BIOD 210 Genetics Final UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers | A+ Verified | Latest Exam Prep
Question 1.
Life Cycle of the Cell
Correct Answer: G1-G0-G1-S-G2-Mitosis
Question 2.
G1
Correct Answer: Interphase growth period within the cell
Question 3.
G0
Correct Answer: Interphase rest period
Question 4.
S -✓✓Interphase period of DNA replication, contents of chromosomes double
Question 5.
G2
Correct Answer: Second phase of interphase growth
Question 6.
Molecular Structure of DNA
Correct Answer: DNA, also called Deoxyribose nucleic acid, is an anti-parallel
double helix composed of nucleotides.
Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a 5 carbon sugar group, and a
nitrogen base (A,G,C,T)
Nucleotides are attached together to form two long strands that spiral to
create a structure called a double helix. If you think of the double helix
structure as a ladder, the phosphate and sugar molecules would be the sides,
held together by phosphodiester bonds, while the bases would be the rungs.
The bases on one strand pair with the bases on another strand: A pairs with T,
and G pairs with C, forming the DNA molecule.
A and T are held together by 2 hydrogen bonds while G and C are held
together by 3
Question 7.
Molecular Structure of RNA
,Correct Answer: The structure of RNA is made up of three components, one of
which is a five-carbon sugar called ribose sugar. One of the carbons of the
ribose sugar is attached to a nitrogenous base, which is A,G,C, or U. Another
of the carbons of the ribose sugar is attached to the phosphate group. Yet
another carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group. What makes RNA different
from DNA is that it uses Uracil instead of Thymine and it has an OH group on
the 2' carbon instead of the plain H that DNA has.
Question 8.
Deoxyribose sugar of DNA compared to Ribose sugar of RNA
Correct Answer: http://www.mun.ca/biology/scarr/iGen3_02-07_Figure-L.jpg
Question 9.
Mitosis
Correct Answer: The devision of a mother and daughter cell into genetically
identical cells. Prophase-Prometaphase-Metaphase-Anaphase-Telophase
Question 10.
Prophase
Correct Answer: Chromosomes are condensed
Question 11.
Prometaphase
Correct Answer: Nuclear envelope dissolves
Question 12.
Meselson and Stahl
Correct Answer: Meselson and Stahl's experiment tested which model of DNA,
i.e., the conservative, semi-conservative, and dispersive models, was correct.
They grew Ecoli in N^15. They then took the N^15 and put it into N^14
medium and allowed DNA replication to take place. They took samples, spliced
them, spun them in a centrifuge, and viewed which layers emerged because
N^15 was heavier than N^14. They saw that there wasn't just a band for N^15
and N^14, but a half dark, half light band. This threw the conservative model
out. After the second generation went by there was an equal distribution of
half light and half dark bands.
The Semi-Conservative model of DNA was supported by this.
, Question 13.
Conservative Model
Correct Answer: Every time a new molecule of DNA is produced it is
completely brand new (brand new molecule)
Question 14.
Semi-conservative Model
Correct Answer: Each strand of DNA becomes integrated with a new strand
into a new double helix (half old molecule and half new)
Question 15.
Dispersive Model
Correct Answer: Both original strands of DNA become interspersed throughout
the new model (unequal proportions of new DNA to old DNA)
Question 16.
Metaphase
Correct Answer: Chromosomes align along the middle of the cell
• Chargaff's Rules -✓✓A and T are always in the same abundance.
G and C are always in the same abundance.
Different species have different %AT vs %GC
Question 17.
Anaphase
Correct Answer: Chromosomes are pulled apart, pulling two identical daughter
chromosomes to each end of the cell
Question 18.
Avery Experiment
Correct Answer: Determined what material contains genetic material by
extracting protein, DNA, and RNA from IIIS cells through heating. Conducted
four experiments where all material was added to vials of IIR cells.
1. All material added (protean, RNA, DNA). IIR and IIIS cells present because of
transformation of genetic material.
2. Treated with protease, only DNA and RNA were active. IIR and IIIS cells
were present.
3. Treated with ribonuclease, only DNA and protein were active. IIR and IIIS
cells were present.
4. Treated with deoxyribonuclease. RNA and protein were active. ONLY IIR
CELLS WERE PRESENT.
