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1. A critical care transport team is preparing to move a patient with a
small, untreated pneumothorax from sea level to a receiving facility
at 8,000 feet. Which gas law explains why this patient is at increased
risk of tension pneumothorax during ascent?
A) Boyle's Law
B) Charles's Law
C) Boyle's Law
D) Dalton's Law
CORRECT ANSWER: C
,Rationale: Boyle's Law states that as altitude increases, atmospheric
pressure decreases, causing gases to expand. A closed pneumothorax
will expand during ascent, increasing the risk of tension
pneumothorax. This is a critical transport consideration for any
patient with untreated or partially treated pneumothorax.
2. During air medical transport, which gas law explains the
expansion of gases in the gastrointestinal tract as altitude increases?
A) Charles's Law
B) Boyle's Law
C) Gay-Lussac's Law
D) Henry's Law
CORRECT ANSWER: B
Rationale: Boyle's Law states that at a constant temperature, the
volume of a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure surrounding
it. As altitude increases and barometric pressure decreases, gas
volume increases. This can cause significant abdominal distension
,and respiratory compromise in patients with ileus or bowel
obstruction.
3. A critical care transport team is preparing to move a patient with
an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) from the ICU to the ambulance.
Which action is MOST critical to ensure patient safety during
transport?
A) Disconnecting the IABP to prevent battery depletion
B) Securing the device to prevent dislodgement of the balloon
catheter
C) Securing the device to prevent dislodgement of the balloon
catheter
D) Increasing the balloon inflation frequency to compensate for
movement
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Rationale: Securing the IABP console and ensuring the catheter is
protected from dislodgement is paramount. Disconnection or
, dislodgement can cause immediate hemodynamic instability and
potential aortic dissection or rupture.
4. During air medical transport, a patient with a traumatic brain
injury has an intracranial pressure (ICP) of 18 mmHg and a mean
arterial pressure (MAP) of 84 mmHg. What is the calculated cerebral
perfusion pressure (CPP)?
A) 60 mmHg
B) 66 mmHg
C) 50 mmHg
D) 102 mmHg
CORRECT ANSWER: B
Rationale: CPP = MAP - ICP. 84 - 18 = 66 mmHg. A CPP of 60-70
mmHg is typically the minimum target for adequate cerebral
perfusion, though current guidelines often recommend maintaining
CPP between 60-70 mmHg.