1
Resources: EC/NOVEMBER 2022, EC/NOVEMBER 2023, EC/NOVEMBER 2020, @SACAI NOV 2021, @SACAI NOV 2020 & @SACAI NOV 2024.
These notes focus on the Grade 11 Agricultural Sciences content assessed in the November
Paper 2 examination. They include key concepts, subject terminology and selected questions
from previous examination papers to show how the content may be assessed.
The November examination covers work completed throughout the year. These notes must
therefore be used together with the relevant Term 1, Term 2 and Term 3 notes. Revision
references are provided under each section to indicate where related content has already been
covered.
Use these notes to revise important concepts, practise interpreting diagrams and data, and
prepare clear, scientifically correct answers.
If you do not have the relevant term notes, request them from Juffrou Ansie at
.
Good luck
Juffrou Ansie
CONTENTS
PRECISION FARMING 3
PLANT REPRODUCTION 7
LAND TILLAGE 10
CROP ROTATION 13
© 2026 Juffrou Ansie Study Notes. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or distributed without written permission.
, 2
SOIL SURVEY 19
IRRIGATION SYSTEMS 20
EVAPORATION AND EVAPOTRANSPIRATION 23
AQUACULTURE 23
Precision farming Farmers can save on the cost of fertilization.
Stone drains Recommended for clay soil.
Concentration Molecules move from a region of higher concentration to a region
gradient of lower concentration.
Chlorosis Yellowing of plant tissue due to a chlorophyll deficiency.
Xylem Thin capillary vessels in which the water rises spontaneously.
Adhesion The force of attraction between two different molecules.
Crust breakers Curled tooth implements (Old-fashioned).
Energy Released during oxidation of glucose.
Abalone The highest-income aquaculture species farmed in South Africa.
Open flow system Aquaculture production system placed in the sea or dams.
Irrigation schedule Management tool to determine the correct frequency and
amount of water to apply to a crop.
Autotrophic Plants can sustain themselves by producing their own food.
Soil drainage The drying up of excess or unwanted surface or groundwater by
artificially draining it with canals, underground pipes, and ditches
filled with stones.
Plasmolysis The loss of water from a plant.
Pathogens Microorganisms that cause plant diseases.
Single fertiliser Single fertilizer contains only one of the important mineral
elements: nitrogen, potassium or phosphorus.
Mulch tillage All plant residues during cultivation are kept on the soil surface.
© 2026 Juffrou Ansie Study Notes. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or distributed without written permission.
, 3
No-tillage The seeds are planted in the soil with minimal disturbance to the
soil surface.
Strip processing Land is divided into strips. Some strips are cultivated, and others
are left with natural vegetation.
Precision farming Precision farming is a concept of farming management based on
observing, measuring and responding to any changes in crops.
Secondary tillage Soil preparation that is done to break up clods in soil into a fine
seedbed is considered secondary tillage.
Evaporation pan A special flat container, filled with a fixed amount of water, used
to measure the rate of water loss.
Tensiometer A tensiometer measures how hard a plant has to work to extract
water from the soil.
PRECISION FARMING
Precision farming is an emerging component of farming. With the increasing population
and demands, it has become essential to be more productive and efficient. @SACAI NOV 2024
The basic principle of precision farming
Farmers can now cultivate their farms by cultivating every square meter
© 2026 Juffrou Ansie Study Notes. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or distributed without written permission.
Resources: EC/NOVEMBER 2022, EC/NOVEMBER 2023, EC/NOVEMBER 2020, @SACAI NOV 2021, @SACAI NOV 2020 & @SACAI NOV 2024.
These notes focus on the Grade 11 Agricultural Sciences content assessed in the November
Paper 2 examination. They include key concepts, subject terminology and selected questions
from previous examination papers to show how the content may be assessed.
The November examination covers work completed throughout the year. These notes must
therefore be used together with the relevant Term 1, Term 2 and Term 3 notes. Revision
references are provided under each section to indicate where related content has already been
covered.
Use these notes to revise important concepts, practise interpreting diagrams and data, and
prepare clear, scientifically correct answers.
If you do not have the relevant term notes, request them from Juffrou Ansie at
.
Good luck
Juffrou Ansie
CONTENTS
PRECISION FARMING 3
PLANT REPRODUCTION 7
LAND TILLAGE 10
CROP ROTATION 13
© 2026 Juffrou Ansie Study Notes. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or distributed without written permission.
, 2
SOIL SURVEY 19
IRRIGATION SYSTEMS 20
EVAPORATION AND EVAPOTRANSPIRATION 23
AQUACULTURE 23
Precision farming Farmers can save on the cost of fertilization.
Stone drains Recommended for clay soil.
Concentration Molecules move from a region of higher concentration to a region
gradient of lower concentration.
Chlorosis Yellowing of plant tissue due to a chlorophyll deficiency.
Xylem Thin capillary vessels in which the water rises spontaneously.
Adhesion The force of attraction between two different molecules.
Crust breakers Curled tooth implements (Old-fashioned).
Energy Released during oxidation of glucose.
Abalone The highest-income aquaculture species farmed in South Africa.
Open flow system Aquaculture production system placed in the sea or dams.
Irrigation schedule Management tool to determine the correct frequency and
amount of water to apply to a crop.
Autotrophic Plants can sustain themselves by producing their own food.
Soil drainage The drying up of excess or unwanted surface or groundwater by
artificially draining it with canals, underground pipes, and ditches
filled with stones.
Plasmolysis The loss of water from a plant.
Pathogens Microorganisms that cause plant diseases.
Single fertiliser Single fertilizer contains only one of the important mineral
elements: nitrogen, potassium or phosphorus.
Mulch tillage All plant residues during cultivation are kept on the soil surface.
© 2026 Juffrou Ansie Study Notes. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or distributed without written permission.
, 3
No-tillage The seeds are planted in the soil with minimal disturbance to the
soil surface.
Strip processing Land is divided into strips. Some strips are cultivated, and others
are left with natural vegetation.
Precision farming Precision farming is a concept of farming management based on
observing, measuring and responding to any changes in crops.
Secondary tillage Soil preparation that is done to break up clods in soil into a fine
seedbed is considered secondary tillage.
Evaporation pan A special flat container, filled with a fixed amount of water, used
to measure the rate of water loss.
Tensiometer A tensiometer measures how hard a plant has to work to extract
water from the soil.
PRECISION FARMING
Precision farming is an emerging component of farming. With the increasing population
and demands, it has become essential to be more productive and efficient. @SACAI NOV 2024
The basic principle of precision farming
Farmers can now cultivate their farms by cultivating every square meter
© 2026 Juffrou Ansie Study Notes. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or distributed without written permission.
