ABFM ITE Exam Study Guide Questions with Correct Answers
(Grade A+)
Question 1: Anti-DM medications for weight loss
Answer: GLP1 receptor
agonists e.g. Exenatide
SGLT-2 inhibitor e.g. Canagliflozin
Question 2: Screening test with greatest potential for over diagnosis
Answer: PSA
Question 3: Clinical manifestation of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Answer: Asymmetric leg weakness
Question 4: Opioid to avoid in palliative patient with severe hepatic dysfunction
Answer: Methadone
- It is metabolized and cleared by the liver, and should therefore not
be used in patients with severe hepatic impairment. It is, however, a reasonable option for patients with severe
renal impairment.
Question 5: Lung cancer screening with low dose CT Chest annually
Answer: Adults 55-80yo with 30 pack year history and currently smoking or quit within last 15 years
Question 6: NOAC with reversal agent
Answer: Dabigatran
Question 7: Reduces alcoholism but creating an acute ethanol sensitivity
Answer: Disulfiram
Question 8: Antidepressant to be avoided in the elderly
Answer: Paroxetine
(associated with more anticholinergic effects)
SSRIs > SNRIs, atypical antipsychotics may be added for resistant depression
Question 9: Age group between which American Academy of Pediatrics recommends administration
of an autism-specific screening tool
Answer: 18-24 months old
Page 1
,Question 10: Most common neurological complication of Paget's disease of the bone
Answer:
Question 11: Most common cardiac complication of Lyme disease
Answer: Heart blocks
Question 12: Examination finding of those with bacterial vaginosis
Answer: Vaginal pH >4.5 (normal vaginal pH should be acidic)
Question 13: Most common cause of medication-related adverse events across health care settings in
the United States
Answer: Antibiotics
Question 14: Screening for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis
Answer: Not
recommended
Question 15: In anaphylaxis, which drug is most likely helpful in preventing the need for intubation?
Answer:
Question 16: Barrett's oesophagus with no dysplasia
Answer:
Question 17: Positive family history of colorectal cancer
Answer: Individuals
who have a first-degree relative with colorectal cancer or advanced adenoma diagnosed before 60 years of age
or two first-degree relatives diagnosed at any age should be advised to start screening colonoscopy at 40 years
of age or 10 years younger than the earliest diagnosis in their family, whichever comes first.
Question 18: Most common cause of hearing loss in newborns
Answer: Genetic
inheritance
Question 19: Lab findings in Von Willebrand disease
Answer:
Question 20: U.S. federal labor law requires companies with >50 employees to provide which
benefits for employees who are nursing mothers
Answer:
Page 2
,Question 21: Influenza vaccination in those with potential egg allergy
Answer: All currently available influenza vaccines, with the exceptions of recombinant and cell-culture-based
inactivated influenza vaccines, are prepared using embryonated egg culture and can potentially provoke
allergic and anaphylactic reactions. For those who report that they can eat lightly cooked scrambled eggs,
vaccination can proceed without precaution or observation. Those who have experienced only hives can also
receive any influenza vaccine appropriate for their age and health status. People who have experienced
symptoms such as hypotension, wheezing, nausea, or vomiting, or reactions requiring emergency attention or
epinephrine after eating eggs or egg-containing foods can also receive any influenza vaccine appropriate for
their age and health status and also do not need to be observed. However, the vaccine should be administered
by a provider who can recognize and manage severe allergic reactions.
Question 22: How is the Timed Up and Go test useful in GRM patients?
Answer: Helps to assess the risk of falling
Question 23: Antidepressant that can prolong QT interval to be avoided in those on concomitant
atypical antipsychotics
Answer: Citalopram,
Escitalopram
Other SSRIs, as well as bupropion, venlafaxine, and mirtazapine, do not have this effect. Both tricyclic
antidepressants and antipsychotics, commonly used in patients also taking SSRIs, can cause QT prolongation,
making their combined use problematic.
