BIO 141 Exam 1 Study Guide all Chapters included
Anatomy and Physiology I questions and verified
answers
study of the functions of the body parts
Answer: physiology
increase in body size without change in shape
Answer: growth
movement of substances from place to place in body fluids
Answer: circulation
change in the position of the body or a body part; motion of an internal organ
Answer: movement
study of the structure of body parts
Answer: anatomy
breakdown of food into simpler substances
Answer: digestion
obtaining oxygen, using oxygen, and removing carbon dioxide
Answer: respiration
,passage of digestive products into body fluids
Answer: absorption
changing absorbed substances into different forms
Answer: assimilation
production of new cells and organisms
Answer: reproduction
reaction to internal or external changes
Answer: responsiveness
removal of metabolic wastes
Answer: excretion
subatomic particles to organism (10 levels from simplest to complex)
Answer: life
needed for breathing
Answer: atmospheric pressure
body temperature, blood pressure, pulse, and breathing movements
Answer: vital signs (4)
supplies energy, raw materials, and regulation
Answer: food
helps release energy from food
Answer: oxygen
needed by living organisms to circulate the blood
Answer: hydrostatic pressure
needed by living organisms for breathing and to circulate the blood
Answer: pressure
needed by living organisms for metabolic processes, transport, and body temperature
regulation
Answer: water
additional biological requirements and anatomical systems include heat, vital signs, and
various organ systems.
needed by living organisms for metabolic processes, transport, and body temperature
regulation
Answer: water
environmental factor that provides an environment in which metabolic reactions take
place
Answer: water
,environmental factor that supplies energy and raw materials for building new living
matter
Answer: food
environmental factor used in the process of releasing energy from nutrients
Answer: oxygen
environmental factor that is a product of metabolic reactions and helps govern their
rates
Answer: heat
environmental factor that is an application of force on an object or substance
Answer: pressure
force on the outside of the body due to the weight of air
Answer: atmospheric pressure
force inside the body due to blood movement and fluid weight
Answer: hydrostatic pressure
a state of balance in which the internal environment remains within normal limits
Answer: homeostasis
homeostatic component that provides information about specific conditions in the
internal environment
Answer: receptor
homeostatic component that decides what the value of the internal environment should
be (set point)
Answer: control center
homeostatic component that causes responses that alter conditions in the internal
environment
Answer: effector
mechanism where a deviation from the set point is corrected and the correction reduces
the action of the effector
Answer: negative feedback
mechanism where a process is intensified or moved further away from the original
status rather than being reversed
Answer: positive feedback
portion of the body that includes the head, neck, and trunk
Answer: axial portion
portion of the body that includes the upper and lower limbs
Answer: appendicular portion
cavity that houses the brain
Answer: cranial cavity
, cavity that houses the spinal cord
Answer: vertebral canal
broad, thin muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity
Answer: diaphragm
region that separates the thoracic cavity into right and left compartments containing the
lungs
Answer: mediastinum
cavity containing the stomach, liver, spleen, gallbladder, and kidneys
Answer: abdominal cavity
cavity containing the terminal portion of the large intestine, urinary bladder, and internal
reproductive organs
Answer: pelvic cavity
cavity within the head containing the teeth and tongue
Answer: oral cavity
cavity within the head located within the nose and divided by a septum
Answer: nasal cavity
cavities within the head containing the eyes and associated muscles and nerves
Answer: orbital cavities
cavities within the head containing the middle ear bones
Answer: middle ear cavities
membrane layer that lines the walls of a cavity
Answer: parietal layer
membrane layer that covers the surface of an internal organ
Answer: visceral layer
membranes associated with the lungs and thoracic cavity walls
Answer: pleural membranes
membranes associated with the heart and the central thoracic compartment
Answer: pericardial membranes
membranes associated with the abdominopelvic cavity walls and organs
Answer: peritoneal membranes
organ system containing the skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands
Answer: integumentary system
organ system providing protection, body temperature regulation, and housing sensory
receptors
Answer: integumentary system
organ system containing bones, ligaments, and cartilages
