100% Correct Answers 2026/2027
Updated.
What are the three channels of communication? - Answer Auditory
Visual
Kinesthetic (touch)
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - Answer Physiological
Safety and Security
Love and Belonging
Self Esteem
Self Actualization
measurable outcome statements - Answer "SMART"
Specific
Measurable
Attainable
Realistic
Timely
Example: "The patient will demonstrate effective airway clearance by using effective coughing
and deep breathing techniques by end of shift"
HIPAA - Answer Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
phases of nursing process - Answer Assessment
Diagnosis
Outcome identification/Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
What are the 3 phases of a helping relationship? - Answer Orientation Phase
Working Phase
,Termination Phase
Five stages that medications go through after administration - Answer (ADME)
Liberation
Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion
Liberation - Answer Dosage form -> dissolved into body fluids
Usually takes about 30mins
Percutaneous route of administration - Answer Absorbed through the skin and mucous
membranes
-Inhalation
-Sublingual
-Topical
-Eye, ear, nose drops
Pharamacokinetics - Answer The study of how a drug is absorbed into the body, circulates
within the body, is changed by the body, and leaves the body
Gastrointestinal absorption is influenced by - Answer Gastric pH
Gastric emptying time
Enzymatic activity
Blood flow of mucous lining and intestines
Topical administration in infants is effective because - Answer Outer layer of skin (stratum
corneum) is not fully developed
Skin more fully hydrated; plastic diaper increases skin hydration
Inflammation (diaper rash) increases absorption
, What two factors does medication distribution depend on? - Answer Protein binding and lipid
solubility
Which organs receive medication more rapidly because of their extensive blood supply?
Which receive more slowly? - Answer Rapidly:
Brain, liver, kidneys, heart
Slowly:
Muscle, skin, fat
Metabolism - Answer the process whereby the body inactivates the drug, creating drug
metabolites
*enzyme systems of the liver are the primary sites for the metabolism of medications
Excretion sites - Answer 2 primary:
GI tract & kidneys
Secondary:
Skin, exhaled from lungs, saliva, breast milk
Peak level - Answer highest concentration of drug in plasma
Trough level - Answer lowest concentration of drug in blood
Pharmacodynamics - Answer what the drug does to the body
Generic name vs trade name - Answer Generic: not owned by a company, written in all lower
case letters
Trade: owned by a company, Capitalized with "registered" symbol, registered by the US patent
office & approved by FDA
Standing order - Answer given for a specific number of doses