Question 24: Antibiotic for traveller's diarrhoea
Answer: Azithromycin
Prevented by washing hands frequently
Question 25: Most effective medication for treating fibromyalgia
Answer: TCAs
> SSRIs (helps with some pain reduction)
Question 26: In a healthy full-term infant who is exclusively breastfed, iron supplementation should
begin at what age in order to prevent iron deficiency anaemia?
Answer: 4 months
- In preterm babies (before 37w), elemental iron supplementation (2mg/kg per day) should begin at 1 month of
age and should
continue until 12 months of age, unless the infant had multiple blood transfusions.
Question 27: In primary nephrotic syndrome, other than proteinuria and low albumin, what else is
commonly observed?
Answer: Coagulopathy
Page 3
, Question 28: Chronic medication that can cause B12 deficiency
Answer: Metformin
Question 29: Strongest risk factor for primary hypertension in children and adolescents
Answer: Elevated BMI
Question 30: While Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus species are the most common causes of
skin and soft-tissue infection, which organism should also be considered?
Answer: Pseudomonas
Question 31: Treatment of erythrasma (Wood's lamp coral pink/red fluorescence, fine-scaled with a
cigarette-paper appearance) caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum infection
Answer: Erythromycin
Question 32: Which radiologic funding of a lung nodule is most predictive of malignancy?
Answer:
Question 33: Which investigation is routine in all newborns with Down syndrome?
Answer: Echocardiography
Question 34: Treatment duration for provoked vs unprovoked PE
Answer: 3
months and indefinitely respectively
Question 35: In patients with symptoms indicative of pneumonia or heart failure, what
investigations can be done to determine treatment of either condition or both?
Answer: BNP and procalcitonin levels
Question 36: How to increase HDL (good cholesterol)?
Answer: Add niacin
Question 37: Dietary recommendation in diverticulosis
Answer: High fibre or
take fibre supplements
Question 38: Side effects of prolonged PPI use
Answer: C diff infection,
hypoMg, hip fracture
Page 4
(Grade A+)
Question 1: Anti-DM medications for weight loss
Answer: GLP1 receptor
agonists e.g. Exenatide
SGLT-2 inhibitor e.g. Canagliflozin
Question 2: Screening test with greatest potential for over diagnosis
Answer: PSA
Question 3: Clinical manifestation of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Answer: Asymmetric leg weakness
Question 4: Opioid to avoid in palliative patient with severe hepatic dysfunction
Answer: Methadone
- It is metabolized and cleared by the liver, and should therefore not
be used in patients with severe hepatic impairment. It is, however, a reasonable option for patients with severe
renal impairment.
Question 5: Lung cancer screening with low dose CT Chest annually
Answer: Adults 55-80yo with 30 pack year history and currently smoking or quit within last 15 years
Question 6: NOAC with reversal agent
Answer: Dabigatran
Question 7: Reduces alcoholism but creating an acute ethanol sensitivity
Answer: Disulfiram
Question 8: Antidepressant to be avoided in the elderly
Answer: Paroxetine
(associated with more anticholinergic effects)
SSRIs > SNRIs, atypical antipsychotics may be added for resistant depression
Question 9: Age group between which American Academy of Pediatrics recommends administration
of an autism-specific screening tool
Answer: 18-24 months old
Page 1
,Question 10: Most common neurological complication of Paget's disease of the bone
Answer:
Question 11: Most common cardiac complication of Lyme disease
Answer: Heart blocks
Question 12: Examination finding of those with bacterial vaginosis
Answer: Vaginal pH >4.5 (normal vaginal pH should be acidic)
Question 13: Most common cause of medication-related adverse events across health care settings in
the United States
Answer: Antibiotics
Question 14: Screening for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis
Answer: Not
recommended
Question 15: In anaphylaxis, which drug is most likely helpful in preventing the need for intubation?
