COMPREHENSIVE DENTAL SLEEP MEDICINE
DISORDERS, OSA, AND ORAL AP PLIANCE THERAPY
UPDATED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. What promotes airway pa-tency and stability in sleep apnea?
Answer:
Increased lung volume.
Question:
2. What sleep-related breathing disorder can oral appliance therapy successfully treat?
Answer:
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
Question:
3. What is true about OSA and hypertension?
Answer:
Untreated OSA is an independent risk factor for hypertension, likely due to intermittent hypoxia and
sympathetic overactivation.
Question:
4. What percentage of sleep dis-orders are estimated to be undiagnosed?
Answer:
More than 80%.
Question:
5. How do patients with sleep apnea maintain an open air-way during wakefulness?
Answer:
Increased muscle tone.
Question:
6. What does a typical adult type 1 in-lab sleep study record?
Answer:
Airflow, oxygen saturation, limb movement, and electrical cur-rents in the brain (EEG), but not
carbon dioxide levels.
Question:
7. What factors may contribute to insomnia?
Answer:
Chronic pain, depression, stress, and caffeine.
Question:
8. What is true about objec-tive testing for sleep-related breathing disorders?
Answer:
PSGs have fewer false positives than Home Sleep Apnea Tests (HSAT).
, Question:
9. What exacerbates sleep dis-ordered breathing?
Answer:
Muscle relaxants, heavy meals before bedtime, and alcohol use.
Question:
10. What does asking about sleep hours screen for?
Answer:
Insufficient sleep, insomnia, and circadian rhythm disorders, but not sleep-related breathing
disorders.
Question:
11. What is NOT a precipitating factor in hypoventilation or hypoxic syndromes?
Answer:
Coronary Artery Disease.
Question:
12. What might a PSG with 90 minutes desaturation time under 85% indicate?
Answer:
Comorbid hypoxic syndrome.
Question:
13. What is true about the bio-mechanical properties of the upper airway?
Answer:
Sleep apnea patients had more negative closing pressures.
Question:
14. What changes occur in adult sleep with increased age?
Answer:
Decrease in stage N3 and longer sleep onset latency (SOL).
Question:
15. Which pattern of tissue de-formation during mandibular advancement was NOT ob-served?
Answer:
Only the inferior posterior portion of the tongue moved forward.
Question:
16. What does the calculation for mean disease alleviation (MDA) appear graphically as?
Answer:
Adherence on one axis and effectiveness on the other.
Question:
17. What comparison is made be-tween CPAP and OAT?
Answer:
CPAP demonstrates greater polysomnographic efficacy but worse adherence.
DISORDERS, OSA, AND ORAL AP PLIANCE THERAPY
UPDATED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. What promotes airway pa-tency and stability in sleep apnea?
Answer:
Increased lung volume.
Question:
2. What sleep-related breathing disorder can oral appliance therapy successfully treat?
Answer:
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
Question:
3. What is true about OSA and hypertension?
Answer:
Untreated OSA is an independent risk factor for hypertension, likely due to intermittent hypoxia and
sympathetic overactivation.
Question:
4. What percentage of sleep dis-orders are estimated to be undiagnosed?
Answer:
More than 80%.
Question:
5. How do patients with sleep apnea maintain an open air-way during wakefulness?
Answer:
Increased muscle tone.
Question:
6. What does a typical adult type 1 in-lab sleep study record?
Answer:
Airflow, oxygen saturation, limb movement, and electrical cur-rents in the brain (EEG), but not
carbon dioxide levels.
Question:
7. What factors may contribute to insomnia?
Answer:
Chronic pain, depression, stress, and caffeine.
Question:
8. What is true about objec-tive testing for sleep-related breathing disorders?
Answer:
PSGs have fewer false positives than Home Sleep Apnea Tests (HSAT).
, Question:
9. What exacerbates sleep dis-ordered breathing?
Answer:
Muscle relaxants, heavy meals before bedtime, and alcohol use.
Question:
10. What does asking about sleep hours screen for?
Answer:
Insufficient sleep, insomnia, and circadian rhythm disorders, but not sleep-related breathing
disorders.
Question:
11. What is NOT a precipitating factor in hypoventilation or hypoxic syndromes?
Answer:
Coronary Artery Disease.
Question:
12. What might a PSG with 90 minutes desaturation time under 85% indicate?
Answer:
Comorbid hypoxic syndrome.
Question:
13. What is true about the bio-mechanical properties of the upper airway?
Answer:
Sleep apnea patients had more negative closing pressures.
Question:
14. What changes occur in adult sleep with increased age?
Answer:
Decrease in stage N3 and longer sleep onset latency (SOL).
Question:
15. Which pattern of tissue de-formation during mandibular advancement was NOT ob-served?
Answer:
Only the inferior posterior portion of the tongue moved forward.
Question:
16. What does the calculation for mean disease alleviation (MDA) appear graphically as?
Answer:
Adherence on one axis and effectiveness on the other.
Question:
17. What comparison is made be-tween CPAP and OAT?
Answer:
CPAP demonstrates greater polysomnographic efficacy but worse adherence.
