NRSG 2350 Exam 3 Study Guide | Northeastern
University | UPDATED Questions with 100% Verified
Answers
Q1: Angiotensin II
A: Potent vasoconstrictor in the body
powerful vasoconstrictor of arterioles increase Na in DCT
releases ADH
Q2: contractions
A: ectopy - early contraction
PAC - premature atrial
PVC - premature ventricular
Q3: Blood Pressure
A: SBP, DBP, pulse pressure, cardiac output, peripheral vascular resistance
COxSVR=BP
need oxygen and nutrients for blood pressure
Q4: cardiac output
A: The volume of blood ejected from the left side of the heart in one minute.
amount of blood the heart pumps out
Q5: pulse pressure
A: difference between systolic and diastolic pressure
Q6: peripheral vascular resistance
A: The force exerted against the blood flow and is determined by the diameter of the
vessel. The lower the vascular resistance the less force is needed to eject the blood out
of the heart during systole.
Q7: SBP
A: Systolic blood pressure (top number)
Q8: DBP
A: Diastolic blood pressure (bottom number)
Q9: Edema
A: Swelling caused by fluid accumulation
can be anywhere in body lungs, legs, abdomen, brain
,caused by fluid retention mostly in feet and legs
elevate feet, take diuretics, movement, water, sodium intake, compression socks, losing
weight
Q10: Hypertension
A: higher than normal blood pressure
primary - idiopathic
secondary - direct cause, medication, cardiovascular diseases
the slilent killer - blurred vision, HA, chest pain, nose bleeds
Q11: Stage 1 HTN range
A: 140-159/90-99
Q12: Stage 2 HTN range
A: >160/>100
Q13: HTN crisis range
A: 180/120
Q14: Pre-Hypertensive BP range
A: Systolic: 120-139 mmHg
Diastolic: 80-89 mmHg
Q15: Afterload
A: The force or resistance against which the heart pumps.
Q16: Hypertensive BP levels
A: 140/90 or greater
Q17: Hyperlipidemia
A: LDL high, HDL low
blood has too many fats (lipid)
HMGC inhibiter - medication
"statan"- hyperlipidemia meds
Q18: Lipids/Triglycerides/cholesterol/hyperlipidemia
labs associated
A: lipid profile blood test, troponins, LDL,HDL,triglycerides,
Q19: best way to combat hyperlipidemia
, A: avoid smoking, exercise, avoid fatty foods, eat healthier, lose weight
Q20: Lipoproteins
A: LDL(bad) , HDL(good)
Q21: Orthostatic Hypotension
A: can come from low blood volume (hypovolemia)
blood pressure drop when getting up from seated or lying position
caused by prolonged bed rest, certain medications and dehydration
age related impairment for elderly when in upright position
Q22: Pathophysiology of HTN
A: High BP --> vascular cellular proliferation and damages arterial walls --> thickening of
basement membrane of arteries --> permanent narrowing and poor perfusion out of
capillaries
Vascular remodeling increases vascular resistance
Renal sodium retention: may account for increased volume
Changes in endothelial function
Q23: RAAS
A: renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system- regulates BP
angiotensin 1 starts in lungs from renin
angiotensin 2 goes to brain
blood gets to kidney by afferent arteriole- juxtaglomeluar notices decrease in blood
pressure - releases renin
renin finds angiotensin to activate
renin- enzyme excreted by kidney
Q24: what regulates Smooth Muscle Cells in Heart
A: the parasympathetic system (autonomic nervous system) calcium, Ach
calcium helps contraction of heart
Q25: Venous Circulation
A: One-way valves to support blood flow to the heart
Q26: Virchow's Triad
A: Factors that increase risk of blood clot formation(DVT)
vessel wall injury, hypercoagulabity, venous stasis (blood can't flow properly)
vascular damage
Q27: Venous Stasis (blood can't move back up to the heart)Risk
Factors
University | UPDATED Questions with 100% Verified
Answers
Q1: Angiotensin II
A: Potent vasoconstrictor in the body
powerful vasoconstrictor of arterioles increase Na in DCT
releases ADH
Q2: contractions
A: ectopy - early contraction
PAC - premature atrial
PVC - premature ventricular
Q3: Blood Pressure
A: SBP, DBP, pulse pressure, cardiac output, peripheral vascular resistance
COxSVR=BP
need oxygen and nutrients for blood pressure
Q4: cardiac output
A: The volume of blood ejected from the left side of the heart in one minute.
amount of blood the heart pumps out
Q5: pulse pressure
A: difference between systolic and diastolic pressure
Q6: peripheral vascular resistance
A: The force exerted against the blood flow and is determined by the diameter of the
vessel. The lower the vascular resistance the less force is needed to eject the blood out
of the heart during systole.
Q7: SBP
A: Systolic blood pressure (top number)
Q8: DBP
A: Diastolic blood pressure (bottom number)
Q9: Edema
A: Swelling caused by fluid accumulation
can be anywhere in body lungs, legs, abdomen, brain
,caused by fluid retention mostly in feet and legs
elevate feet, take diuretics, movement, water, sodium intake, compression socks, losing
weight
Q10: Hypertension
A: higher than normal blood pressure
primary - idiopathic
secondary - direct cause, medication, cardiovascular diseases
the slilent killer - blurred vision, HA, chest pain, nose bleeds
Q11: Stage 1 HTN range
A: 140-159/90-99
Q12: Stage 2 HTN range
A: >160/>100
Q13: HTN crisis range
A: 180/120
Q14: Pre-Hypertensive BP range
A: Systolic: 120-139 mmHg
Diastolic: 80-89 mmHg
Q15: Afterload
A: The force or resistance against which the heart pumps.
Q16: Hypertensive BP levels
A: 140/90 or greater
Q17: Hyperlipidemia
A: LDL high, HDL low
blood has too many fats (lipid)
HMGC inhibiter - medication
"statan"- hyperlipidemia meds
Q18: Lipids/Triglycerides/cholesterol/hyperlipidemia
labs associated
A: lipid profile blood test, troponins, LDL,HDL,triglycerides,
Q19: best way to combat hyperlipidemia
, A: avoid smoking, exercise, avoid fatty foods, eat healthier, lose weight
Q20: Lipoproteins
A: LDL(bad) , HDL(good)
Q21: Orthostatic Hypotension
A: can come from low blood volume (hypovolemia)
blood pressure drop when getting up from seated or lying position
caused by prolonged bed rest, certain medications and dehydration
age related impairment for elderly when in upright position
Q22: Pathophysiology of HTN
A: High BP --> vascular cellular proliferation and damages arterial walls --> thickening of
basement membrane of arteries --> permanent narrowing and poor perfusion out of
capillaries
Vascular remodeling increases vascular resistance
Renal sodium retention: may account for increased volume
Changes in endothelial function
Q23: RAAS
A: renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system- regulates BP
angiotensin 1 starts in lungs from renin
angiotensin 2 goes to brain
blood gets to kidney by afferent arteriole- juxtaglomeluar notices decrease in blood
pressure - releases renin
renin finds angiotensin to activate
renin- enzyme excreted by kidney
Q24: what regulates Smooth Muscle Cells in Heart
A: the parasympathetic system (autonomic nervous system) calcium, Ach
calcium helps contraction of heart
Q25: Venous Circulation
A: One-way valves to support blood flow to the heart
Q26: Virchow's Triad
A: Factors that increase risk of blood clot formation(DVT)
vessel wall injury, hypercoagulabity, venous stasis (blood can't flow properly)
vascular damage
Q27: Venous Stasis (blood can't move back up to the heart)Risk
Factors
