NUR215 - EXAM 3 Study Guide
Module 7- Nutrition
Assess the client's nutritional status
- BMI
- Assess what they eat daily
We get energy from
- carbs and processes into sugar (glucose)
- Protein to build muscles (amino acids) = animal products,
Dietary recestitions: eggs and soy
- Lipids: fat (thermoregulation)
Fat-soluble vitamins:
Vitamin A
Function: Night/color vision, healthy skin, cell growth, growth of skeletal and soft tissues,
and reproduction.
- Females: 700 mcg/day 14 & up
- Males 900 mcg/day
Sources: Fish liver oil, butter, cream, egg yolk, yellow fruit, green leafy veggies
Effects of deficiency: night blindness, xerosis, xerophthalmia, keratomalacia, skin lesions
Vitamin D
Function: Regulates blood calium levels, Regulates rate of deposit and resorption of
calcium in bone.
- 600 IU/day ages 1-70 & 800 IU/day after 71
Sources: Fish liver oil, fish, sunlight exposure
Effects of deficiency: Bone and muscle pain, weakness, softening of bone, fractures,
rickets
Vitamin E
Function: Antioxidant protects RBC and muscle tissue cells
- 15 mg/day aged 14+ years
Sources: Veggie oils, nuts, milk, eggs, muscle meats, fish, wheat and rice germ, green
leafy veggies.
,Effects of deficiency: Hyporeflexia, ataxia, hemolytic anemia, myopathy
Vitamin K
Function: Synthesis of clotting factors, Bone development
- Females: 90 mcg/day (AI), aged 19+ years
- Males: 120 mcg/day (AI), aged 19+ years
Sources: Green leafy vegetables, liver (Intestinal bacteria synthesize a form of vitamin K,
so deficiency is unlikely.
Effects of Deficiency: Increased bleeding
●Excesses fat: stored in liver and skeletal muscle
●Stay recommend amounts or else = Toxic levels
Water soluble vitamins
Thiamin (B1)
Function: Cellular metabolism (producing energy from glucose and storing energy as fat) ,
Nervous system function, GI system function, Cardiovascular system function
- Females: 1.1 mg/day, aged 19+ years
- Males: 1.2 mg/day, aged 14+ years
Sources: Whole-grain enriched cereal, beef, pork, liver, peas, beans, nuts
Effects of Deficiency: Peripheral neuritis, loss of muscle strength, depression, memory
loss, anorexia, constipation, dyspnea, decreased alertness and reflexes, fatigue, irritability,
beriberi.
Riboflavin (B2)
Function: Cellular metabolism, Antioxidant, Tissue health and growth
- Females: 1.1 mg/day
- Males: 1.3 mg/day
Sources: Milk, cheese, eggs, green vegetables, whole-grain enriched cereals, bread, organ
meats, poultry, fish
Effects of Deficiency: Tissue inflammation and breakdown: Sore throat, stomatitis,
swollen tongue, facial dermatitis, anemia; poor wound healing
, Niacin (B3)
Function: Cellular metabolism to produce energy
- Females: 14 mg/day
- Males: 16 mg/day
Sources: Enriched breads and cereals, chicken, tuna, liver, peanuts, dairy products
Effects of Deficiency: Weakness, poor appetite, indigestion, dermatitis, diarrhea,
headache, dizziness, insomnia. Chronic: Central nervous system damage (confusion,
neuritis, dementia), pellagra
B6 (pyridoxine)
Function: Protein (and some carbohydrate) metabolism, Red blood cell production,
Neurotransmitter synthesis
- Females: 1.3 mg/day, younger than 50 years 1.5 mg/day, aged 50+ years
- Males: younger than 50 years: 0.3 mg/day, 50 years or older: 1.7 mg/day
Sources: Meats, poultry, fish, beans, nuts, seeds, dairy products, enriched cereals
Effects of Deficiency: Rash, stomatitis, seizure, peripheral neuritis, depression
Pantothenic acid (B5)
Function: Cell metabolism of fat and cholesterol, Amino acid activation, Heme formation
- All adults: 5 mg/day (AI); 6 mg/day during pregnancy; 7 mg/day while
lactating
Sources: Occurs widely in most foods. Best sources: meats, whole-grain cereals, legumes
Effects of Deficiency: Deficiency is unknown.
