Microbiology with Diseases by Taxonomy - Chapter 5 Microbial Metabolism Questions & Verified Answers
Energy is stored in the chemical bonds of: ATP - Adenosine triphosphate
Every cell requires ____, which are the chemicals nutrients
necessary for metabolism
All of the decomposition reactions in an organism taken catabolism
together
Using _____, cells catabolize nutrient molecules to form enzymes, precursor metabolites
elementary building blocks called _____
Using precursor metabolites, energy from ATP, and other anabolic reactions
enzymes, cells construct larger building blocks in _____
cells typically reproduce once they have _____ in size doubled
Collection of controlled biochemical reactions that take Metabolism
place within a microbe
Break larger molecules into smaller products/ Exergonic Catabolic pathways
(release energy)
Synthesize large molecules from the smaller products of Anabolic pathways
catabolism / Endergonic (require more energy than they
release)
The breakdown of lipids into glycerol and fatty acids an example of a catabolic pathway
The synthesis of lipids for cell membranes from glycerol an example of an anabolic pathway
and fatty acids
Losing a simple electron, gaining an oxygen atom oxidized
biological oxidation by losing a hydrogen atom dehydrogentaion reaction
Gaining electron Reduced
Three important electron carriers (also coenzymes) Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)/ Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
phosphate (NADP+) / Flavine adenine dinucleotide (FAD) → FADH2
Stuvia 2026-2027 | Updated Edition
, Microbiology with Diseases by Taxonomy - Chapter 5 Microbial Metabolism Questions & Verified Answers
Flavine adenine dinucleotide (FAD) → 2 electrons (as FADH2
hydrogen) / Vitamin source: riboflavin
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) → 2 electrons NADH
(1 as hydrogen) Vitamin source: Niacin
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+) → NADPH
1 electron
The transfer of phosphate to ADP from another Substrate-level phosphorylation
phosphorylated organic compound producing ATP (direct
transfer of phosphate between two substrates)
energy from redox reactions of respiration is used to attach Oxidative phosphorylation
inorganic phosphate to ADP producing ATP
light energy is used to phosphorylate ADP with inorganic Photophosphorylation
phospate producing ATP
inorganic phosphate is added to substrate Phosphorylation
Anabolic pathways use some energy of _____ ATP by breaking a phosphate bond (is used by)
chemical that increase the likelihood of a reaction but are catalysts
not permanently changed in the process
organic catalysts enzymes
Catabolize molecules by adding water in a decomposition Hydrolases
process know as hydrolysis. Primarily in the
depolymerization of macromolecules.
rearrange the atoms within a molecule but do not add or Isomerases
remove anything (neither catabolic or anabolic)
inactive if not bound to non-protein cofactors (inorganic Apoenzymes (are)
ions or coenzymes)
Binding of apoenzyme and its cofactor(s) yield an active holoenzyme
enzyme _____
non- proteinaceous conenzyme RNA molecules ribozymes
Stuvia 2026-2027 | Updated Edition
Energy is stored in the chemical bonds of: ATP - Adenosine triphosphate
Every cell requires ____, which are the chemicals nutrients
necessary for metabolism
All of the decomposition reactions in an organism taken catabolism
together
Using _____, cells catabolize nutrient molecules to form enzymes, precursor metabolites
elementary building blocks called _____
Using precursor metabolites, energy from ATP, and other anabolic reactions
enzymes, cells construct larger building blocks in _____
cells typically reproduce once they have _____ in size doubled
Collection of controlled biochemical reactions that take Metabolism
place within a microbe
Break larger molecules into smaller products/ Exergonic Catabolic pathways
(release energy)
Synthesize large molecules from the smaller products of Anabolic pathways
catabolism / Endergonic (require more energy than they
release)
The breakdown of lipids into glycerol and fatty acids an example of a catabolic pathway
The synthesis of lipids for cell membranes from glycerol an example of an anabolic pathway
and fatty acids
Losing a simple electron, gaining an oxygen atom oxidized
biological oxidation by losing a hydrogen atom dehydrogentaion reaction
Gaining electron Reduced
Three important electron carriers (also coenzymes) Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)/ Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
phosphate (NADP+) / Flavine adenine dinucleotide (FAD) → FADH2
Stuvia 2026-2027 | Updated Edition
, Microbiology with Diseases by Taxonomy - Chapter 5 Microbial Metabolism Questions & Verified Answers
Flavine adenine dinucleotide (FAD) → 2 electrons (as FADH2
hydrogen) / Vitamin source: riboflavin
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) → 2 electrons NADH
(1 as hydrogen) Vitamin source: Niacin
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+) → NADPH
1 electron
The transfer of phosphate to ADP from another Substrate-level phosphorylation
phosphorylated organic compound producing ATP (direct
transfer of phosphate between two substrates)
energy from redox reactions of respiration is used to attach Oxidative phosphorylation
inorganic phosphate to ADP producing ATP
light energy is used to phosphorylate ADP with inorganic Photophosphorylation
phospate producing ATP
inorganic phosphate is added to substrate Phosphorylation
Anabolic pathways use some energy of _____ ATP by breaking a phosphate bond (is used by)
chemical that increase the likelihood of a reaction but are catalysts
not permanently changed in the process
organic catalysts enzymes
Catabolize molecules by adding water in a decomposition Hydrolases
process know as hydrolysis. Primarily in the
depolymerization of macromolecules.
rearrange the atoms within a molecule but do not add or Isomerases
remove anything (neither catabolic or anabolic)
inactive if not bound to non-protein cofactors (inorganic Apoenzymes (are)
ions or coenzymes)
Binding of apoenzyme and its cofactor(s) yield an active holoenzyme
enzyme _____
non- proteinaceous conenzyme RNA molecules ribozymes
Stuvia 2026-2027 | Updated Edition
