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, amblyopia a decrease in the visual acuity in one eye with no correction; most common cause of
childhood visual loss
congenital defect, corneal scar or catartact, high refractive What are the causes of amblyopia?
error
genetics, prematurity, small for gestational date, smoking or What are the risk factors for amblyopia?
EtOH by mother
prior to starting school When is the latest that all children should have their first visual exam?
blepharitis dryness and flaking of eyelashes, inflammatory response of the eyelid caused by a
blockage of glands or bacterial infection (staph)
DM, candida, seborrheic dermatitis, Acne Rosacea What are the risk factors for blepharitis?
burning and/or itching, lacrimal tearing, photophobia, What are the s/s of blepharitis?
recurrent styes
wash eyes with antibacterial soap and water, warm compress, What are the treatments for blepharitis?
stop contact use, bacitracin or erythromycin ophthalmic
ointment, oral tetracycline or doxy
avoid tetracycline in children < 8 and pregnant or breast What is important to remember about the use of treatment with tetracycline?
feeding women
cataracts opacity of the crystalline lens of the eye, progressive, painless vision loss; associated w/
intraocular inflammation and glaucoma: MOST COMMON CAUSE OF BLINDNESS IN THE
WORLD
protein accumulation produces fibrous thickened lens that What is the cause of cataracts?
obscures vision
age, trauma/surgery, meds, other disease processes, EtOH, What are the risk factors for cataracts?
UVB exposure, family hx, obesity, smoking
"ghost" images, inability to drive at night What are the s/s of cataracts?