NR 224: ATI Fundamentals Proctored Exam Ultimate
Study Bank with Detailed Rationales
Course Code: NR 224
Course Name: Fundamentals of Nursing
Topic: Comprehensive Nursing Care, Safety Protocols, and Foundational
Pharmacology
Academic Year: 2026/2027
1. A nurse is preparing to administer diphenhydramine 20 mg orally to a 6-year-old
child who has difficulty swallowing pills. Available is diphenhydramine 12.5 mg/5
mL oral syrup. How many mL should the nurse administer to the child?
A. 4 mL
B. 6 mL
C. 8 mL
D. 10 mL
CORRECT ANSWER: C
RATIONALE: To calculate the volume of liquid medication to administer,
utilize the standard dosage calculation formula:
DOSAGE CALCULATION:
Prescribed Dose (Desired): 20 mg
Available Concentration (Have): 12.5 mg
Available Volume: 5 mL
Formula:
(Desired Dose / Have Dose) x Available Volume = Amount to Administer
Calculation:
(20 mg / 12.5 mg) x 5 mL = Amount to Administer
1.6 x 5 mL = 8 mL
Therefore, the nurse should administer exactly 8 mL of the oral syrup.
,2. A nurse is admitting a client who is malnourished. The client states, "My
wedding ring is loose and I'm worried I will lose it if it falls off." Which of the
following is an appropriate response by the nurse?
A. "I will place it in your bedside drawer so it won't get lost."
B. "I can pin it to your hospital gown so you won't lose it."
C. "I will hold onto it until a family member can take it home."
D. "I can put it in a locked storage unit for you."
CORRECT ANSWER: D
RATIONALE: To maintain patient property safety and reduce institutional
liability, valuable personal items should be placed in a locked storage unit or
facility safe following the establishment of a formal property receipt. Leaving
valuables in an unlocked bedside drawer or pinning them to a disposable hospital
gown introduces a severe loss or theft risk. A nurse should never personally hold
onto a client's valuables, as this violates professional boundaries and facility
property accountability protocols.
3. A charge nurse is teaching a group of newly licensed nurses about the use of
restraints. In which of the following clinical situations should the nurse apply
restraints?
A. If the client is pacing persistently in the hallway
B. As a routine component of a comprehensive fall prevention program
C. At the explicit request of the client's family members
D. When the client poses an immediate threat of harm to self or others
CORRECT ANSWER: D
RATIONALE: Physical restraints are an extreme intervention that must only
be applied when the client poses an immediate, serious threat of physical harm
to themselves or others, and only after less restrictive interventions have been
thoroughly exhausted. Restraints should never be used as a punishment, for nursing
staff convenience, for pacing behaviors, or simply because a family requests them.
They are explicitly prohibited as a routine component of a fall prevention protocol
due to the high risk of entrapment, immobility complications, and psychological
trauma.
, 4. To ensure client safety, a nurse manager is planning to observe a newly licensed
nurse perform a straight catheterization on a client. In which of the following roles
is the nurse manager functioning?
A. Case manager
B. Client educator
C. Client care provider
D. Client advocate
CORRECT ANSWER: D
RATIONALE: The nurse manager acts as a client advocate by directly
monitoring clinical skills to guarantee that care is performed safely, competently,
and according to strict aseptic standards, thereby protecting the client from
potential injury or infection. Case managers coordinate long-term post-discharge
resources and care transitions. Client educators focus on instructive client training,
and care providers deliver direct bedside clinical interventions.
5. A charge nurse in a long-term care facility is preparing an educational program
about delirium for newly hired nurses. Which of the following statements should
the nurse plan to include?
A. "Delirium does not affect a client's perception of her environment."
B. "Delirium does not affect a client's normal sleep-wake cycle."
C. "Delirium is characterized by an abrupt, acute onset."
D. "Delirium exhibits a slow, progressive cognitive decline."
CORRECT ANSWER: C
RATIONALE: Delirium is a medical emergency characterized by an abrupt,
acute onset of cognitive dysfunction, fluctuating levels of consciousness, and
shortened attention spans, typically triggered by an underlying systemic illness,
infection, or medication toxicity. It profoundly distorts environmental perceptions
and severely disrupts the normal sleep-wake cycle. A slow, progressive, and
irreversible decline in cognitive function is characteristic of dementia, not
delirium.
6. A nurse is speaking with a client who has recently received a diagnosis of a
chronic illness. The client states, "The doctor must be wrong. I can't be that sick."
The nurse should inform the client that their reaction is an example of which of the
following expected responses to grief?
