Semmelweis University Entrance Exam
Chemistry & Biology – Revision Questions
& Answers
Primary structure - correct answer-The sequence of amino acids in a protein
chain.
Secondary structure - correct answer-Folding of the polypeptide chain into alpha-
helices or beta-pleated sheets.
Tertiary structure - correct answer-The overall 3D shape of the protein.
Quaternary structure - correct answer-The arrangement of multiple protein
subunits.
Allostery - correct answer-The regulation of a protein's function through binding
at a site other than the active site.
Polysaccharides - correct answer-Long chains of sugar molecules (e.g., starch,
cellulose).
, Chemically modified carbohydrates - correct answer-Sugars with added functional
groups (e.g., sugar alcohols).
Glycoproteins - correct answer-Proteins with carbohydrate groups attached.
Proteoglycans - correct answer-Proteins heavily glycosylated with long sugar
chains, involved in cell signaling.
Triglycerides - correct answer-Fats made of three fatty acids and glycerol, used
for energy storage.
Phosphoglycerolipids - correct answer-Lipids with a phosphate group, crucial in
cell membranes.
DNA - correct answer-Stores genetic information.
RNA - correct answer-Translates genetic info into proteins (mRNA, tRNA, rRNA).
Chromosomes - correct answer-DNA structures that contain genes.
Genes - correct answer-Units of inheritance.
Alleles - correct answer-Different forms of a gene.
Genetic code - correct answer-Rules for translating DNA into proteins.
Chemistry & Biology – Revision Questions
& Answers
Primary structure - correct answer-The sequence of amino acids in a protein
chain.
Secondary structure - correct answer-Folding of the polypeptide chain into alpha-
helices or beta-pleated sheets.
Tertiary structure - correct answer-The overall 3D shape of the protein.
Quaternary structure - correct answer-The arrangement of multiple protein
subunits.
Allostery - correct answer-The regulation of a protein's function through binding
at a site other than the active site.
Polysaccharides - correct answer-Long chains of sugar molecules (e.g., starch,
cellulose).
, Chemically modified carbohydrates - correct answer-Sugars with added functional
groups (e.g., sugar alcohols).
Glycoproteins - correct answer-Proteins with carbohydrate groups attached.
Proteoglycans - correct answer-Proteins heavily glycosylated with long sugar
chains, involved in cell signaling.
Triglycerides - correct answer-Fats made of three fatty acids and glycerol, used
for energy storage.
Phosphoglycerolipids - correct answer-Lipids with a phosphate group, crucial in
cell membranes.
DNA - correct answer-Stores genetic information.
RNA - correct answer-Translates genetic info into proteins (mRNA, tRNA, rRNA).
Chromosomes - correct answer-DNA structures that contain genes.
Genes - correct answer-Units of inheritance.
Alleles - correct answer-Different forms of a gene.
Genetic code - correct answer-Rules for translating DNA into proteins.