Answer:
Question 16: Barrett's oesophagus with no dysplasia
Answer:
Question 17: Positive family history of colorectal cancer
Answer: Individuals
who have a first-degree relative with colorectal cancer or advanced adenoma diagnosed before 60 years of age
or two first-degree relatives diagnosed at any age should be advised to start screening colonoscopy at 40 years
of age or 10 years younger than the earliest diagnosis in their family, whichever comes first.
Question 18: Most common cause of hearing loss in newborns
Answer: Genetic
inheritance
Question 19: Lab findings in Von Willebrand disease
Answer:
Question 20: U.S. federal labor law requires companies with >50 employees to provide which
benefits for employees who are nursing mothers
Answer:
Page 2
,Question 21: Influenza vaccination in those with potential egg allergy
Answer: All currently available influenza vaccines, with the exceptions of recombinant and cell-culture-based
inactivated influenza vaccines, are prepared using embryonated egg culture and can potentially provoke
allergic and anaphylactic reactions. For those who report that they can eat lightly cooked scrambled eggs,
vaccination can proceed without precaution or observation. Those who have experienced only hives can also
receive any influenza vaccine appropriate for their age and health status. People who have experienced
symptoms such as hypotension, wheezing, nausea, or vomiting, or reactions requiring emergency attention or
epinephrine after eating eggs or egg-containing foods can also receive any influenza vaccine appropriate for
their age and health status and also do not need to be observed. However, the vaccine should be administered
by a provider who can recognize and manage severe allergic reactions.
Question 22: How is the Timed Up and Go test useful in GRM patients?
Answer: Helps to assess the risk of falling
Question 23: Antidepressant that can prolong QT interval to be avoided in those on concomitant
atypical antipsychotics
Answer: Citalopram,
Escitalopram
Other SSRIs, as well as bupropion, venlafaxine, and mirtazapine, do not have this effect. Both tricyclic
antidepressants and antipsychotics, commonly used in patients also taking SSRIs, can cause QT prolongation,
making their combined use problematic.
Question 24: Antibiotic for traveller's diarrhoea
Answer: Azithromycin
Prevented by washing hands frequently
Question 25: Most effective medication for treating fibromyalgia
Answer: TCAs
> SSRIs (helps with some pain reduction)
Question 26: In a healthy full-term infant who is exclusively breastfed, iron supplementation should
begin at what age in order to prevent iron deficiency anaemia?
Answer: 4 months
- In preterm babies (before 37w), elemental iron supplementation (2mg/kg per day) should begin at 1 month of
age and should
continue until 12 months of age, unless the infant had multiple blood transfusions.
Question 27: In primary nephrotic syndrome, other than proteinuria and low albumin, what else is
commonly observed?
Answer: Coagulopathy
Page 3
, Question 28: Chronic medication that can cause B12 deficiency
Answer: Metformin
Question 29: Strongest risk factor for primary hypertension in children and adolescents
Answer: Elevated BMI
Question 30: While Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus species are the most common causes of
skin and soft-tissue infection, which organism should also be considered?
Answer: Pseudomonas
Question 31: Treatment of erythrasma (Wood's lamp coral pink/red fluorescence, fine-scaled with a
cigarette-paper appearance) caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum infection
Answer: Erythromycin
Question 32: Which radiologic funding of a lung nodule is most predictive of malignancy?
Answer:
Question 33: Which investigation is routine in all newborns with Down syndrome?
Answer: Echocardiography
Question 34: Treatment duration for provoked vs unprovoked PE
Answer: 3
months and indefinitely respectively
Question 35: In patients with symptoms indicative of pneumonia or heart failure, what
investigations can be done to determine treatment of either condition or both?
Answer: BNP and procalcitonin levels
Question 36: How to increase HDL (good cholesterol)?
Answer: Add niacin
Question 37: Dietary recommendation in diverticulosis
Answer: High fibre or
take fibre supplements
Question 38: Side effects of prolonged PPI use
Answer: C diff infection,
hypoMg, hip fracture
Page 4