Answer: skeletal system
Anatomy and Physiology I questions and verified
answers
study of the functions of the body parts
Answer: physiology
increase in body size without change in shape
Answer: growth
movement of substances from place to place in body fluids
Answer: circulation
change in the position of the body or a body part; motion of an internal organ
Answer: movement
study of the structure of body parts
Answer: anatomy
breakdown of food into simpler substances
Answer: digestion
obtaining oxygen, using oxygen, and removing carbon dioxide
Answer: respiration
,passage of digestive products into body fluids
Answer: absorption
changing absorbed substances into different forms
Answer: assimilation
production of new cells and organisms
Answer: reproduction
reaction to internal or external changes
Answer: responsiveness
removal of metabolic wastes
Answer: excretion
subatomic particles to organism (10 levels from simplest to complex)
Answer: life
needed for breathing
Answer: atmospheric pressure
body temperature, blood pressure, pulse, and breathing movements
Answer: vital signs (4)
supplies energy, raw materials, and regulation
Answer: food
helps release energy from food
Answer: oxygen
needed by living organisms to circulate the blood
Answer: hydrostatic pressure
needed by living organisms for breathing and to circulate the blood
Answer: pressure
needed by living organisms for metabolic processes, transport, and body temperature
regulation
Answer: water
additional biological requirements and anatomical systems include heat, vital signs, and
various organ systems.
needed by living organisms for metabolic processes, transport, and body temperature
regulation
Answer: water
environmental factor that provides an environment in which metabolic reactions take
place
Answer: water
,environmental factor that supplies energy and raw materials for building new living
matter
Answer: food
environmental factor used in the process of releasing energy from nutrients
Answer: oxygen
environmental factor that is a product of metabolic reactions and helps govern their
rates
Answer: heat
environmental factor that is an application of force on an object or substance
Answer: pressure
force on the outside of the body due to the weight of air
Answer: atmospheric pressure
force inside the body due to blood movement and fluid weight
Answer: hydrostatic pressure
a state of balance in which the internal environment remains within normal limits
Answer: homeostasis
homeostatic component that provides information about specific conditions in the
internal environment
Answer: receptor
homeostatic component that decides what the value of the internal environment should
be (set point)
Answer: control center
homeostatic component that causes responses that alter conditions in the internal
environment
Answer: effector
mechanism where a deviation from the set point is corrected and the correction reduces
the action of the effector
Answer: negative feedback
mechanism where a process is intensified or moved further away from the original
status rather than being reversed
Answer: positive feedback
portion of the body that includes the head, neck, and trunk
Answer: axial portion
portion of the body that includes the upper and lower limbs
Answer: appendicular portion
cavity that houses the brain
Answer: cranial cavity
, cavity that houses the spinal cord
Answer: vertebral canal
broad, thin muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity
Answer: diaphragm
region that separates the thoracic cavity into right and left compartments containing the
lungs
Answer: mediastinum
cavity containing the stomach, liver, spleen, gallbladder, and kidneys
Answer: abdominal cavity
cavity containing the terminal portion of the large intestine, urinary bladder, and internal
reproductive organs
Answer: pelvic cavity
cavity within the head containing the teeth and tongue
Answer: oral cavity
cavity within the head located within the nose and divided by a septum
Answer: nasal cavity
cavities within the head containing the eyes and associated muscles and nerves
Answer: orbital cavities
cavities within the head containing the middle ear bones
Answer: middle ear cavities
membrane layer that lines the walls of a cavity
Answer: parietal layer
membrane layer that covers the surface of an internal organ
Answer: visceral layer
membranes associated with the lungs and thoracic cavity walls
Answer: pleural membranes
membranes associated with the heart and the central thoracic compartment
Answer: pericardial membranes
membranes associated with the abdominopelvic cavity walls and organs
Answer: peritoneal membranes
organ system containing the skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands
Answer: integumentary system
organ system providing protection, body temperature regulation, and housing sensory
receptors
Answer: integumentary system
organ system containing bones, ligaments, and cartilages
Answer: skeletal system
