MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS PRACTICE QUESTIONS
2026/2027 – MS EXAM REVIEW & STUDY GUIDE
Which of the following statements made by a patient diagnosed with
multiple sclerosis (MS) would alert the healthcare provider that the patient
requires additional instruction about the disease? Select all that apply.
1. "A hot bath in the evenings will help relax my muscles and relieve
pain."
2. "I will avoid foods that are high in fiber to prevent problems with my
bowels."
3. "It's important for me to inspect my skin daily make sure there aren't
any injuries."
4. "Use of stress reduction strategies can decrease the severity of my
symptoms." - correct answer✔✔ 1,2
The patient should be taught about factors that can exacerbate
symptoms, such as heat and stress. In addition, the patient is at risk for
burns due to impaired peripheral sensation, so bathing temperatures
should be carefully monitored.
The healthcare provider is teaching a group of patients diagnosed with
multiple sclerosis (MS) about common bladder problems. Which of the
following will the healthcare provider include? Select all that apply.
1. "Drinking caffeinated beverages can help you empty your bladder
completely."
2. "MS may cause the bladder to contract and empty more often than
usual."
3. "You should not attempt to urinate until you feel that your bladder is
full."
4. "Drink 1.5 - 2 liters of water each day so your urine isn't too
concentrated."
,5. "Drinking lots of citrus juices will decrease the amount of bacteria in
your urinary tract."
6. "Patients with MS are at increased risk of developing urinary tract
infections." - correct answer✔✔ 2, 4, 6
MS heightens a patient's risk of urinary tract infections. Patients should
plan to void on a regular basis. Voiding at least every 2 hours will
decrease urine stasis.
When assessing a patient diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS), which of
the following would require immediate action by the healthcare provider?
1) Fatigue and depression
2) Paresthesia and tremor
3) Nystagmus and diplopia
4) Dysphagia and congested cough - correct answer✔✔ 4
These are all signs and symptoms of MS, but some can be more serious
than others. Select the clinical manifestations of MS that may result in a
serious secondary problem for the patient.Dysphagia puts the patient at
risk for aspiration pneumonia, and the congested cough is an indication
that aspiration has already occurred.
The healthcare provider is planning care for a patient diagnosed with
multiple sclerosis (MS). Which of the following is the priority intervention?
1) Advise the patient to drink liquids through a straw
2) Monitor the patient's temperature to avoid overheating
3) Teach the patient's family how to meet the patient's needs
4) Encourage bed rest in order to conserve strength - correct answer✔✔ 1
Problems related to dysphagia (such as aspiration) can be minimized if the
patient drinks liquids through a straw. Sensitivity to heat is a concern with
MS, but monitoring the patient's temperature is not necessary.
, The client newly diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) states, "I don't
understand how I got multiple sclerosis. Is it genetic?" On which statement
should the nurse base the response?
1. Genetics may play a role in susceptibility to MS, but the disease may be
caused by a virus.
2. There is no evidence suggesting there is any chromosomal involvement
in developing MS.
3. Multiple sclerosis is caused by a recessive gene, so both parents had to
have the gene for the client to get MS.
4. Multiple sclerosis is caused by an autosomal dominant gene on the Y
chromosome,so only fathers can pass it on. - correct answer✔✔ 1.
The exact cause of MS is not known,but there is a theory stating a slow
virus is partially responsible. A failure of apart of the immune system may
also beat fault. A genetic predisposition involving chromosomes 2, 3, 7,
11, 17, 19, and X may be involved.
2. There is some evidence supporting a genetic component involved in
developing MS.
3. A specific gene has not been identified to know if the gene is recessive
or dominant.
4. The X chromosome, not the Y chromosome,may be involved.
The 30-year-old female client is admitted with complaints of numbness,
tingling, a crawling sensation affecting the extremities, and double vision
which has occurred two(2) times in the month. Which question is most
important for the nurse to ask the client?
1. "Have you experienced any difficulty with your menstrual cycle?"
2. "Have you noticed a rash across the bridge of your nose?"
3. "Do you get tired easily and sometimes have problems swallowing?"
