NSG 430 Practice Exam
1. The primary focus of community health nursing practice is the:
A. Care of acutely ill individuals
B. Health of populations and aggregates
C. Treatment of individual diseases
D. Delivery of hospital discharge services
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Community health nursing combines nursing and public health science to
promote and protect the health of populations, not just individuals.
2. Which are the three core functions of public health?
A. Prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation
B. Diagnosis, planning, and evaluation
C. Education, research, and regulation
D. Assessment, policy development, and assurance
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The Institute of Medicine identified assessment, policy development, and
assurance as the core public health functions.
3. Which activity is an example of primary prevention?
A. Giving hepatitis B vaccine to newborns
B. Cardiac rehabilitation after a myocardial infarction
C. Blood pressure screening at a health fair
D. Insulin teaching for a newly diagnosed diabetic
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Primary prevention prevents disease before it occurs. Immunization is the
classic example.
,4. Which activity is an example of secondary prevention?
A. Physical therapy after a stroke
B. Fluoridating the water supply
C. Blood pressure screening at a health fair
D. Teaching seat belt use
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Secondary prevention detects disease early, through screening, so
treatment can begin promptly.
5. A support group for stroke survivors is an example of which level of
prevention?
A. Secondary
B. Tertiary
C. Primary
D. Preventive screening
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tertiary prevention limits disability and promotes rehabilitation after a
disease or injury has occurred.
6. Incidence refers to the:
A. Number of deaths from a disease
B. Proportion of the population that is immune
C. Number of new cases of a disease in a population during a specific period
D. Total number of existing cases at a point in time
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Incidence counts new cases and measures risk of developing a disease.
Prevalence counts all existing cases.
,7. Prevalence is best defined as the:
A. Total number of existing cases of a disease in a population at a given time
B. Number of deaths per 1000 population
C. Number of cases among those exposed
D. Number of new cases during a period
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prevalence includes both new and existing cases and reflects the burden
of disease.
8. In a community of 10,000 people at risk, 30 new cases of influenza occurred
in one month. What is the incidence rate per 1,000?
A. 300 per 1,000
B. 0.3 per 1,000
C. 3 per 1,000
D. 30 per 1,000
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Incidence rate = new cases / population at risk x 1,000 = ,000 x
1,000 = 3.
9. A screening test's sensitivity is its ability to:
A. Correctly identify people who do not have the disease
B. Correctly identify people who have the disease
C. Reduce the cost of treatment
D. Predict who will develop the disease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sensitivity is the true positive rate. Highly sensitive tests rarely miss
disease.
, 10. A screening test's specificity is its ability to:
A. Detect disease at the earliest stage
B. Correctly identify people who do not have the disease
C. Identify all possible risk factors
D. Correctly identify people who have the disease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Specificity is the true negative rate. Highly specific tests produce few
false positives.
11. The epidemiologic triad consists of:
A. Prevention, protection, and promotion
B. Person, place, and time
C. Agent, host, and environment
D. Source, vector, and reservoir
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Disease results from the interaction of an agent, a susceptible host, and
an environment that brings them together.
12. A disease that is constantly present at an expected level in a geographic
area is called:
A. Sporadic
B. Epidemic
C. Endemic
D. Pandemic
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Endemic diseases have a predictable baseline. Epidemics exceed the
expected number of cases, and pandemics spread across multiple countries or
continents.
1. The primary focus of community health nursing practice is the:
A. Care of acutely ill individuals
B. Health of populations and aggregates
C. Treatment of individual diseases
D. Delivery of hospital discharge services
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Community health nursing combines nursing and public health science to
promote and protect the health of populations, not just individuals.
2. Which are the three core functions of public health?
A. Prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation
B. Diagnosis, planning, and evaluation
C. Education, research, and regulation
D. Assessment, policy development, and assurance
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The Institute of Medicine identified assessment, policy development, and
assurance as the core public health functions.
3. Which activity is an example of primary prevention?
A. Giving hepatitis B vaccine to newborns
B. Cardiac rehabilitation after a myocardial infarction
C. Blood pressure screening at a health fair
D. Insulin teaching for a newly diagnosed diabetic
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Primary prevention prevents disease before it occurs. Immunization is the
classic example.
,4. Which activity is an example of secondary prevention?
A. Physical therapy after a stroke
B. Fluoridating the water supply
C. Blood pressure screening at a health fair
D. Teaching seat belt use
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Secondary prevention detects disease early, through screening, so
treatment can begin promptly.
5. A support group for stroke survivors is an example of which level of
prevention?
A. Secondary
B. Tertiary
C. Primary
D. Preventive screening
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tertiary prevention limits disability and promotes rehabilitation after a
disease or injury has occurred.
6. Incidence refers to the:
A. Number of deaths from a disease
B. Proportion of the population that is immune
C. Number of new cases of a disease in a population during a specific period
D. Total number of existing cases at a point in time
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Incidence counts new cases and measures risk of developing a disease.
Prevalence counts all existing cases.
,7. Prevalence is best defined as the:
A. Total number of existing cases of a disease in a population at a given time
B. Number of deaths per 1000 population
C. Number of cases among those exposed
D. Number of new cases during a period
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prevalence includes both new and existing cases and reflects the burden
of disease.
8. In a community of 10,000 people at risk, 30 new cases of influenza occurred
in one month. What is the incidence rate per 1,000?
A. 300 per 1,000
B. 0.3 per 1,000
C. 3 per 1,000
D. 30 per 1,000
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Incidence rate = new cases / population at risk x 1,000 = ,000 x
1,000 = 3.
9. A screening test's sensitivity is its ability to:
A. Correctly identify people who do not have the disease
B. Correctly identify people who have the disease
C. Reduce the cost of treatment
D. Predict who will develop the disease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sensitivity is the true positive rate. Highly sensitive tests rarely miss
disease.
, 10. A screening test's specificity is its ability to:
A. Detect disease at the earliest stage
B. Correctly identify people who do not have the disease
C. Identify all possible risk factors
D. Correctly identify people who have the disease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Specificity is the true negative rate. Highly specific tests produce few
false positives.
11. The epidemiologic triad consists of:
A. Prevention, protection, and promotion
B. Person, place, and time
C. Agent, host, and environment
D. Source, vector, and reservoir
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Disease results from the interaction of an agent, a susceptible host, and
an environment that brings them together.
12. A disease that is constantly present at an expected level in a geographic
area is called:
A. Sporadic
B. Epidemic
C. Endemic
D. Pandemic
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Endemic diseases have a predictable baseline. Epidemics exceed the
expected number of cases, and pandemics spread across multiple countries or
continents.
