,Critical Thinking Clinical Reasoning and Clinical Judgment 7th Edition A
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
Practical Approach Test Bank n e n e n e n e n e
Chapter 1. What are Critical Thinking, Clinical Reasoning, and Clinical Judgment?
ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
n Multiple Choice
e ne
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
1. Which of the following characteristics do the various definitions of
n e ne ne ne n e n e n e ne n e n e
critical thinking
n e have in common? Critical thinking
ne ne ne ne ne
1)
Requires reasoned thought ne ne
2)
ne
Asks the questions why? or
ne ne ne ne
how?
ne
3)
Is a hierarchical process
ne ne ne
4)
ne
Demands specialized thinking skills ne ne ne
ANS: 1
ne ne
The definitions listed in the text as well as definitions in Box 2-
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
1 state that critical thinking requires reasoning or reasoned thinking.
n e n e n e ne n e n e n e n e n e
n Critical thinking is neither linear nor hierarchical. That means that the
e n e n e n e n e n e ne n e n e n e n e
steps involved in critical thinking are not necessarily sequential, where
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e ne n e
n mastery of one step is necessary to proceed to the next.
e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
Critical thinking is a purposeful, dynamic, analytic process that contributes
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
to reasoned decisions and sound contextual
n e n e judgments. ne ne ne ne
PTS:1DIF:Moderate high-level question, answer not stated verbatim n e n e n e n e n e n e
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Analysis
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
2. A few nurses on a unit have proposed to the nurse
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
n e manager that the process for documenting care on the unit be n e n e ne n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
n e changed. They have described a completely new system. Why is it
n e n e n e n e ne ne ne n e n e
n e important for the nurse manager to have a critical attitude? n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e It
n e will help the manager to n e n e n e n e
1)
Consider all the possible advantages and ne ne ne ne ne
disadvantages 2)
ne ne
Maintain an open mind about the ne ne ne ne ne
proposed change 3)
ne ne ne
Apply the nursing process to the ne ne ne ne ne
situation 4)
ne ne
Make a decision based on past experience with documentation
ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
ANS: 2
n e ne
A critical attitude enables the person to think fairly and keep an
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
n open mind. PTS:1DIF:ModerateKEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE |
e n e ne n e ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
Cognitive level: Comprehension
ne ne n e
, The nurse has just been assigned to the clinical care
ne 3. n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
of a newly admitted patient. To know how to best care for the patient, the nurse
n e n e n e ne n e ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
uses the nursing process. Which step would the nurse probably do first?
ne ne ne ne n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
1)
Assessment
2) ne
Diagnosis
3) ne
Plan outcomes ne
4) ne
Plan interventions ne
ANS: 1
ne ne
Assessment is the first step of the nursing process. The nursing n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
diagnosis is derived from the data gathered during assessment, outcomes
n e n e n e ne n e n e n e n e n e n e
from the diagnosis, and interventions from the outcomes. PTS:1DIF:Easy
n e n e n e n e ne n e n e ne ne
KEY: Nursing process: Assessment | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level:
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
Application
n e
4. Which of the following is an example of
ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
theoretical knowledge? 1)
n e ne ne
A nurse uses sterile technique to catheterize a
ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
patient. 2)
ne ne
Room air has an oxygen concentration of
ne ne ne ne ne ne
21%. 3)
ne ne
Glucose monitoring machines should be calibrated ne ne ne ne ne
daily. 4)
ne ne
An irregular apical heart rate should be compared with the
ne ne ne n e ne ne ne ne ne
radial pulse. ANS: 2
ne n e ne ne
Theoretical knowledge consists of research findings, facts, principles, and theories. The
ne ne n e ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
oxygen concentration of room air is a scientific fact. The others
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
are examples of practical knowledgewhat to do and how to do it.
n e n e n e ne n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
PTS:1DIF:Moderate; high-level question, answer not stated verbatim n e n e n e n e n e n e
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
5. Which of the following is an example of practical knowledge?
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
(Assume all are true.) 1)
n e n e ne n e ne
The tricuspid valve is between the right atrium and ventricle of
ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
the heart. 2)
n e n e ne
The pancreas does not produce enough insulin in
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
type 1 diabetes. 3)
n e ne ne ne
When assessing the abdomen, you should auscultate before
ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
palpating. 4)
ne ne
Research shows pain medication given intravenously acts faster than by
ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
other routes. ANS: 3
ne n e ne ne
, Practical knowledge is knowing what to do and how to do it,
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
n such as how to do an assessment. The others are examples of
e n e n e n e ne n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
n etheoretical knowledge, anatomy (tricuspid valve), fact (type 1 n e n e ne ne n e n e
n diabetes), and research (IV pain medication).
