BSC2011 Unit 1 Test FSU Dr. Kraft | Florida State
University | BSC 2011 | UPDATED Questions with 100%
Verified Answers
Q1: Objectives for the Unit
A: Just to keep in mind! :)
Lesson 1
1.)Describe how scientists use the words theory and hypothesis, and the relationship
between experiments and hypotheses.
2.)Articulate why scientific literacy is important to society.
3.)Distinguish two alternative hypotheses that could account for how cells become
differentiated during development.
Lesson 2
4.)Explain how Steward's carrot experiment and the nuclear transplantation experiment
support one of the alternative hypotheses accounting
for cell differentiation.
5.)Define totipotent and pluripotent and relate them to cloning and the potential use of
stem cells in medicine.
Lesson 3
6.)Describe the molecular processes guiding development, including cell signaling, gene
regulation, and DNA replication.
7.)Describe the cellular processes guiding development, including cell division, cell
differentiation, and morphogenesis.
8.)Explain how molecular processes like cytoplasmic determinants (CDs) and induction
guide cell differentiation.
Lesson 4
9.)List and describe the four stages of embryonic development, emphasizing the
importance and purpose of each.
10.)Describe the sequence of events for fertilization in a sea urchin, using the appropriate
terminology.
11.)Address how a newly fertilized egg cell resolves the issue of having too little DNA for
its protein production needs.
Lesson 5
12.)Compare and contrast cleavage among sea urchins, frogs, and chicks.
13.)Describe the steps in gastrulation, and compare gastrulation between triploblastic
and diploblastic animals.
14.)Describe the 3 embryonic germ layers, the tissues that arise from each, and their
locations in the gastrula of different species.
Lesson 6
15.)Describe the sequence of events in neurulation in a frog.
Q2: Science
A: A "way of knowing," an approach to understanding the natural world. This focus on the
natural world means that science is limited and not relevant to all issues. Science is also
the investigation of rational concepts that can be related by observation and
,experimentation.
Q3: At the heart of science is...
A: Inquiry!
Q4: Inquiry
A: The search for information and explanation of natural phenomenon
Q5: We can investigate concepts...
A: 1. Deductively (general -> specific) = predictions of results if a certain premise is correct
2. Inductively (specific -> general) = derived generalizations from a large number of
specific observations
Q6: Scientific Theory
A: An idea supported by evidence and hypotheses
A broad and well substantiated explanation from some aspect of the natural world that
is consistent with available evidence
Q7: Hypothesis
A: A testable statement
A proposed explanation for an observed phenomenon that is based on knowledge and
consistent with available evidence
Q8: Where does the mass of a tree come from?
A: Carbon in the air (through photosynthesis)
,Q9: What is needed to get from a single cell to a complex
multicellular organism?
A: 1. Mitosis/cellular division
2. DNA instructions (central dogma = DNA -> RNA -> Protein)
3. Cell differentiation
4. Morphogenesis
Q10: What is Cell differentiation?
A: The divergence in cellular structure and function as cells become specialized during
development
Q11: Two alternative hypotheses for cell differentiation
A: 1. Progressive loss of genetic material (Nuclear material is progressively lost until the cell
contains ONLY the material necessary for the function of the differentiated cell)
ie pages ripped out from a book
2. Differential expression of genetic material (NO nuclear material is lost. The mature cell
only expresses the material necessary to its specialized function)
ie pages in a book tapped up and not able to be accessed
, Q12: Progressive Loss vs Differential Expression Diagram
A:
Q13: Experiment
A: Designed to test a prediction of a hypothesis
Q14: Scientific Literacy
A: A person can ask, find, or determine answers to questions derived from curiosity about
everyday experiences
Q15: Steward's Carrot Experiment
A: Hypothesis: Single cells were taken from a carrot and the cells grew to an identical carrot
plant (clones)
Main Results: an identical carrot was produced from an original carrot
Which alternative hypothesis is best supported, and why? Differential expression of
genetic material because the genetic code was the same
University | BSC 2011 | UPDATED Questions with 100%
Verified Answers
Q1: Objectives for the Unit
A: Just to keep in mind! :)
Lesson 1
1.)Describe how scientists use the words theory and hypothesis, and the relationship
between experiments and hypotheses.