CORRECT Answers | A+ Verified | Latest Exam Prep
Question 1.
Life Cycle of the Cell
Correct Answer: G1-G0-G1-S-G2-Mitosis
Question 2.
G1
Correct Answer: Interphase growth period within the cell
Question 3.
G0
Correct Answer: Interphase rest period
Question 4.
S -✓✓Interphase period of DNA replication, contents of chromosomes double
Question 5.
G2
Correct Answer: Second phase of interphase growth
Question 6.
Molecular Structure of DNA
Correct Answer: DNA, also called Deoxyribose nucleic acid, is an anti-parallel
double helix composed of nucleotides.
Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a 5 carbon sugar group, and a
nitrogen base (A,G,C,T)
Nucleotides are attached together to form two long strands that spiral to
create a structure called a double helix. If you think of the double helix
structure as a ladder, the phosphate and sugar molecules would be the sides,
held together by phosphodiester bonds, while the bases would be the rungs.
The bases on one strand pair with the bases on another strand: A pairs with T,
and G pairs with C, forming the DNA molecule.
A and T are held together by 2 hydrogen bonds while G and C are held
together by 3
Question 7.
Molecular Structure of RNA
,Correct Answer: The structure of RNA is made up of three components, one of
which is a five-carbon sugar called ribose sugar. One of the carbons of the
ribose sugar is attached to a nitrogenous base, which is A,G,C, or U. Another
of the carbons of the ribose sugar is attached to the phosphate group. Yet
another carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group. What makes RNA different
from DNA is that it uses Uracil instead of Thymine and it has an OH group on
the 2' carbon instead of the plain H that DNA has.
Question 8.
Deoxyribose sugar of DNA compared to Ribose sugar of RNA
Correct Answer: http://www.mun.ca/biology/scarr/iGen3_02-07_Figure-L.jpg
Question 9.
Mitosis
Correct Answer: The devision of a mother and daughter cell into genetically
identical cells. Prophase-Prometaphase-Metaphase-Anaphase-Telophase
Question 10.
Prophase
Correct Answer: Chromosomes are condensed
Question 11.
Prometaphase
Correct Answer: Nuclear envelope dissolves
Question 12.
Meselson and Stahl
Correct Answer: Meselson and Stahl's experiment tested which model of DNA,
i.e., the conservative, semi-conservative, and dispersive models, was correct.
They grew Ecoli in N^15. They then took the N^15 and put it into N^14
medium and allowed DNA replication to take place. They took samples, spliced
them, spun them in a centrifuge, and viewed which layers emerged because
N^15 was heavier than N^14. They saw that there wasn't just a band for N^15
and N^14, but a half dark, half light band. This threw the conservative model
out. After the second generation went by there was an equal distribution of
half light and half dark bands.
The Semi-Conservative model of DNA was supported by this.
, Question 13.
Conservative Model
Correct Answer: Every time a new molecule of DNA is produced it is
completely brand new (brand new molecule)
Question 14.
Semi-conservative Model
Correct Answer: Each strand of DNA becomes integrated with a new strand
into a new double helix (half old molecule and half new)
Question 15.
Dispersive Model
Correct Answer: Both original strands of DNA become interspersed throughout
the new model (unequal proportions of new DNA to old DNA)
Question 16.
Metaphase
Correct Answer: Chromosomes align along the middle of the cell
• Chargaff's Rules -✓✓A and T are always in the same abundance.
G and C are always in the same abundance.
Different species have different %AT vs %GC
Question 17.
Anaphase
Correct Answer: Chromosomes are pulled apart, pulling two identical daughter
chromosomes to each end of the cell
Question 18.
Avery Experiment
Correct Answer: Determined what material contains genetic material by
extracting protein, DNA, and RNA from IIIS cells through heating. Conducted
four experiments where all material was added to vials of IIR cells.
1. All material added (protean, RNA, DNA). IIR and IIIS cells present because of
transformation of genetic material.
2. Treated with protease, only DNA and RNA were active. IIR and IIIS cells
were present.
3. Treated with ribonuclease, only DNA and protein were active. IIR and IIIS
cells were present.
4. Treated with deoxyribonuclease. RNA and protein were active. ONLY IIR
CELLS WERE PRESENT.
