BIO 181 FINAL FREQUENTLY TESTED ACTUAL
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
(2026)
●● A mutation that you could pass on to your offspring would occur in
the ___ cells
Answer: Germ cells
●● Most mutations that occur in our genomes are...
Answer: Neutral
●● Which type of mutation would most likely have dramatic effects on
the gene of interest?
Answer: Nonsense mutation
Frameshift mutation
●● What is the probability of a child having the same phenotype as the
first parent: AaBbcc x aabbCC
Answer: 0
●● p^2+2pq+q^2 gives
,Answer: Hardy Weinberg equilibrium frequencies
●● Which is an example of heterozygote advantage?
Answer: Sickle sell trait
●● Which of the following statements must be true in order for
mitochondrial ATP synthase to work?
Answer: pH of inter membrane space must be lower than that of the
matrix
There must be a difference in concentration of H+ ions
●● During glycolysis, glucose is broken down into two molecules of
Answer: Pyruvate
●● Which of the following is the most important product of the
fermentation pathway in cells?
Answer: NAD+
●● Photosynthesis is usually divided up into how many separate
reactions?
Answer: 2
, ●● Which is NOT a stage of cellular respiration?
Answer: Photosynthesis
●● Which one of the following represents the REDUCED forms of the
electron carriers of cellular respiration?
NAD+ and FAD
NAD+ and FADH2
NADH and FAD
NADH and FADH2
Answer: NADH and FADH2
●● The step of cellular respiration that results in the biggest direct
payoff of ATP is
Answer: The electron transport chain
●● In the absence of oxygen this is the route taken by the cell to
generate ATP
Answer: Glycolysis
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
(2026)
●● A mutation that you could pass on to your offspring would occur in
the ___ cells
Answer: Germ cells
●● Most mutations that occur in our genomes are...
Answer: Neutral
●● Which type of mutation would most likely have dramatic effects on
the gene of interest?
Answer: Nonsense mutation
Frameshift mutation
●● What is the probability of a child having the same phenotype as the
first parent: AaBbcc x aabbCC
Answer: 0
●● p^2+2pq+q^2 gives
,Answer: Hardy Weinberg equilibrium frequencies
●● Which is an example of heterozygote advantage?
Answer: Sickle sell trait
●● Which of the following statements must be true in order for
mitochondrial ATP synthase to work?
Answer: pH of inter membrane space must be lower than that of the
matrix
There must be a difference in concentration of H+ ions
●● During glycolysis, glucose is broken down into two molecules of
Answer: Pyruvate
●● Which of the following is the most important product of the
fermentation pathway in cells?
Answer: NAD+
●● Photosynthesis is usually divided up into how many separate
reactions?
Answer: 2
, ●● Which is NOT a stage of cellular respiration?
Answer: Photosynthesis
●● Which one of the following represents the REDUCED forms of the
electron carriers of cellular respiration?
NAD+ and FAD
NAD+ and FADH2
NADH and FAD
NADH and FADH2
Answer: NADH and FADH2
●● The step of cellular respiration that results in the biggest direct
payoff of ATP is
Answer: The electron transport chain
●● In the absence of oxygen this is the route taken by the cell to
generate ATP
Answer: Glycolysis
