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CHEM 103, Academic year 2026-2027 —
Complete Final Exam Study Material Questions
and Answers
Introduction
This document contains comprehensive CHEM 103 final-exam study
material covering states of matter, solutions, intermolecular forces,
concentration and colligative properties, chemical reactions,
equilibrium, kinetics, atomic structure, bonding, stoichiometry, gas
laws, acids and bases, buffers, titrations, and nuclear chemistry. It
is organized as precise definitions, formulas, reaction patterns,
laws, and examples intended for final-exam preparation.
Exam Questions and Answers
volatile substance --- correct precise answer ---substance that
readily evaporates at room temperature because of high vapor
pressure
boiling point --- correct precise answer ---the temperature at which
the vapor pressure of a liquid becomes equal to the atmospheric
pressure exerted on the liquid
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intermolecular force --- correct precise answer ---an attractive force
that acts between a molecule and another molecule
dipole-dipole --- correct precise answer ---between two polar
moleculespositive end of one attracts the negative end of another
london dispersion --- correct precise answer ---weak temporary
intermolecular forces that occur between polar and non polar
molecules
hydrogen bond --- correct precise answer ---strong dipole dipole
interaction between a hydrogen atom covalently bonding to a small,
very electronegative atom, F O N and a lone pair on another small
electronegative atom
surface tension --- correct precise answer ---directly related
intermolecular attraction between its molecules
greater H bonding, greater surface tension
crystallization --- correct precise answer ---formation of a solid
from a liquid
amorphous solid --- correct precise answer ---atoms have no set
pattern and arranged randomly
EX. Glass
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solution --- correct precise answer ---homogeneous mixture
solute + solvent
properties of solution --- correct precise answer ---1. distribution of
particles is uniform
2. components do not separate on standing
3. cant be separated by filtration
4. many compositions with the same solute and solvent
5. almost always transparent6. can be separated into pure
components
solubility --- correct precise answer ---maximum amount of solute
that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent
solids and liquids - increase temperature
gases - cold liquid with high pressure
Henry's Law --- correct precise answer ---solubility of a gas in a
liquid is directly proportional to the pressure
Unsaturated --- correct precise answer ---contains less than
maximum amount of solute
Saturated --- correct precise answer ---contains the maximum
amount of solute that can dissolve in the solvent
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Super saturated --- correct precise answer ---an unstable solution
which temporarily contains more solute than at normal conditions
aqueous solution --- correct precise answer ---water is the solvent
non aqueous --- correct precise answer ---any solution where the
water isnt the solvent
solubility rule --- correct precise answer ---guide line of the
solubility of ionic compounds in water
all nitrates and group 1A are soluble
concentrated solution --- correct precise answer ---contains large
amount of solute to solvent
dilute solution --- correct precise answer ---small amount of a solute
to a large amount of solvent
concentration --- correct precise answer ---the amount of solute
present in a specified amount of solution
% by mass --- correct precise answer ---%(m/m) = mass of solute/
mass of solution x 100
% by volume --- correct precise answer ---%(v/v)= volume of
solute/volume of solution x 100
CHEM 103, Academic year 2026-2027 —
Complete Final Exam Study Material Questions
and Answers
Introduction
This document contains comprehensive CHEM 103 final-exam study
material covering states of matter, solutions, intermolecular forces,
concentration and colligative properties, chemical reactions,
equilibrium, kinetics, atomic structure, bonding, stoichiometry, gas
laws, acids and bases, buffers, titrations, and nuclear chemistry. It
is organized as precise definitions, formulas, reaction patterns,
laws, and examples intended for final-exam preparation.
Exam Questions and Answers
volatile substance --- correct precise answer ---substance that
readily evaporates at room temperature because of high vapor
pressure
boiling point --- correct precise answer ---the temperature at which
the vapor pressure of a liquid becomes equal to the atmospheric
pressure exerted on the liquid
,Page 2 of 41
intermolecular force --- correct precise answer ---an attractive force
that acts between a molecule and another molecule
dipole-dipole --- correct precise answer ---between two polar
moleculespositive end of one attracts the negative end of another
london dispersion --- correct precise answer ---weak temporary
intermolecular forces that occur between polar and non polar
molecules
hydrogen bond --- correct precise answer ---strong dipole dipole
interaction between a hydrogen atom covalently bonding to a small,
very electronegative atom, F O N and a lone pair on another small
electronegative atom
surface tension --- correct precise answer ---directly related
intermolecular attraction between its molecules
greater H bonding, greater surface tension
crystallization --- correct precise answer ---formation of a solid
from a liquid
amorphous solid --- correct precise answer ---atoms have no set
pattern and arranged randomly
EX. Glass
,Page 3 of 41
solution --- correct precise answer ---homogeneous mixture
solute + solvent
properties of solution --- correct precise answer ---1. distribution of
particles is uniform
2. components do not separate on standing
3. cant be separated by filtration
4. many compositions with the same solute and solvent
5. almost always transparent6. can be separated into pure
components
solubility --- correct precise answer ---maximum amount of solute
that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent
solids and liquids - increase temperature
gases - cold liquid with high pressure
Henry's Law --- correct precise answer ---solubility of a gas in a
liquid is directly proportional to the pressure
Unsaturated --- correct precise answer ---contains less than
maximum amount of solute
Saturated --- correct precise answer ---contains the maximum
amount of solute that can dissolve in the solvent
, Page 4 of 41
Super saturated --- correct precise answer ---an unstable solution
which temporarily contains more solute than at normal conditions
aqueous solution --- correct precise answer ---water is the solvent
non aqueous --- correct precise answer ---any solution where the
water isnt the solvent
solubility rule --- correct precise answer ---guide line of the
solubility of ionic compounds in water
all nitrates and group 1A are soluble
concentrated solution --- correct precise answer ---contains large
amount of solute to solvent
dilute solution --- correct precise answer ---small amount of a solute
to a large amount of solvent
concentration --- correct precise answer ---the amount of solute
present in a specified amount of solution
% by mass --- correct precise answer ---%(m/m) = mass of solute/
mass of solution x 100
% by volume --- correct precise answer ---%(v/v)= volume of
solute/volume of solution x 100
