NR 601 Final Exam – Primary Care of the
Maturing and Aged Family Practicum –
(2026) Actual Questions & Answers
(Chamberlain) 100% Guarantee Pass
1. Which physiological change is most expected with normal aging?
A. Increased total body water
B. Increased renal blood flow
C. Decreased lean body mass
D. Increased pulmonary reserve
Answer: C. Decreased lean body mass
Rationale: Aging is associated with sarcopenia, decreased total body water, reduced renal blood
flow, and reduced pulmonary reserve.
2. Which cardiovascular change commonly occurs with aging?
A. Increased arterial compliance
B. Increased systolic blood pressure
C. Decreased vascular resistance
D. Increased maximal heart rate
Answer: B. Increased systolic blood pressure
Rationale: Arterial stiffening increases systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure in older
adults.
3. Which finding is most consistent with presbyopia?
A. Difficulty hearing high-frequency sounds
B. Difficulty focusing on close objects
C. Loss of peripheral vision
D. Increased night vision
Answer: B. Difficulty focusing on close objects
Rationale: Presbyopia results from age-related loss of lens elasticity and causes difficulty
focusing on near objects.
,4. Presbycusis primarily affects which type of hearing?
A. Low-frequency hearing
B. High-frequency hearing
C. Conductive hearing only
D. Hearing associated with acute infection
Answer: B. High-frequency hearing
Rationale: Presbycusis is gradual, bilateral sensorineural hearing loss that initially affects high-
frequency sounds.
5. Which intervention best promotes medication safety in an older adult taking multiple
medications?
A. Add medications whenever symptoms occur
B. Review all medications regularly
C. Encourage the patient to share medications
D. Stop all medications periodically
Answer: B. Review all medications regularly
Rationale: Medication reconciliation helps identify duplication, interactions, inappropriate
medications, and adherence problems.
6. Polypharmacy is best described as:
A. Use of only prescription medications
B. Use of multiple medications, especially when unnecessary or inappropriate
C. Use of one medication for several conditions
D. Refusal to take medications
Answer: B. Use of multiple medications, especially when unnecessary or inappropriate
Rationale: Polypharmacy increases the risk of adverse effects, interactions, falls, and medication
errors.
7. Which factor increases an older adult's risk for adverse drug reactions?
A. Increased hepatic metabolism
B. Increased renal clearance
,C. Reduced renal function
D. Increased total body water
Answer: C. Reduced renal function
Rationale: Declining renal function can decrease medication clearance and increase drug
accumulation.
8. An older adult becomes confused shortly after developing a urinary infection. This
presentation is most consistent with:
A. Dementia
B. Delirium
C. Depression
D. Normal aging
Answer: B. Delirium
Rationale: Delirium has an acute onset and fluctuating course and is commonly triggered by
infection, medications, metabolic abnormalities, or hospitalization.
9. Which feature best differentiates delirium from dementia?
A. Delirium develops gradually over years
B. Delirium has an acute onset
C. Dementia always fluctuates hourly
D. Dementia is completely reversible
Answer: B. Delirium has an acute onset
Rationale: Delirium typically develops over hours to days, whereas most dementias develop
gradually.
10. Which assessment is most appropriate when cognitive impairment is suspected?
A. Glasgow Coma Scale only
B. Standardized cognitive screening
C. Visual acuity testing only
D. Blood pressure measurement only
Answer: B. Standardized cognitive screening
Rationale: Tools such as the MoCA or MMSE can provide structured assessment of cognitive
function.
, 11. Which symptom is commonly associated with depression in older adults?
A. Persistent euphoria
B. Loss of interest in usual activities
C. Increased energy in all cases
D. Improved concentration
Answer: B. Loss of interest in usual activities
Rationale: Anhedonia and depressed mood are important features of depression.
12. Which screening tool is commonly used for depression in older adults?
A. Geriatric Depression Scale
B. Apgar score
C. Braden Scale
D. Glasgow Coma Scale
Answer: A. Geriatric Depression Scale
Rationale: The Geriatric Depression Scale is designed to screen for depressive symptoms in
older adults.
13. Which finding is most concerning for elder abuse?
A. A well-healed surgical scar
B. Multiple injuries in various stages of healing
C. Mild age-related bruising
D. Wearing eyeglasses
Answer: B. Multiple injuries in various stages of healing
Rationale: Injuries with inconsistent explanations or different stages of healing should raise
concern for abuse.
