solution A+ grade
What does acid-base balance represent in the body? - -Homeostasis of hydrogen (H+) ion
concentration in body fluids.
What is the normal range for arterial blood pH? - -7.35 to 7.45.
What happens when blood pH is less than 7.35? - -It indicates acidosis.
What does a blood pH greater than 7.45 indicate? - -It indicates alkalosis.
What are the three mechanisms that regulate acid-base balance? - -Buffers, respiratory
system, and renal system.
What is the primary role of the buffer system in acid-base balance? - -It chemically
changes strong acids to weak acids or binds acids to maintain pH.
How does the respiratory system help regulate acid-base balance? - -It controls hydrogen
ions in blood through the retention or excretion of CO2.
What is the normal range for arterial CO2 (PaCO2)? - -35 to 45 mm Hg.
What occurs during hyperventilation? - -Increased breathing rate leads to decreased CO2
and increased pH.
What is the normal range for bicarbonate (HCO3)? - -21 to 28 mEq/L.