CJE Benchmark Nursing Foundations &
Fundamentals Questions and Verified Answers
Already Graded A+
1. A nurse is preparing to perform hand hygiene before caring for a client. Which of
the following is the most effective method to reduce microbial counts on the
hands?
A) Using an alcohol-based hand rub for 10 seconds
B) Washing with soap and water for 15 seconds
C) Washing with soap and water for 40 seconds
D) Using an alcohol-based hand rub for 20 seconds
, Correct Answer
D) Using an alcohol-based hand rub for 20 seconds
Rationale
High Efficacy: Alcohol-based hand rubs are the most effective method for rapidly
reducing microbial counts on clean, non-visibly soiled hands.
Proper Duration: To be fully effective, the hand rub must be rubbed thoroughly over all
surfaces of the hands until completely dry, which typically takes at least 20 seconds.
Question 2
A nurse is preparing to enter the room of a client who is on contact precautions for a
wound infection. Which personal protective equipment (PPE) must the nurse don prior
to entry?
A) Mask and gloves
B) Gown and gloves
C) Gown, mask, and goggles
D) N95 respirator and gown
Answer: B
Rationale: Contact precautions require the use of a gown and gloves for all interactions
that may involve contact with the client or their potentially contaminated environment. A
mask or respirator is not routinely required for contact precautions unless there is a risk
, of splashing or if the client has a co-existing respiratory infection requiring droplet or
airborne precautions.
Question 2
A nurse is preparing to enter the room of a client who is on contact precautions for a
wound infection. Which personal protective equipment (PPE) must the nurse don prior
to entry?
A) Mask and gloves
B) Gown and gloves
C) Gown, mask, and goggles
D) N95 respirator and gown
Answer: B
Rationale: Contact precautions require the use of a gown and gloves for all interactions
that may involve contact with the client or their potentially contaminated environment. A
mask or respirator is not routinely required for contact precautions unless there is a risk
of splashing or if the client has a co-existing respiratory infection requiring droplet or
airborne precautions.
Question 11
A nurse is preparing to administer an enteral feeding via a nasogastric (NG) tube.
Which action is the most reliable bedside method to verify tube placement before
starting the feeding?
A) Aspirating gastric contents and checking the appearance.
B) Injecting 30 mL of air into the tube and listening for a gurgle.
C) Testing the pH of aspirated fluid to ensure it is below 5.5.
D) Checking the marking on the tube at the naris against documentation.
Answer: C
Rationale: Testing the pH of aspirated gastric secretions (normally 1.5 to 4) is the most
reliable bedside method. An X-ray is the definitive gold standard, but checking pH is the
, most reliable non-radiological bedside method. Auscultation (air bolus) is no longer
considered safe or reliable.
Question 12
A nurse is caring for a client with chronic dysphagia. Which intervention should the
nurse implement during meals to minimize the risk of aspiration?
A) Provide thin liquids to make swallowing easier.
B) Instruct the client to flex their chin downward toward the chest when swallowing.
C) Maintain the client in a semi-Fowler's position during meals.
D) Encourage the client to converse between bites to assess airway patency.
Answer: B
Rationale: The chin-tuck position helps close off the airway and opens the esophagus,
reducing the risk of aspiration. Clients should be in a high-Fowler's position, and thin
liquids should be avoided if dysphagia is present.
Question 13
A nurse is preparing a client for a procedure and needs to obtain informed consent.
Which statement correctly describes the nurse's role in this process?
A) Explaining the risks, benefits, and alternatives of the procedure to the client.
B) Determining whether the client has the legal capacity to give consent.
C) Witnessing the client's signature on the consent form.
D) Documenting the specific surgical techniques the provider will use.
Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse's role is to witness the signature, confirming that the client is
Fundamentals Questions and Verified Answers
Already Graded A+
1. A nurse is preparing to perform hand hygiene before caring for a client. Which of
the following is the most effective method to reduce microbial counts on the
hands?
A) Using an alcohol-based hand rub for 10 seconds
B) Washing with soap and water for 15 seconds
C) Washing with soap and water for 40 seconds
D) Using an alcohol-based hand rub for 20 seconds
, Correct Answer
D) Using an alcohol-based hand rub for 20 seconds
Rationale
High Efficacy: Alcohol-based hand rubs are the most effective method for rapidly
reducing microbial counts on clean, non-visibly soiled hands.
Proper Duration: To be fully effective, the hand rub must be rubbed thoroughly over all
surfaces of the hands until completely dry, which typically takes at least 20 seconds.
Question 2
A nurse is preparing to enter the room of a client who is on contact precautions for a
wound infection. Which personal protective equipment (PPE) must the nurse don prior
to entry?
A) Mask and gloves
B) Gown and gloves
C) Gown, mask, and goggles
D) N95 respirator and gown
Answer: B
Rationale: Contact precautions require the use of a gown and gloves for all interactions
that may involve contact with the client or their potentially contaminated environment. A
mask or respirator is not routinely required for contact precautions unless there is a risk
, of splashing or if the client has a co-existing respiratory infection requiring droplet or
airborne precautions.
Question 2
A nurse is preparing to enter the room of a client who is on contact precautions for a
wound infection. Which personal protective equipment (PPE) must the nurse don prior
to entry?
A) Mask and gloves
B) Gown and gloves
C) Gown, mask, and goggles
D) N95 respirator and gown
Answer: B
Rationale: Contact precautions require the use of a gown and gloves for all interactions
that may involve contact with the client or their potentially contaminated environment. A
mask or respirator is not routinely required for contact precautions unless there is a risk
of splashing or if the client has a co-existing respiratory infection requiring droplet or
airborne precautions.
Question 11
A nurse is preparing to administer an enteral feeding via a nasogastric (NG) tube.
Which action is the most reliable bedside method to verify tube placement before
starting the feeding?
A) Aspirating gastric contents and checking the appearance.
B) Injecting 30 mL of air into the tube and listening for a gurgle.
C) Testing the pH of aspirated fluid to ensure it is below 5.5.
D) Checking the marking on the tube at the naris against documentation.
Answer: C
Rationale: Testing the pH of aspirated gastric secretions (normally 1.5 to 4) is the most
reliable bedside method. An X-ray is the definitive gold standard, but checking pH is the
, most reliable non-radiological bedside method. Auscultation (air bolus) is no longer
considered safe or reliable.
Question 12
A nurse is caring for a client with chronic dysphagia. Which intervention should the
nurse implement during meals to minimize the risk of aspiration?
A) Provide thin liquids to make swallowing easier.
B) Instruct the client to flex their chin downward toward the chest when swallowing.
C) Maintain the client in a semi-Fowler's position during meals.
D) Encourage the client to converse between bites to assess airway patency.
Answer: B
Rationale: The chin-tuck position helps close off the airway and opens the esophagus,
reducing the risk of aspiration. Clients should be in a high-Fowler's position, and thin
liquids should be avoided if dysphagia is present.
Question 13
A nurse is preparing a client for a procedure and needs to obtain informed consent.
Which statement correctly describes the nurse's role in this process?
A) Explaining the risks, benefits, and alternatives of the procedure to the client.
B) Determining whether the client has the legal capacity to give consent.
C) Witnessing the client's signature on the consent form.
D) Documenting the specific surgical techniques the provider will use.
Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse's role is to witness the signature, confirming that the client is
