ATI PN
Pharmacology Exam
Questions Verified and
Provided with A+
Graded Answers| Latest
Updated 2026
,Receptors
Norepinephrine-Adrenergic (adrenergic comes from the word adrenalin)
Alpha 1-all sympathetic target organs except the heart-constrict the blood
vessels and dilation of pupils
Alpha 2-Presynaptic adrenergic nerve terminal-inhibits the release of
norepinephrine Beta 1-Heart and Kidneys (BETA 1-ONE HEART)-increased
heart rate and force of
contraction, release of renin
Beta 2-All sympathetic target organs-inhibits smooth muscle (BETA 2-TWO
LUNGS)
,Beta blockers/olol's
Beta-Adrenergic Blockers
Metoprolol/Lopressor ENDING OLOL
Beta Blockers are use with heart failure, hypertension, angina and with
myocardial infarctions.
Action = Blocks Beta-Receptors in the heart causing...
Decreases = HR, force of contraction, Rate of atrioventricular (AV) conduction
SE = Bradycardia, lethargy, GI disturbance, congestive heart failure,
decrease BP, depression
The beta blockers stop sympathetic nervous system stimulation of the
heart. Does not allow the heart rate and blood pressure to rise with stress
thus lowering the oxygen
demand of the heart. It is very heart protective!
Will slow the heart rate and lower the blood pressure
Can have beta 2 blockage with larger doses-will constrict the bronchioles-
watch for clients with known COPD, Asthma
Nursing Interventions
Check pulse-needs to be 60 or above
Check blood pressure-if hypotensive do not give (Systolic below 100 is a
good rule of thumb I go by)
Monitor for sexual dysfunction-impotence for men-a good reason for non-
compliance Drowsiness/Fatigue-operating heavy machinery, driving could
put client at risk Insomnia-
Contraindicated with Heart Blocks, Bradycardia, Worsening Heart Failure
Increases Hypoglycemic effect of Insulin-monitor blood sugars and for
hypoglycemia, may need to lower insulin dosage
Beta Blockers have to be weaned slowly to prevent rebound hypertension and
tachycardia-if a client wants to stop his beta-blocker they need to contract
their physician
, CCB,/calcium channel blockers
Nifedipine/Adalat/Procardia/Norvasc-controls blood vessels
Diltiazem/Cardizem
Verapamil/Calan/Isoptin/Verelan-controls heart rate and blood vessels
Angina/Raynaud's/Vasospastic Angina/Atrial Arrhythmia's
Blocks calcium channels in the myocardial and vascular smooth muscles,
decreases the contraction of smooth muscle-relaxes the arteries-vasodilation.
Blocking of calcium
channels in the SA and AV node-Slows conduction through the SA and AV
node. Decreases the force of contraction slows heart rate
Grapefruit juice may increase absorption of nifedipine
Side Effects: Relaxes smooth muscle and cardiac
muscle-Headache
Dizziness-Take lying, sitting and standing B/P, educate client to sit and stand
slowly Peripheral edema-assess for edema, monitor for worsening (diuretic)
Flushing
Reflex tachycardia-monitor for elevated heart rate (may
need a BB) Constipation-increase fibers and fluids (if not
restricted) stool softener Fatigue-Due to low heart rate-
monitor EKG, pulse rate and rhythm Weakness-Monitor B/P
and Heart Rate
Impotence and sexual dysfunction-Discuss possibility with client-have
client to call and not just to stop medications
Hepatotoxicity-ALT, AST, ALK PHOS, Bilirubin
MI-Monitor for chest pain, dyspnea, increases fatigue, weakness
CHF-Monitor for chest pain, dyspnea, edema, increasing weight, decreasing
output, increasing HR and B/P
Angioedema-edema in face, throat, trouble swallowing, trouble breathing,
thickened tongue
Grapefruit juice may increase absorption of nifedipine
Acute Toxicity
With an overdose or
overmedicated Gastric lavage
Monitor EKG-bradycardia-widening QRS, hypotension
Pharmacology Exam
Questions Verified and
Provided with A+
Graded Answers| Latest
Updated 2026
,Receptors
Norepinephrine-Adrenergic (adrenergic comes from the word adrenalin)
Alpha 1-all sympathetic target organs except the heart-constrict the blood
vessels and dilation of pupils
Alpha 2-Presynaptic adrenergic nerve terminal-inhibits the release of
norepinephrine Beta 1-Heart and Kidneys (BETA 1-ONE HEART)-increased
heart rate and force of
contraction, release of renin
Beta 2-All sympathetic target organs-inhibits smooth muscle (BETA 2-TWO
LUNGS)
,Beta blockers/olol's
Beta-Adrenergic Blockers
Metoprolol/Lopressor ENDING OLOL
Beta Blockers are use with heart failure, hypertension, angina and with
myocardial infarctions.