Study Bank with Detailed Rationales
Course Code: NR 224
Course Name: Fundamentals of Nursing
Topic: Comprehensive Nursing Care, Safety Protocols, and Foundational
Pharmacology
Academic Year: 2026/2027
1. A nurse is preparing to administer diphenhydramine 20 mg orally to a 6-year-old
child who has difficulty swallowing pills. Available is diphenhydramine 12.5 mg/5
mL oral syrup. How many mL should the nurse administer to the child?
A. 4 mL
B. 6 mL
C. 8 mL
D. 10 mL
CORRECT ANSWER: C
RATIONALE: To calculate the volume of liquid medication to administer,
utilize the standard dosage calculation formula:
DOSAGE CALCULATION:
Prescribed Dose (Desired): 20 mg
Available Concentration (Have): 12.5 mg
Available Volume: 5 mL
Formula:
(Desired Dose / Have Dose) x Available Volume = Amount to Administer
Calculation:
(20 mg / 12.5 mg) x 5 mL = Amount to Administer
1.6 x 5 mL = 8 mL
Therefore, the nurse should administer exactly 8 mL of the oral syrup.
,2. A nurse is admitting a client who is malnourished. The client states, "My
wedding ring is loose and I'm worried I will lose it if it falls off." Which of the
following is an appropriate response by the nurse?
A. "I will place it in your bedside drawer so it won't get lost."
B. "I can pin it to your hospital gown so you won't lose it."
C. "I will hold onto it until a family member can take it home."
D. "I can put it in a locked storage unit for you."
CORRECT ANSWER: D
RATIONALE: To maintain patient property safety and reduce institutional
liability, valuable personal items should be placed in a locked storage unit or
facility safe following the establishment of a formal property receipt. Leaving
valuables in an unlocked bedside drawer or pinning them to a disposable hospital
gown introduces a severe loss or theft risk. A nurse should never personally hold
onto a client's valuables, as this violates professional boundaries and facility
property accountability protocols.
3. A charge nurse is teaching a group of newly licensed nurses about the use of
restraints. In which of the following clinical situations should the nurse apply
restraints?
A. If the client is pacing persistently in the hallway
B. As a routine component of a comprehensive fall prevention program
C. At the explicit request of the client's family members
D. When the client poses an immediate threat of harm to self or others
CORRECT ANSWER: D
RATIONALE: Physical restraints are an extreme intervention that must only
be applied when the client poses an immediate, serious threat of physical harm
to themselves or others, and only after less restrictive interventions have been
thoroughly exhausted. Restraints should never be used as a punishment, for nursing
staff convenience, for pacing behaviors, or simply because a family requests them.
They are explicitly prohibited as a routine component of a fall prevention protocol
due to the high risk of entrapment, immobility complications, and psychological
trauma.
, 4. To ensure client safety, a nurse manager is planning to observe a newly licensed
nurse perform a straight catheterization on a client. In which of the following roles
is the nurse manager functioning?
A. Case manager
B. Client educator
C. Client care provider
D. Client advocate
CORRECT ANSWER: D
RATIONALE: The nurse manager acts as a client advocate by directly
monitoring clinical skills to guarantee that care is performed safely, competently,
and according to strict aseptic standards, thereby protecting the client from
potential injury or infection. Case managers coordinate long-term post-discharge
resources and care transitions. Client educators focus on instructive client training,
and care providers deliver direct bedside clinical interventions.
5. A charge nurse in a long-term care facility is preparing an educational program
about delirium for newly hired nurses. Which of the following statements should
the nurse plan to include?
A. "Delirium does not affect a client's perception of her environment."
B. "Delirium does not affect a client's normal sleep-wake cycle."
C. "Delirium is characterized by an abrupt, acute onset."
D. "Delirium exhibits a slow, progressive cognitive decline."
CORRECT ANSWER: C
RATIONALE: Delirium is a medical emergency characterized by an abrupt,
acute onset of cognitive dysfunction, fluctuating levels of consciousness, and
shortened attention spans, typically triggered by an underlying systemic illness,
infection, or medication toxicity. It profoundly distorts environmental perceptions
and severely disrupts the normal sleep-wake cycle. A slow, progressive, and
irreversible decline in cognitive function is characteristic of dementia, not
delirium.
6. A nurse is speaking with a client who has recently received a diagnosis of a
chronic illness. The client states, "The doctor must be wrong. I can't be that sick."
The nurse should inform the client that their reaction is an example of which of the
following expected responses to grief?
