Test Bank for Pharmacology, 12th Edition | Original Nursing
Pharmacology
1.
,A nurse is teaching a patient about pharmacokinetics. Which process
describes the movement of a drug from the gastrointestinal tract
into the bloodstream?
A. Distribution
B. Metabolism
C. Excretion
D. Absorption
Answer: D. Absorption
Absorption is the movement of a drug from its administration site
into systemic circulation.
2.
Which pharmacokinetic process primarily occurs in the liver?
A. Absorption
B. Distribution
C. Metabolism
D. Excretion
Answer: C. Metabolism
The liver is the major organ responsible for biotransformation of
many medications.
3.
A medication has a half-life of 8 hours. Approximately how long will it
take for the drug concentration to decrease to 25% of its original
concentration?
A. 4 hours
B. 8 hours
C. 16 hours
D. 24 hours
Answer: C. 16 hours
,After one half-life, 50% remains; after two half-lives, approximately
25% remains.
4.
Which organ is most responsible for elimination of many
medications?
A. Heart
B. Kidneys
C. Pancreas
D. Spleen
Answer: B. Kidneys
Renal excretion is a major route of elimination for many drugs and
their metabolites.
5.
A drug that binds to a receptor and produces a response is called a:
A. Antagonist
B. Agonist
C. Inhibitor
D. Catalyst
Answer: B. Agonist
An agonist binds to a receptor and activates it to produce a
pharmacologic response.
6.
A medication that binds to a receptor and prevents activation is
called a:
A. Agonist
B. Antagonist
C. Prodrug
D. Metabolite
, Answer: B. Antagonist
An antagonist blocks or reduces the action of an agonist at a
receptor.
7.
Which term describes the highest concentration of a drug achieved
in the bloodstream?
A. Peak level
B. Trough level
C. Half-life
D. Loading dose
Answer: A. Peak level
The peak is the highest serum concentration reached after
administration.
8.
A nurse obtains a trough drug level immediately before the next
scheduled dose. Why?
A. To determine the maximum concentration
B. To determine whether the drug is being absorbed
C. To determine the lowest serum concentration
D. To determine whether the drug has been completely eliminated
Answer: C. To determine the lowest serum concentration
Trough levels are generally measured immediately before the next
dose and reflect the lowest serum concentration.
9.
Which patient factor can significantly alter drug metabolism?
A. Hair color
B. Liver function
Pharmacology
1.
,A nurse is teaching a patient about pharmacokinetics. Which process
describes the movement of a drug from the gastrointestinal tract
into the bloodstream?
A. Distribution
B. Metabolism
C. Excretion
D. Absorption
Answer: D. Absorption
Absorption is the movement of a drug from its administration site
into systemic circulation.
2.
Which pharmacokinetic process primarily occurs in the liver?
A. Absorption
B. Distribution
C. Metabolism
D. Excretion
Answer: C. Metabolism
The liver is the major organ responsible for biotransformation of
many medications.
3.
A medication has a half-life of 8 hours. Approximately how long will it
take for the drug concentration to decrease to 25% of its original
concentration?
A. 4 hours
B. 8 hours
C. 16 hours
D. 24 hours
Answer: C. 16 hours
,After one half-life, 50% remains; after two half-lives, approximately
25% remains.
4.
Which organ is most responsible for elimination of many
medications?
A. Heart
B. Kidneys
C. Pancreas
D. Spleen
Answer: B. Kidneys
Renal excretion is a major route of elimination for many drugs and
their metabolites.
5.
A drug that binds to a receptor and produces a response is called a:
A. Antagonist
B. Agonist
C. Inhibitor
D. Catalyst
Answer: B. Agonist
An agonist binds to a receptor and activates it to produce a
pharmacologic response.
6.
A medication that binds to a receptor and prevents activation is
called a:
A. Agonist
B. Antagonist
C. Prodrug
D. Metabolite
, Answer: B. Antagonist
An antagonist blocks or reduces the action of an agonist at a
receptor.
7.
Which term describes the highest concentration of a drug achieved
in the bloodstream?
A. Peak level
B. Trough level
C. Half-life
D. Loading dose
Answer: A. Peak level
The peak is the highest serum concentration reached after
administration.
8.
A nurse obtains a trough drug level immediately before the next
scheduled dose. Why?
A. To determine the maximum concentration
B. To determine whether the drug is being absorbed
C. To determine the lowest serum concentration
D. To determine whether the drug has been completely eliminated
Answer: C. To determine the lowest serum concentration
Trough levels are generally measured immediately before the next
dose and reflect the lowest serum concentration.
9.
Which patient factor can significantly alter drug metabolism?
A. Hair color
B. Liver function
