and Answers (Latest 2026/2027) – Complete
OA Study Guide
SECTION 1: AMORTIZATION TABLES & LOAN CALCULATIONS
Questions 1-15: Building an Amortization Schedule
Question 1:
Calculate the payment amount for the loan in cell C15. Reference the cells
containing the appropriate loan information as the arguments for the function you
use. Cells C20-C67 in the "Payment" column are populated with the payment
amount from cell C15.
Answer: =PMT(C13/12, C12, C11)
Rationale: The PMT function requires three arguments: rate (annual rate divided
by 12 for monthly payments), nper (total number of payments), and pv (present
value or loan amount). C13 contains the annual interest rate, C12 contains the
number of months, and C11 contains the loan amount. PMT returns the constant
payment amount for a loan with fixed interest and term .
Question 2:
Calculate, in cell D20, the interest amount for period 1 by multiplying the balance
in period 0 (cell F19) by the loan interest rate (cell C13) divided by 12. Dividing
the interest rate by 12 results in the monthly interest rate. This formula is reusable.
Answer: =F19*$C$13/12
Rationale: Use an absolute reference ($C$13) for the interest rate so it remains
fixed when copying the formula down the column. F19 contains the starting
balance before any payments. The monthly interest rate is the annual rate divided
by 12. The absolute reference ensures the interest rate cell doesn't change when the
formula is copied down the column .
,Question 3:
Copy the interest amount calculation down to complete the "Interest" column of
the amortization table.
Answer: Copy cell D20 and paste down through D67
Rationale: The absolute reference in $C$13 will keep the interest rate constant
while the row reference for the balance changes relative to each row. The relative
reference to the balance column (F19) will adjust to refer to the correct previous
period's balance for each row .
Question 4:
Calculate, in cell E20, the principal amount for period 1. The principal amount is
the difference between the payment amount (cell C20) and the interest amount (cell
D20) for period 1. Construct your formula in such a way that it can be reused.
Answer: =C20-D20
Rationale: Each loan payment is split between interest and principal. Interest goes
to the lender; principal reduces the loan balance. Both C20 and D20 use relative
references so the formula will work correctly for each row when copied down the
column .
Question 5:
Copy the principal amount calculation down to complete the "Principal" column of
the amortization table.
Answer: Copy cell E20 and paste down through E67
Rationale: The relative references will adjust for each row, subtracting the interest
amount from the payment amount for that period. This ensures each period's
principal payment is calculated correctly .
,Question 6:
Calculate, in cell F20, the balance for period 1. The balance is the difference
between the balance for period 0 (cell F19) and the principal amount for period 1
(cell E20). This formula is reusable.
Answer: =F19-E20
Rationale: The balance decreases by the principal amount paid each period. This
formula uses relative references so when copied down, it correctly subtracts the
current period's principal from the previous period's balance .
Question 7:
Copy the balance amount calculation down to complete the balance column of the
amortization table.
Answer: Copy cell F20 and paste down through F67
Rationale: The relative references adjust for each row, ensuring the balance
decreases appropriately as principal payments are made. After the final payment,
the balance should be zero .
Question 8:
Calculate, in cell G12, the total amount paid by multiplying the payment amount
(cell C15) by the term of the loan (cell C12).
Answer: =C15*C12
Rationale: Total amount paid over the life of the loan equals the monthly payment
amount multiplied by the total number of payments. This provides the total cash
outflow for the borrower .
Question 9:
Calculate the total interest paid in cell G13. The total interest paid is the sum of all
interest paid in the "Interest" column of the amortization table.
Answer: =SUM(D20:D67)
, Rationale: The SUM function adds all interest payments across the loan term. The
K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K.
total interest paid represents the cost of borrowing the money .
K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K.
Question 10: K.
Check to see if the total interest calculation in the amortization table is correct. The
K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K.
total interest paid is also equal to the difference between the total amount paid over
K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K.
the course of the loan and the original loan amount. Insert a formula into cell G14
K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K.
to calculate the difference between the total amount paid and the original loan
K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K.
amount. Notice the negative sign associated with the original loan amount.
K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K.
Answer: =G12-ABS(C11) or =G12+C11 K. K. K.
Rationale: Since the loan amount in C11 is entered as a negative number
K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K.
(representing cash outflow), adding it to the total amount paid yields the total
K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K.
interest. Alternatively, subtract the absolute value of C11 from G12. This serves as
K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K.
a verification check for the amortization table calculations .
K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K.
Question 11: K.
Assume you have made the first 36 payments on your loan. You want to trade the
K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K.
car in for a new car. You believe that you can sell your car for $4000. Will this
K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K.
cover the balance remaining on the car in period 36? Answer either "Yes" or "No"
K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K.
in cell G15 from the drop-down menu.
K. K. K. K. K. K. K.
Answer: No K.
Rationale: Compare the selling price ($4000) to the loan balance after 36
K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K.
payments (found in row F55 or similar). The balance is typically higher than $4000
K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K.
early in the loan term due to amortization where more interest is paid upfront. With
K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K.
a standard amortization schedule, the balance after 36 months on a typical car
K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K. K.
loan exceeds $4000 .
K. K. K. K.
Questions 12-15: Advanced Loan Calculations K. K. K. K.