CALT EXAM STUDY GUIDE COMPLETE 2026
UPDATE
Receptive Language - ANSWER -the ability to
understand and comprehend spoken or written
language essentially meaning the "input" of
language, where someone takes in information
through listening or reading and interprets its
meaning; it involves understanding words, concepts,
and instructions, as opposed to producing language
yourself.
Expressive Language - ANSWER -the ability to
communicate one's thoughts, feelings, and needs
through spoken words, written text, gestures, or
other symbols, essentially meaning it's "output" of
language, where you use language to express
yourself to others; including forming sentences,
,using correct grammar, and conveying meaning
through verbal or non-verbal communication.
Accent - ANSWER -stress or emphasis placed on
one syllable in a word, or one word in a sentence.
The mouth opens wider, the voice is louder and
higher, and sometimes held a bit longer.
Articulation - ANSWER -where the sound is
produced, the way in which air stream flows
through the nose or mouth, and activity of the vocal
cords.
Coarticulation - ANSWER -the articulation of 2 or
more speech sounds together, so that one
influences the other ("allophones can occur as a
result of coarticulation across word boundaries")
,Phonograms - ANSWER -a symbol representing a
vocal sound
What are the 4 Components of Language? -
ANSWER -Phonology, Semantics, Syntax, &
Pragmatics
Phonology - ANSWER -sound structure of a
language and how sounds operate within that
language; an unconscious set of rules that govern
speech that indicates suprasegmental and
segmental aspects which is a very large umbrella
term.
Semantics - ANSWER -the study of word meaning &
vocabulary; it includes the meanings of words,
phrases, sentences & text.
, Pragmatics - ANSWER -understanding the social
uses of language and basic social rules of
communication
Affix - ANSWER -prefixes and/or suffixes that are
added to base words.
Alphabet Knowledge - ANSWER -the ability to
identify and name the letters of the alphabet, the
name is the anchor.
Alphabetic language - ANSWER -a language such as
English, in which letters are used systematically to
represent speech sounds or phonemes.
Alphabetic Principle - ANSWER -the understanding
that letters (graphemes) are connected to sounds
(phonemes). Letters are the written symbols that
UPDATE
Receptive Language - ANSWER -the ability to
understand and comprehend spoken or written
language essentially meaning the "input" of
language, where someone takes in information
through listening or reading and interprets its
meaning; it involves understanding words, concepts,
and instructions, as opposed to producing language
yourself.
Expressive Language - ANSWER -the ability to
communicate one's thoughts, feelings, and needs
through spoken words, written text, gestures, or
other symbols, essentially meaning it's "output" of
language, where you use language to express
yourself to others; including forming sentences,
,using correct grammar, and conveying meaning
through verbal or non-verbal communication.
Accent - ANSWER -stress or emphasis placed on
one syllable in a word, or one word in a sentence.
The mouth opens wider, the voice is louder and
higher, and sometimes held a bit longer.
Articulation - ANSWER -where the sound is
produced, the way in which air stream flows
through the nose or mouth, and activity of the vocal
cords.
Coarticulation - ANSWER -the articulation of 2 or
more speech sounds together, so that one
influences the other ("allophones can occur as a
result of coarticulation across word boundaries")
,Phonograms - ANSWER -a symbol representing a
vocal sound
What are the 4 Components of Language? -
ANSWER -Phonology, Semantics, Syntax, &
Pragmatics
Phonology - ANSWER -sound structure of a
language and how sounds operate within that
language; an unconscious set of rules that govern
speech that indicates suprasegmental and
segmental aspects which is a very large umbrella
term.
Semantics - ANSWER -the study of word meaning &
vocabulary; it includes the meanings of words,
phrases, sentences & text.
, Pragmatics - ANSWER -understanding the social
uses of language and basic social rules of
communication
Affix - ANSWER -prefixes and/or suffixes that are
added to base words.
Alphabet Knowledge - ANSWER -the ability to
identify and name the letters of the alphabet, the
name is the anchor.
Alphabetic language - ANSWER -a language such as
English, in which letters are used systematically to
represent speech sounds or phonemes.
Alphabetic Principle - ANSWER -the understanding
that letters (graphemes) are connected to sounds
(phonemes). Letters are the written symbols that