2026/2027 – MS EXAM REVIEW & STUDY GUIDE
Which of the following statements made by a patient diagnosed with
multiple sclerosis (MS) would alert the healthcare provider that the patient
requires additional instruction about the disease? Select all that apply.
1. "A hot bath in the evenings will help relax my muscles and relieve
pain."
2. "I will avoid foods that are high in fiber to prevent problems with my
bowels."
3. "It's important for me to inspect my skin daily make sure there aren't
any injuries."
4. "Use of stress reduction strategies can decrease the severity of my
symptoms." - correct answer✔✔ 1,2
The patient should be taught about factors that can exacerbate
symptoms, such as heat and stress. In addition, the patient is at risk for
burns due to impaired peripheral sensation, so bathing temperatures
should be carefully monitored.
The healthcare provider is teaching a group of patients diagnosed with
multiple sclerosis (MS) about common bladder problems. Which of the
following will the healthcare provider include? Select all that apply.
1. "Drinking caffeinated beverages can help you empty your bladder
completely."
2. "MS may cause the bladder to contract and empty more often than
usual."
3. "You should not attempt to urinate until you feel that your bladder is
full."
4. "Drink 1.5 - 2 liters of water each day so your urine isn't too
concentrated."
,5. "Drinking lots of citrus juices will decrease the amount of bacteria in
your urinary tract."
6. "Patients with MS are at increased risk of developing urinary tract
infections." - correct answer✔✔ 2, 4, 6
MS heightens a patient's risk of urinary tract infections. Patients should
plan to void on a regular basis. Voiding at least every 2 hours will
decrease urine stasis.
When assessing a patient diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS), which of
the following would require immediate action by the healthcare provider?
1) Fatigue and depression
2) Paresthesia and tremor
3) Nystagmus and diplopia
4) Dysphagia and congested cough - correct answer✔✔ 4
These are all signs and symptoms of MS, but some can be more serious
than others. Select the clinical manifestations of MS that may result in a
serious secondary problem for the patient.Dysphagia puts the patient at
risk for aspiration pneumonia, and the congested cough is an indication
that aspiration has already occurred.
The healthcare provider is planning care for a patient diagnosed with
multiple sclerosis (MS). Which of the following is the priority intervention?
1) Advise the patient to drink liquids through a straw
2) Monitor the patient's temperature to avoid overheating
3) Teach the patient's family how to meet the patient's needs
4) Encourage bed rest in order to conserve strength - correct answer✔✔ 1
Problems related to dysphagia (such as aspiration) can be minimized if the
patient drinks liquids through a straw. Sensitivity to heat is a concern with
MS, but monitoring the patient's temperature is not necessary.
, The client newly diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) states, "I don't
understand how I got multiple sclerosis. Is it genetic?" On which statement
should the nurse base the response?
1. Genetics may play a role in susceptibility to MS, but the disease may be
caused by a virus.
2. There is no evidence suggesting there is any chromosomal involvement
in developing MS.
3. Multiple sclerosis is caused by a recessive gene, so both parents had to
have the gene for the client to get MS.
4. Multiple sclerosis is caused by an autosomal dominant gene on the Y
chromosome,so only fathers can pass it on. - correct answer✔✔ 1.
The exact cause of MS is not known,but there is a theory stating a slow
virus is partially responsible. A failure of apart of the immune system may
also beat fault. A genetic predisposition involving chromosomes 2, 3, 7,
11, 17, 19, and X may be involved.
2. There is some evidence supporting a genetic component involved in
developing MS.
3. A specific gene has not been identified to know if the gene is recessive
or dominant.
4. The X chromosome, not the Y chromosome,may be involved.
The 30-year-old female client is admitted with complaints of numbness,
tingling, a crawling sensation affecting the extremities, and double vision
which has occurred two(2) times in the month. Which question is most
important for the nurse to ask the client?
1. "Have you experienced any difficulty with your menstrual cycle?"
2. "Have you noticed a rash across the bridge of your nose?"
3. "Do you get tired easily and sometimes have problems swallowing?"