14. When elder abuse is suspected, the primary care provider should first:
A. Ignore the concern unless the patient complains
B. Ensure immediate safety and follow mandatory reporting requirements
C. Confront the suspected abuser aggressively
D. Discharge the patient from care
Maturing and Aged Family Practicum –
(2026) Actual Questions & Answers
(Chamberlain) 100% Guarantee Pass
1. Which physiological change is most expected with normal aging?
A. Increased total body water
B. Increased renal blood flow
C. Decreased lean body mass
D. Increased pulmonary reserve
Answer: C. Decreased lean body mass
Rationale: Aging is associated with sarcopenia, decreased total body water, reduced renal blood
flow, and reduced pulmonary reserve.
2. Which cardiovascular change commonly occurs with aging?
A. Increased arterial compliance
B. Increased systolic blood pressure
C. Decreased vascular resistance
D. Increased maximal heart rate
Answer: B. Increased systolic blood pressure
Rationale: Arterial stiffening increases systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure in older
adults.
3. Which finding is most consistent with presbyopia?
A. Difficulty hearing high-frequency sounds
B. Difficulty focusing on close objects
C. Loss of peripheral vision
D. Increased night vision
Answer: B. Difficulty focusing on close objects
Rationale: Presbyopia results from age-related loss of lens elasticity and causes difficulty
focusing on near objects.
,4. Presbycusis primarily affects which type of hearing?
A. Low-frequency hearing
B. High-frequency hearing
C. Conductive hearing only
D. Hearing associated with acute infection
Answer: B. High-frequency hearing
Rationale: Presbycusis is gradual, bilateral sensorineural hearing loss that initially affects high-
frequency sounds.
5. Which intervention best promotes medication safety in an older adult taking multiple
medications?
A. Add medications whenever symptoms occur
B. Review all medications regularly
C. Encourage the patient to share medications
D. Stop all medications periodically
Answer: B. Review all medications regularly
Rationale: Medication reconciliation helps identify duplication, interactions, inappropriate
medications, and adherence problems.
6. Polypharmacy is best described as:
A. Use of only prescription medications
B. Use of multiple medications, especially when unnecessary or inappropriate
C. Use of one medication for several conditions
D. Refusal to take medications
Answer: B. Use of multiple medications, especially when unnecessary or inappropriate
Rationale: Polypharmacy increases the risk of adverse effects, interactions, falls, and medication
errors.
7. Which factor increases an older adult's risk for adverse drug reactions?
A. Increased hepatic metabolism
B. Increased renal clearance
,C. Reduced renal function
D. Increased total body water
Answer: C. Reduced renal function
Rationale: Declining renal function can decrease medication clearance and increase drug
accumulation.
8. An older adult becomes confused shortly after developing a urinary infection. This
presentation is most consistent with:
A. Dementia
B. Delirium
C. Depression
D. Normal aging
Answer: B. Delirium
Rationale: Delirium has an acute onset and fluctuating course and is commonly triggered by
infection, medications, metabolic abnormalities, or hospitalization.
9. Which feature best differentiates delirium from dementia?
A. Delirium develops gradually over years
B. Delirium has an acute onset
C. Dementia always fluctuates hourly
D. Dementia is completely reversible
Answer: B. Delirium has an acute onset
Rationale: Delirium typically develops over hours to days, whereas most dementias develop
gradually.
10. Which assessment is most appropriate when cognitive impairment is suspected?
A. Glasgow Coma Scale only
B. Standardized cognitive screening
C. Visual acuity testing only
D. Blood pressure measurement only
Answer: B. Standardized cognitive screening
Rationale: Tools such as the MoCA or MMSE can provide structured assessment of cognitive
function.
, 11. Which symptom is commonly associated with depression in older adults?
A. Persistent euphoria
B. Loss of interest in usual activities
C. Increased energy in all cases
D. Improved concentration
Answer: B. Loss of interest in usual activities
Rationale: Anhedonia and depressed mood are important features of depression.
12. Which screening tool is commonly used for depression in older adults?
A. Geriatric Depression Scale
B. Apgar score
C. Braden Scale
D. Glasgow Coma Scale
Answer: A. Geriatric Depression Scale
Rationale: The Geriatric Depression Scale is designed to screen for depressive symptoms in
older adults.
13. Which finding is most concerning for elder abuse?
A. A well-healed surgical scar
B. Multiple injuries in various stages of healing
C. Mild age-related bruising
D. Wearing eyeglasses
Answer: B. Multiple injuries in various stages of healing
Rationale: Injuries with inconsistent explanations or different stages of healing should raise
concern for abuse.
14. When elder abuse is suspected, the primary care provider should first:
A. Ignore the concern unless the patient complains
B. Ensure immediate safety and follow mandatory reporting requirements
C. Confront the suspected abuser aggressively
D. Discharge the patient from care
