BIOS 251 Exam 2 Test Bank | Complete UPDATED ACTUAL Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers for Exam Success Graded A+
100% Pass Guaranteed
Question 1.
Hemostasis .
Answer: System for stopping bleeding
Players:
Platelets
Fibrinogen
Procoagulants
-Proteins(In plasma, from platelets)
Anticoagulants
-Prevent uncontrolled coagulation
Question 2.
Platelets .
Answer: Cell fragments
-From megakaryocytes
No nucleus
Some organelles
-Granules
-Vesicles with hemostatic chemicals -Lysosomes
Question 3.
What can platelets do? .
Answer: Can:
Crawl
Pseudopods
Stick together (clots)
Dissolve clots
Secrete
Fight infection
Question 4.
Hemostasis: Steps .
Answer: Injury to vessel
Vascular spasm
Platelet plug formation
Clot forms
,Question 5.
Vascular Spasm .
Answer: Vasoconstriction
Caused by:
Nerve impulses (Short-term)
Vasoconstrictors (Chemicals)
Ex) Serotonin
-From platelets
Question 6.
Platelet Plug Formation:Upon activation .
Answer: Grow pseudopods -Crawling
-Adhesion
-Contraction
Degranulation
-Release chemicals
~Vasoconstrictors ,Platelet activators, Procoagulants
Question 7.
Platelet Plug Formation .
Answer: Platelets
Do NOT stick to endothelium
DO stick to collagen
Damage → exposed collagen
Sticking to collagen
(or other platelets)→Platelet Activation
Question 8.
Coagulation .
Answer: Platelet plug
Not a clot (yet)
Loose
Weak
Clot formation
-Main event: fibrin formation Note: RBCs help Passively
Question 9.
Purpose: Fibrin Formation .
Answer: Complicated process
Fibrin: like spider web
-Catches more platelets & RBCs
,Prthrombin→Thrombin→Fibrinogen→Fibrin→clot
Question 10.
Thrombin .
Answer: Prothrombin
-Inactive form
Thrombin = Enzyme
Fibrinogen → Fibrin
Chops pieces off
Question 11.
Fibrin formation .
Answer: Fibrinogen → fibrin
Pieces chopped off
By thrombin
Fibrin proteins polymerize
make fibers
Question 12.
Coagulation cascade .
Answer: Series of reactions
-Reaction cascade Reactants
-Proteins
-Already in plasma
-OR Released
~Especially by platelets
Question 13.
Coagulation cascade:2 activation paths .
Answer: Extrinsic
Started by molecules released by damage
Intrinsic
Started by activated platelets
Question 14.
What is needed for coagulation? .
Answer: Ca++
, Question 15.
EDTA .
Answer: Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
Binds metal ions
ex)
Pb = lead
Chelation therapy
For lead poisoning
gets lead out of blood
• EDTA = Anticoagulant . Answer: EDTA
-Binds Ca++
Prevents coagulation
Question 16.
Blood Collection Tubes .
Answer: EDTA pre-added
-Blocks coagulation cascade
-Not all tubes
Alternatives
-Heparin
-Clot activators
-Nothing added
Question 17.
DVT .
Answer: Deep Vein Thrombosis
Clot forms in vein
-No injury
Causes
Clotting disorders
Sitting still too long
Clot → Pulmonary embolism
• Circulation . Answer: Systemic circulation
Supplies body and organs
Pulmonary circulation
Supplies lungs
Red = oxygenated blood
Blue= deoxygenated blood
Question 18.
The Reason for 2 Sides of heart .
Questions and CORRECT Answers for Exam Success Graded A+
100% Pass Guaranteed
Question 1.
Hemostasis .
Answer: System for stopping bleeding
Players:
Platelets
Fibrinogen
Procoagulants
-Proteins(In plasma, from platelets)
Anticoagulants
-Prevent uncontrolled coagulation
Question 2.
Platelets .
Answer: Cell fragments
-From megakaryocytes
No nucleus
Some organelles
-Granules
-Vesicles with hemostatic chemicals -Lysosomes
Question 3.
What can platelets do? .
Answer: Can:
Crawl
Pseudopods
Stick together (clots)
Dissolve clots
Secrete
Fight infection
Question 4.
Hemostasis: Steps .
Answer: Injury to vessel
Vascular spasm
Platelet plug formation
Clot forms
,Question 5.
Vascular Spasm .
Answer: Vasoconstriction
Caused by:
Nerve impulses (Short-term)
Vasoconstrictors (Chemicals)
Ex) Serotonin
-From platelets
Question 6.
Platelet Plug Formation:Upon activation .
Answer: Grow pseudopods -Crawling
-Adhesion
-Contraction
Degranulation
-Release chemicals
~Vasoconstrictors ,Platelet activators, Procoagulants
Question 7.
Platelet Plug Formation .
Answer: Platelets
Do NOT stick to endothelium
DO stick to collagen
Damage → exposed collagen
Sticking to collagen
(or other platelets)→Platelet Activation
Question 8.
Coagulation .
Answer: Platelet plug
Not a clot (yet)
Loose
Weak
Clot formation
-Main event: fibrin formation Note: RBCs help Passively
Question 9.
Purpose: Fibrin Formation .
Answer: Complicated process
Fibrin: like spider web
-Catches more platelets & RBCs
,Prthrombin→Thrombin→Fibrinogen→Fibrin→clot
Question 10.
Thrombin .
Answer: Prothrombin
-Inactive form
Thrombin = Enzyme
Fibrinogen → Fibrin
Chops pieces off
Question 11.
Fibrin formation .
Answer: Fibrinogen → fibrin
Pieces chopped off
By thrombin
Fibrin proteins polymerize
make fibers
Question 12.
Coagulation cascade .
Answer: Series of reactions
-Reaction cascade Reactants
-Proteins
-Already in plasma
-OR Released
~Especially by platelets
Question 13.
Coagulation cascade:2 activation paths .
Answer: Extrinsic
Started by molecules released by damage
Intrinsic
Started by activated platelets
Question 14.
What is needed for coagulation? .
Answer: Ca++
, Question 15.
EDTA .
Answer: Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
Binds metal ions
ex)
Pb = lead
Chelation therapy
For lead poisoning
gets lead out of blood
• EDTA = Anticoagulant . Answer: EDTA
-Binds Ca++
Prevents coagulation
Question 16.
Blood Collection Tubes .
Answer: EDTA pre-added
-Blocks coagulation cascade
-Not all tubes
Alternatives
-Heparin
-Clot activators
-Nothing added
Question 17.
DVT .
Answer: Deep Vein Thrombosis
Clot forms in vein
-No injury
Causes
Clotting disorders
Sitting still too long
Clot → Pulmonary embolism
• Circulation . Answer: Systemic circulation
Supplies body and organs
Pulmonary circulation
Supplies lungs
Red = oxygenated blood
Blue= deoxygenated blood
Question 18.
The Reason for 2 Sides of heart .
