●● List the 4 types of macromolecules found in organisms and name the
key functions for each type.
Answer: 1. Carbohydrates: Energy ans structural support
2. Lipids: Energy storage, cell membranes and hormones
3. Proteins: Catalysis, transport, and structure
4. Nucleic acids: Genetic info storage, and transmission
●● A phospholipid is amphipathic because it:
Question options:
a. is an organic compound.
b. contains both hydrophilic & hydrophobic regions.
c. contains hydrophilic regions.
d. is found in membranes.
e. contains hydrophobic regions.
Answer: contains both hydrophilic & hydrophobic regions.
●● Which of the following subatomic particles have a mass of 1 dalton ?
,Question options:
a. proton only
b. neutron only
c. electron only
d. both protons and neutrons
e. both electrons and protons
Answer: both protons and neutrons
●● Which of the following facts allows you to determine that atom A
and atom B are isotopes of the same element?
Question options:
a. they each have an atomic mass of 14
b. they each have 6 protons
c. they each have 4 neutrons
d. in each, the sum of their protons and neutrons are 14
e. they each have 4 valence electrons
Answer: they each have 6 protons
●● Explain the difference between isotopes and isomers !
Answer: An isotopes is an an atom that has same number of protons but
different number of neurons.
, Isomers are different compounds with a similar molecular formula that
is just differently arranged
●● How do isotopes of the same element differ from each other ?
Question options:
a. valence electron distribution
b. number of neutrons
c. number of protons
d. number of electrons
e. amount of radioactivity
Answer: number of neutrons
●● Which term includes all others in the list?
Question options:
a. polysaccharide
b. starch
c. monosaccharide
d. carbohydrate
e. disaccharide
Answer: carbohydrate
●● What is the specific name for the above molecule?