e n e n e n e n e n e
PTS:1DIF:Moderate high-level question, answer not stated verbatim n e n e n e n e n e n e
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
6. Which of the following is an example of self-knowledge? The
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
n nurse thinks, I know that I 1)
e n e n e ne ne ne ne
Should take the clients apical pulse for 1 minute before giving
ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
n digoxin 2)
e ne
Should follow the clients wishes even though it is not
n e ne n e n e n e n e n e ne n e
n ewhat I would want 3)
ne ne ne
Have religious beliefs that may make it difficult to take care of
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
some clients 4)
n e ne ne
Need to honor the clients request not to discuss his health concern
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
n with the family ANS: 3
e n e ne ne ne
Self-knowledge is being aware of your religious and cultural beliefs and values. n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
n eTaking the pulse is an example of practical knowledge. Following
ne n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
n client wishes and honoring client requests are examples of ethical
e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
n eknowledge.
PTS:1DIFifficult; high-level question, answer not stated verbatim | V1, high-level ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
question, answer not stated verbatim
n e ne ne ne ne
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
7. Which of the following is the most important reason for
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
n nurses to be critical thinkers? 1)
e n e n e ne ne ne
Nurses need to follow policies and
ne ne ne ne ne
procedures. 2)
ne ne
Nurses work with other healthcare team
ne ne ne ne ne
members. 3)
ne ne
Nurses care for clients who have multiple health
ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
neproblems. 4) ne
Nurses have to be flexible and work variable
ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
neschedules. ANS: 3 ne ne
Critical thinking is essential for client care, particularly when the
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
n care is complex, involving numerous health issues. Following policies and
e n e n e ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
procedures does not necessarily require critical thinking, and working with
ne ne ne ne n e n e n e n e n e n e
n others or being flexible and working different schedules do not
e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
necessarily require critical thinking.
n e n e n e n e
PTS:1DIF:Moderate; high-level question, answer not stated verbatim n e n e n e n e n e n e
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
8. The nurse administering pain medication every 4 hours is an
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
n eexample of which aspect of patient care? n e ne n e ne ne ne
1)
Assessment data ne
2)
ne
Nursing diagnosis n e
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
Practical Approach Test Bank n e n e n e n e n e
Chapter 1. What are Critical Thinking, Clinical Reasoning, and Clinical Judgment?
ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
n Multiple Choice
e ne
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
1. Which of the following characteristics do the various definitions of
n e ne ne ne n e n e n e ne n e n e
critical thinking
n e have in common? Critical thinking
ne ne ne ne ne
1)
Requires reasoned thought ne ne
2)
ne
Asks the questions why? or
ne ne ne ne
how?
ne
3)
Is a hierarchical process
ne ne ne
4)
ne
Demands specialized thinking skills ne ne ne
ANS: 1
ne ne
The definitions listed in the text as well as definitions in Box 2-
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
1 state that critical thinking requires reasoning or reasoned thinking.
n e n e n e ne n e n e n e n e n e
n Critical thinking is neither linear nor hierarchical. That means that the
e n e n e n e n e n e ne n e n e n e n e
steps involved in critical thinking are not necessarily sequential, where
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e ne n e
n mastery of one step is necessary to proceed to the next.
e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
Critical thinking is a purposeful, dynamic, analytic process that contributes
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
to reasoned decisions and sound contextual
n e n e judgments. ne ne ne ne
PTS:1DIF:Moderate high-level question, answer not stated verbatim n e n e n e n e n e n e
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Analysis
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
2. A few nurses on a unit have proposed to the nurse
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
n e manager that the process for documenting care on the unit be n e n e ne n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
n e changed. They have described a completely new system. Why is it
n e n e n e n e ne ne ne n e n e
n e important for the nurse manager to have a critical attitude? n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e It
n e will help the manager to n e n e n e n e
1)
Consider all the possible advantages and ne ne ne ne ne
disadvantages 2)
ne ne
Maintain an open mind about the ne ne ne ne ne
proposed change 3)
ne ne ne
Apply the nursing process to the ne ne ne ne ne
situation 4)
ne ne
Make a decision based on past experience with documentation
ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
ANS: 2
n e ne
A critical attitude enables the person to think fairly and keep an
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
n open mind. PTS:1DIF:ModerateKEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE |
e n e ne n e ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
Cognitive level: Comprehension
ne ne n e
, The nurse has just been assigned to the clinical care
ne 3. n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
of a newly admitted patient. To know how to best care for the patient, the nurse
n e n e n e ne n e ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
uses the nursing process. Which step would the nurse probably do first?
