BIO 253 EXAM 3 HONDROS UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS VERIFIED 2027 EDITION
1. The mechanism that produces pulmonary ventilation is one that establishes a gas pressure
gradient between the
atmosphere and the alveolar air. Correct
2. Pressure gradients are established by changes in the
thoracic cavity. Correct
3. _____ law states that the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure.
Boyle's
4. During inspiration, as the size of the thorax increases, the
intrapleural and alveolar pressures decrease. Correct
5. The ability of the lungs and thorax to stretch is referred to as
compliance. Correct
6. An obstructive lung disorder that is characterized by recurring spasms of the smooth muscles in
the wall of the bronchial air passages is
asthma. Correct
7. During the respiratory cycle, intrapleural pressure is always less than alveolar pressure. This
difference is called
transpulmonary pressure. Correct
8. The sensors that provide feedback information to the medullary rhythmicity area are the
central chemoreceptors and peripheral chemoreceptors. Correct
9. The apparatus used to measure the volume of air exchanged in breathing is called a(n)
spirometer. Correct
10. The basic rhythm of the respiratory cycle of inspiration and expiration seems to be generated by
the
medullary rhythmicity area. Correct
11. Which term refers to the volume of inspired air that actually reaches, or "ventilates," the alveoli?
alveolar ventilation Correct
12. The volume of air exhaled normally after a typical inspiration is called _____ volume.
tidal Correct
13. Hyperpnea means a(n)
increase in breathing. Correct
14. The _____ represents the largest volume of air an individual can move in and out of the lungs.
vital capacity Correct
15. The forced expiratory volume test can determine the presence of respiratory obstruction by
measuring the
volume of air expired per second during forced expiration. Correct
1
, 16. According to the law of partial pressures, the partial pressure of gas in a mixture of gases is
directly related to the concentration of that gas in the mixture and to the total pressure of the mixture.
Correct
17. Oxygen enters blood from alveolar air because the partial pressure of alveolar air is
greater than the partial pressure of incoming blood. Correct
18. The amount of oxygen that diffuses into blood each minute depends on which factor?
oxygen pressure gradient between alveolar air and incoming pulmonary blood total functional surface
area of the respiratory membrane respiratory minute volume alveolar ventilation
19. Which structural feature facilitates oxygen diffusion from the alveolar air into the blood in lung
capillaries?
The alveolar and capillary walls are both very thin. The alveolar and capillary surfaces are both extremely
large. The lung capillaries accommodate a large amount of blood at one time. Each red blood cell comes
close to alveolar air.
20. The exact amount of oxygen in blood depends mainly on the amount of
hemoglobin
21. In what form does oxygen travel in the blood?
dissolved oxygen in the plasma associated with hemoglobin
22. The compound formed when carbon dioxide combines with hemoglobin is
carbaminohemoglobin. Correct
23. When carbon dioxide dissolves in water, some of the carbon dioxide molecules associate with
water to form
carbonic acid. Correct
24. The exit of the bicarbonate ion from the red blood cell is balanced by the inward transport of
another negative ion, chloride. This countertransport of negative ions is often called the _____ shift.
chloride Correct
25. An increase in carbon dioxide in the blood causes
a drop in pH in the blood. Correct
26. A right shift of the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve due to increased partial pressure of
carbon dioxide is also known as
the Bohr effect. Correct
27. Which oxygen-binding protein helps move oxygen out of the blood and into muscle cells?
myoglobin Correct
28. What variations exist in the body to temporarily store or carry oxygen?
neuroglobin myoglobin fetal hemoglobin
29. More than two-thirds of the carbon dioxide carried by blood is carried in the form of
bicarbonate ions. Correct
30. Gas exchange occurs only in the
alveoli
2
ANSWERS VERIFIED 2027 EDITION
1. The mechanism that produces pulmonary ventilation is one that establishes a gas pressure
gradient between the
atmosphere and the alveolar air. Correct
2. Pressure gradients are established by changes in the
thoracic cavity. Correct
3. _____ law states that the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure.
Boyle's
4. During inspiration, as the size of the thorax increases, the
intrapleural and alveolar pressures decrease. Correct
5. The ability of the lungs and thorax to stretch is referred to as
compliance. Correct
6. An obstructive lung disorder that is characterized by recurring spasms of the smooth muscles in
the wall of the bronchial air passages is
asthma. Correct
7. During the respiratory cycle, intrapleural pressure is always less than alveolar pressure. This
difference is called
transpulmonary pressure. Correct
8. The sensors that provide feedback information to the medullary rhythmicity area are the
central chemoreceptors and peripheral chemoreceptors. Correct
9. The apparatus used to measure the volume of air exchanged in breathing is called a(n)
spirometer. Correct
10. The basic rhythm of the respiratory cycle of inspiration and expiration seems to be generated by
the
medullary rhythmicity area. Correct
11. Which term refers to the volume of inspired air that actually reaches, or "ventilates," the alveoli?
alveolar ventilation Correct
12. The volume of air exhaled normally after a typical inspiration is called _____ volume.
tidal Correct
13. Hyperpnea means a(n)
increase in breathing. Correct
14. The _____ represents the largest volume of air an individual can move in and out of the lungs.
vital capacity Correct
15. The forced expiratory volume test can determine the presence of respiratory obstruction by
measuring the
volume of air expired per second during forced expiration. Correct
1
, 16. According to the law of partial pressures, the partial pressure of gas in a mixture of gases is
directly related to the concentration of that gas in the mixture and to the total pressure of the mixture.
Correct
17. Oxygen enters blood from alveolar air because the partial pressure of alveolar air is
greater than the partial pressure of incoming blood. Correct
18. The amount of oxygen that diffuses into blood each minute depends on which factor?
oxygen pressure gradient between alveolar air and incoming pulmonary blood total functional surface
area of the respiratory membrane respiratory minute volume alveolar ventilation
19. Which structural feature facilitates oxygen diffusion from the alveolar air into the blood in lung
capillaries?
The alveolar and capillary walls are both very thin. The alveolar and capillary surfaces are both extremely
large. The lung capillaries accommodate a large amount of blood at one time. Each red blood cell comes
close to alveolar air.
20. The exact amount of oxygen in blood depends mainly on the amount of
hemoglobin
21. In what form does oxygen travel in the blood?
dissolved oxygen in the plasma associated with hemoglobin
22. The compound formed when carbon dioxide combines with hemoglobin is
carbaminohemoglobin. Correct
23. When carbon dioxide dissolves in water, some of the carbon dioxide molecules associate with
water to form
carbonic acid. Correct
24. The exit of the bicarbonate ion from the red blood cell is balanced by the inward transport of
another negative ion, chloride. This countertransport of negative ions is often called the _____ shift.
chloride Correct
25. An increase in carbon dioxide in the blood causes
a drop in pH in the blood. Correct
26. A right shift of the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve due to increased partial pressure of
carbon dioxide is also known as
the Bohr effect. Correct
27. Which oxygen-binding protein helps move oxygen out of the blood and into muscle cells?
myoglobin Correct
28. What variations exist in the body to temporarily store or carry oxygen?
neuroglobin myoglobin fetal hemoglobin
29. More than two-thirds of the carbon dioxide carried by blood is carried in the form of
bicarbonate ions. Correct
30. Gas exchange occurs only in the
alveoli
2