2.)Articulate why scientific literacy is important to society.
3.)Distinguish two alternative hypotheses that could account for how cells become
differentiated during development.
Lesson 2
4.)Explain how Steward's carrot experiment and the nuclear transplantation experiment
support one of the alternative hypotheses accounting
for cell differentiation.
5.)Define totipotent and pluripotent and relate them to cloning and the potential use of
stem cells in medicine.
Lesson 3
6.)Describe the molecular processes guiding development, including cell signaling, gene
regulation, and DNA replication.
7.)Describe the cellular processes guiding development, including cell division, cell
differentiation, and morphogenesis.
8.)Explain how molecular processes like cytoplasmic determinants (CDs) and induction
guide cell differentiation.
Lesson 4
9.)List and describe the four stages of embryonic development, emphasizing the
importance and purpose of each.
10.)Describe the sequence of events for fertilization in a sea urchin, using the appropriate
terminology.
11.)Address how a newly fertilized egg cell resolves the issue of having too little DNA for
its protein production needs.
Lesson 5
12.)Compare and contrast cleavage among sea urchins, frogs, and chicks.
13.)Describe the steps in gastrulation, and compare gastrulation between triploblastic
and diploblastic animals.
14.)Describe the 3 embryonic germ layers, the tissues that arise from each, and their
locations in the gastrula of different species.
Lesson 6
15.)Describe the sequence of events in neurulation in a frog.
Q2: Science
A: A "way of knowing," an approach to understanding the natural world. This focus on the
natural world means that science is limited and not relevant to all issues. Science is also
the investigation of rational concepts that can be related by observation and
,experimentation.
Q3: At the heart of science is...
A: Inquiry!
Q4: Inquiry
A: The search for information and explanation of natural phenomenon
Q5: We can investigate concepts...
A: 1. Deductively (general -> specific) = predictions of results if a certain premise is correct
2. Inductively (specific -> general) = derived generalizations from a large number of
specific observations
Q6: Scientific Theory
A: An idea supported by evidence and hypotheses
A broad and well substantiated explanation from some aspect of the natural world that
is consistent with available evidence
Q7: Hypothesis
A: A testable statement
A proposed explanation for an observed phenomenon that is based on knowledge and
consistent with available evidence
Q8: Where does the mass of a tree come from?
A: Carbon in the air (through photosynthesis)
,Q9: What is needed to get from a single cell to a complex
multicellular organism?
A: 1. Mitosis/cellular division
2. DNA instructions (central dogma = DNA -> RNA -> Protein)
3. Cell differentiation
4. Morphogenesis
Q10: What is Cell differentiation?
A: The divergence in cellular structure and function as cells become specialized during
development
Q11: Two alternative hypotheses for cell differentiation
A: 1. Progressive loss of genetic material (Nuclear material is progressively lost until the cell
contains ONLY the material necessary for the function of the differentiated cell)
ie pages ripped out from a book
2. Differential expression of genetic material (NO nuclear material is lost. The mature cell
only expresses the material necessary to its specialized function)
ie pages in a book tapped up and not able to be accessed
, Q12: Progressive Loss vs Differential Expression Diagram
A:
Q13: Experiment
A: Designed to test a prediction of a hypothesis
Q14: Scientific Literacy
A: A person can ask, find, or determine answers to questions derived from curiosity about
everyday experiences
Q15: Steward's Carrot Experiment
A: Hypothesis: Single cells were taken from a carrot and the cells grew to an identical carrot
plant (clones)
Main Results: an identical carrot was produced from an original carrot
Which alternative hypothesis is best supported, and why? Differential expression of
genetic material because the genetic code was the same