Action = Blocks Beta-Receptors in the heart causing...
Decreases = HR, force of contraction, Rate of atrioventricular (AV) conduction
SE = Bradycardia, lethargy, GI disturbance, congestive heart failure,
decrease BP, depression
The beta blockers stop sympathetic nervous system stimulation of the
heart. Does not allow the heart rate and blood pressure to rise with stress
thus lowering the oxygen
demand of the heart. It is very heart protective!
Will slow the heart rate and lower the blood pressure
Can have beta 2 blockage with larger doses-will constrict the bronchioles-
watch for clients with known COPD, Asthma
Nursing Interventions
Check pulse-needs to be 60 or above
Check blood pressure-if hypotensive do not give (Systolic below 100 is a
good rule of thumb I go by)
Monitor for sexual dysfunction-impotence for men-a good reason for non-
compliance Drowsiness/Fatigue-operating heavy machinery, driving could
put client at risk Insomnia-
Contraindicated with Heart Blocks, Bradycardia, Worsening Heart Failure
Increases Hypoglycemic effect of Insulin-monitor blood sugars and for
hypoglycemia, may need to lower insulin dosage
Beta Blockers have to be weaned slowly to prevent rebound hypertension and
tachycardia-if a client wants to stop his beta-blocker they need to contract
their physician
, CCB,/calcium channel blockers
Nifedipine/Adalat/Procardia/Norvasc-controls blood vessels
Diltiazem/Cardizem
Verapamil/Calan/Isoptin/Verelan-controls heart rate and blood vessels
Angina/Raynaud's/Vasospastic Angina/Atrial Arrhythmia's
Blocks calcium channels in the myocardial and vascular smooth muscles,
decreases the contraction of smooth muscle-relaxes the arteries-vasodilation.
Blocking of calcium
channels in the SA and AV node-Slows conduction through the SA and AV
node. Decreases the force of contraction slows heart rate
Grapefruit juice may increase absorption of nifedipine
Side Effects: Relaxes smooth muscle and cardiac
muscle-Headache
Dizziness-Take lying, sitting and standing B/P, educate client to sit and stand
slowly Peripheral edema-assess for edema, monitor for worsening (diuretic)
Flushing
Reflex tachycardia-monitor for elevated heart rate (may
need a BB) Constipation-increase fibers and fluids (if not
restricted) stool softener Fatigue-Due to low heart rate-
monitor EKG, pulse rate and rhythm Weakness-Monitor B/P
and Heart Rate
Impotence and sexual dysfunction-Discuss possibility with client-have
client to call and not just to stop medications
Hepatotoxicity-ALT, AST, ALK PHOS, Bilirubin
MI-Monitor for chest pain, dyspnea, increases fatigue, weakness
CHF-Monitor for chest pain, dyspnea, edema, increasing weight, decreasing
output, increasing HR and B/P
Angioedema-edema in face, throat, trouble swallowing, trouble breathing,
thickened tongue
Grapefruit juice may increase absorption of nifedipine
Acute Toxicity
With an overdose or
overmedicated Gastric lavage
Monitor EKG-bradycardia-widening QRS, hypotension