ne ne ne ne n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
1)
Assessment
2) ne
Diagnosis
3) ne
Plan outcomes ne
4) ne
Plan interventions ne
ANS: 1
ne ne
Assessment is the first step of the nursing process. The nursing n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
diagnosis is derived from the data gathered during assessment, outcomes
n e n e n e ne n e n e n e n e n e n e
from the diagnosis, and interventions from the outcomes. PTS:1DIF:Easy
n e n e n e n e ne n e n e ne ne
KEY: Nursing process: Assessment | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level:
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
Application
n e
4. Which of the following is an example of
ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
theoretical knowledge? 1)
n e ne ne
A nurse uses sterile technique to catheterize a
ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
patient. 2)
ne ne
Room air has an oxygen concentration of
ne ne ne ne ne ne
21%. 3)
ne ne
Glucose monitoring machines should be calibrated ne ne ne ne ne
daily. 4)
ne ne
An irregular apical heart rate should be compared with the
ne ne ne n e ne ne ne ne ne
radial pulse. ANS: 2
ne n e ne ne
Theoretical knowledge consists of research findings, facts, principles, and theories. The
ne ne n e ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
oxygen concentration of room air is a scientific fact. The others
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
are examples of practical knowledgewhat to do and how to do it.
n e n e n e ne n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
PTS:1DIF:Moderate; high-level question, answer not stated verbatim n e n e n e n e n e n e
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
5. Which of the following is an example of practical knowledge?
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
(Assume all are true.) 1)
n e n e ne n e ne
The tricuspid valve is between the right atrium and ventricle of
ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
the heart. 2)
n e n e ne
The pancreas does not produce enough insulin in
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
type 1 diabetes. 3)
n e ne ne ne
When assessing the abdomen, you should auscultate before
ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
palpating. 4)
ne ne
Research shows pain medication given intravenously acts faster than by
ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
other routes. ANS: 3
ne n e ne ne
, Practical knowledge is knowing what to do and how to do it,
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
n such as how to do an assessment. The others are examples of
e n e n e n e ne n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
n etheoretical knowledge, anatomy (tricuspid valve), fact (type 1 n e n e ne ne n e n e
n diabetes), and research (IV pain medication).
e n e n e n e n e n e
PTS:1DIF:Moderate high-level question, answer not stated verbatim n e n e n e n e n e n e
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
6. Which of the following is an example of self-knowledge? The
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
n nurse thinks, I know that I 1)
e n e n e ne ne ne ne
Should take the clients apical pulse for 1 minute before giving
ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
n digoxin 2)
e ne
Should follow the clients wishes even though it is not
n e ne n e n e n e n e n e ne n e
n ewhat I would want 3)
ne ne ne
Have religious beliefs that may make it difficult to take care of
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
some clients 4)
n e ne ne
Need to honor the clients request not to discuss his health concern
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
n with the family ANS: 3
e n e ne ne ne
Self-knowledge is being aware of your religious and cultural beliefs and values. n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
n eTaking the pulse is an example of practical knowledge. Following
ne n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
n client wishes and honoring client requests are examples of ethical
e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
n eknowledge.
PTS:1DIFifficult; high-level question, answer not stated verbatim | V1, high-level ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
question, answer not stated verbatim
n e ne ne ne ne
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
7. Which of the following is the most important reason for
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
n nurses to be critical thinkers? 1)
e n e n e ne ne ne
Nurses need to follow policies and
ne ne ne ne ne
procedures. 2)
ne ne
Nurses work with other healthcare team
ne ne ne ne ne
members. 3)
ne ne
Nurses care for clients who have multiple health
ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
neproblems. 4) ne
Nurses have to be flexible and work variable
ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
neschedules. ANS: 3 ne ne
Critical thinking is essential for client care, particularly when the
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
n care is complex, involving numerous health issues. Following policies and
e n e n e ne ne ne ne ne ne ne
procedures does not necessarily require critical thinking, and working with
ne ne ne ne n e n e n e n e n e n e
n others or being flexible and working different schedules do not
e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
necessarily require critical thinking.
n e n e n e n e
PTS:1DIF:Moderate; high-level question, answer not stated verbatim n e n e n e n e n e n e
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
8. The nurse administering pain medication every 4 hours is an
n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e n e
n eexample of which aspect of patient care? n e ne n e ne ne ne
1)
Assessment data ne
2)
ne
Nursing diagnosis n e
