BIO 181 FINAL EXAM FREQUENTLY TESTED
QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS (2026)
●● Recessive allele
Answer: Gets masked by dominant alleles; expressed if there is no
dominant allele
In flower experiment: p, encodes white color
●● Genotype
Answer: Combination of alleles
In flower experiment: PP, Pp, or pp
●● Phenotype
Answer: Physical manifestation of alleles
In flower experiment: actual color of the flower
●● Heterozygous
Answer: Genotype with two different alleles
In flower experiment: Pp genotype
●● Homozygous
,Answer: Genotype with two of the same allele
In flower experiment: PP or pp genotype
●● Results of Mendel's flower experiment
Answer: Because purple color comes from the dominant allele, flowers
can only be white if they have two recessive alleles. But, they can be
purple if they have two dominant alleles OR one dominant and one
recessive allele
●● Simple dominance
Answer: Only the dominant allele contributes to the phenotype of a
heterozygote (Mendel's flowers)
●● Incomplete dominance
Answer: The phenotype of the heterozygous is a blend between the two
alleles (red + white = pink)
●● Codominance
Answer: Both alleles contribute to the phenotype of a heterozygote
●● Lab 1: Blood type testing- What does each blood type allele encode?
Answer: A protein on the cell
, ●● Lab 1: Blood type testing- What protein is present in Type A blood?
Answer: A protein
●● Lab 1: Blood type testing- What protein is present in Type B blood?
Answer: B protein
●● Lab 1: Blood type testing- Why is blood type considered
codominant?
Answer: Because both A and B alleles are expressed together in Type
AB blood
●● Lab 1: Blood type testing- What proteins are present in Type AB
blood?
Answer: Both A protein and B protein
●● Lab 1: Blood type testing- What proteins are present in Type O
blood?
Answer: Neither A nor B protein
●● Lab 1: Blood type testing- What do blood type tests use to identify
blood type?
Answer: Antibodies that recognize A and B proteins
QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS (2026)
●● Recessive allele
Answer: Gets masked by dominant alleles; expressed if there is no
dominant allele
In flower experiment: p, encodes white color
●● Genotype
Answer: Combination of alleles
In flower experiment: PP, Pp, or pp
●● Phenotype
Answer: Physical manifestation of alleles
In flower experiment: actual color of the flower
●● Heterozygous
Answer: Genotype with two different alleles
In flower experiment: Pp genotype
●● Homozygous
,Answer: Genotype with two of the same allele
In flower experiment: PP or pp genotype
●● Results of Mendel's flower experiment
Answer: Because purple color comes from the dominant allele, flowers
can only be white if they have two recessive alleles. But, they can be
purple if they have two dominant alleles OR one dominant and one
recessive allele
●● Simple dominance
Answer: Only the dominant allele contributes to the phenotype of a
heterozygote (Mendel's flowers)
●● Incomplete dominance
Answer: The phenotype of the heterozygous is a blend between the two
alleles (red + white = pink)
●● Codominance
Answer: Both alleles contribute to the phenotype of a heterozygote
●● Lab 1: Blood type testing- What does each blood type allele encode?
Answer: A protein on the cell
, ●● Lab 1: Blood type testing- What protein is present in Type A blood?
Answer: A protein
●● Lab 1: Blood type testing- What protein is present in Type B blood?
Answer: B protein
●● Lab 1: Blood type testing- Why is blood type considered
codominant?
Answer: Because both A and B alleles are expressed together in Type
AB blood
●● Lab 1: Blood type testing- What proteins are present in Type AB
blood?
Answer: Both A protein and B protein
●● Lab 1: Blood type testing- What proteins are present in Type O
blood?
Answer: Neither A nor B protein
●● Lab 1: Blood type testing- What do blood type tests use to identify
blood type?
Answer: Antibodies that recognize A and B proteins