Folacin (folate, folic acid) B9
Function: Cellular metabolism, Neurotransmitter synthesis, Cell division, DNA synthesis,
Hemoglobin formation
- 400 mcg/day (folic acid); 600 mcg/day when pregnant
- Females capable of becoming pregnant should take a daily supplement of
400–800 mcg
Sources: Green leafy vegetables, asparagus, liver, yeast, eggs, beans, fruits, enriched
cereals
Effects of Deficiency: Megaloblastic anemia, neural tube defects
Module 7- Nutrition
Assess the client's nutritional status
- BMI
- Assess what they eat daily
We get energy from
- carbs and processes into sugar (glucose)
- Protein to build muscles (amino acids) = animal products,
Dietary recestitions: eggs and soy
- Lipids: fat (thermoregulation)
Fat-soluble vitamins:
Vitamin A
Function: Night/color vision, healthy skin, cell growth, growth of skeletal and soft tissues,
and reproduction.
- Females: 700 mcg/day 14 & up
- Males 900 mcg/day
Sources: Fish liver oil, butter, cream, egg yolk, yellow fruit, green leafy veggies
Effects of deficiency: night blindness, xerosis, xerophthalmia, keratomalacia, skin lesions
Vitamin D
Function: Regulates blood calium levels, Regulates rate of deposit and resorption of
calcium in bone.
- 600 IU/day ages 1-70 & 800 IU/day after 71
Sources: Fish liver oil, fish, sunlight exposure
Effects of deficiency: Bone and muscle pain, weakness, softening of bone, fractures,
rickets
Vitamin E
Function: Antioxidant protects RBC and muscle tissue cells
- 15 mg/day aged 14+ years
Sources: Veggie oils, nuts, milk, eggs, muscle meats, fish, wheat and rice germ, green
leafy veggies.
,Effects of deficiency: Hyporeflexia, ataxia, hemolytic anemia, myopathy
Vitamin K
Function: Synthesis of clotting factors, Bone development
- Females: 90 mcg/day (AI), aged 19+ years
- Males: 120 mcg/day (AI), aged 19+ years
Sources: Green leafy vegetables, liver (Intestinal bacteria synthesize a form of vitamin K,
so deficiency is unlikely.
Effects of Deficiency: Increased bleeding
●Excesses fat: stored in liver and skeletal muscle
●Stay recommend amounts or else = Toxic levels
Water soluble vitamins
Thiamin (B1)
Function: Cellular metabolism (producing energy from glucose and storing energy as fat) ,
Nervous system function, GI system function, Cardiovascular system function
- Females: 1.1 mg/day, aged 19+ years
- Males: 1.2 mg/day, aged 14+ years
Sources: Whole-grain enriched cereal, beef, pork, liver, peas, beans, nuts
Effects of Deficiency: Peripheral neuritis, loss of muscle strength, depression, memory
loss, anorexia, constipation, dyspnea, decreased alertness and reflexes, fatigue, irritability,
beriberi.
Riboflavin (B2)
Function: Cellular metabolism, Antioxidant, Tissue health and growth
- Females: 1.1 mg/day
- Males: 1.3 mg/day
Sources: Milk, cheese, eggs, green vegetables, whole-grain enriched cereals, bread, organ
meats, poultry, fish
Effects of Deficiency: Tissue inflammation and breakdown: Sore throat, stomatitis,
swollen tongue, facial dermatitis, anemia; poor wound healing
, Niacin (B3)
Function: Cellular metabolism to produce energy
- Females: 14 mg/day
- Males: 16 mg/day
Sources: Enriched breads and cereals, chicken, tuna, liver, peanuts, dairy products
Effects of Deficiency: Weakness, poor appetite, indigestion, dermatitis, diarrhea,
headache, dizziness, insomnia. Chronic: Central nervous system damage (confusion,
neuritis, dementia), pellagra
B6 (pyridoxine)
Function: Protein (and some carbohydrate) metabolism, Red blood cell production,
Neurotransmitter synthesis
- Females: 1.3 mg/day, younger than 50 years 1.5 mg/day, aged 50+ years
- Males: younger than 50 years: 0.3 mg/day, 50 years or older: 1.7 mg/day
Sources: Meats, poultry, fish, beans, nuts, seeds, dairy products, enriched cereals
Effects of Deficiency: Rash, stomatitis, seizure, peripheral neuritis, depression
Pantothenic acid (B5)
Function: Cell metabolism of fat and cholesterol, Amino acid activation, Heme formation
- All adults: 5 mg/day (AI); 6 mg/day during pregnancy; 7 mg/day while
lactating
Sources: Occurs widely in most foods. Best sources: meats, whole-grain cereals, legumes
Effects of Deficiency: Deficiency is unknown.
Folacin (folate, folic acid) B9
Function: Cellular metabolism, Neurotransmitter synthesis, Cell division, DNA synthesis,
Hemoglobin formation
- 400 mcg/day (folic acid); 600 mcg/day when pregnant
- Females capable of becoming pregnant should take a daily supplement of
400–800 mcg
Sources: Green leafy vegetables, asparagus, liver, yeast, eggs, beans, fruits, enriched
cereals
Effects of Deficiency: Megaloblastic anemia, neural tube defects
