Test Bank Focus on Nursing Pharmacology 7th
Edition by Amy Karch exam Questions and
Correct Answers (Verified Answers) Plus
Rationale 2027 Q&A| Instant Download Pdf
1. A nurse is teaching a patient who has been prescribed an oral
medication with a narrow therapeutic index. Which action is most
important?
A. Encourage the patient to take the medication with grapefruit juice
B. Instruct the patient to double the dose if one dose is missed
C. Emphasize the importance of taking the medication exactly as
prescribed
D. Tell the patient that laboratory monitoring is unnecessary
Rationale: Medications with a narrow therapeutic index have a small
difference between therapeutic and toxic concentrations. Taking the
medication exactly as prescribed and following required monitoring
helps maintain therapeutic drug levels and reduces the risk of toxicity.
, 2. Which pharmacokinetic process describes the movement of a
medication from the site of administration into the bloodstream?
A. Distribution
B. Metabolism
C. Excretion
D. Absorption
Rationale: Absorption is the movement of a drug from its
administration site into systemic circulation. Distribution occurs after
absorption, while metabolism and excretion are involved in drug
elimination.
3. A medication is administered intravenously. Which characteristic
is expected?
A. Delayed absorption
B. First-pass metabolism before entering circulation
C. Immediate systemic availability
D. Reduced bioavailability compared with oral administration
Rationale: Intravenous administration places the medication directly
into the bloodstream, resulting in essentially immediate systemic
availability and 100% bioavailability.
, 4. Which organ is primarily responsible for the metabolism of most
medications?
A. Heart
B. Lungs
C. Liver
D. Spleen
Rationale: The liver contains numerous enzymes, particularly those
associated with the cytochrome P450 system, that metabolize many
medications. Liver impairment can therefore alter drug clearance.
5. A nurse is assessing an older adult before administering
medication. Which age-related change can increase the risk of
medication toxicity?
A. Increased renal clearance
B. Increased hepatic blood flow
C. Increased total body water
D. Decreased renal function
Rationale: Aging is commonly associated with decreased renal
function, which can reduce drug excretion and allow medications or
metabolites to accumulate, increasing the risk of toxicity.
, 6. Which term describes the amount of medication required to
produce a desired therapeutic response?
A. Potency
B. Dose
C. Antagonism
D. Half-life
Rationale: The dose is the amount of medication administered to
produce a desired response. Potency refers to the amount of drug
needed to produce a particular effect relative to another drug.
7. A medication has a half-life of 8 hours. Approximately how much
of the original medication remains 8 hours after administration?
A. 75%
B. 50%
C. 25%
D. 10%
Rationale: The half-life is the time required for the amount of drug in
the body to decrease by 50%. After one 8-hour half-life, approximately
half of the original amount remains.
8. Which response represents a therapeutic effect?
Edition by Amy Karch exam Questions and
Correct Answers (Verified Answers) Plus
Rationale 2027 Q&A| Instant Download Pdf
1. A nurse is teaching a patient who has been prescribed an oral
medication with a narrow therapeutic index. Which action is most
important?
A. Encourage the patient to take the medication with grapefruit juice
B. Instruct the patient to double the dose if one dose is missed
C. Emphasize the importance of taking the medication exactly as
prescribed
D. Tell the patient that laboratory monitoring is unnecessary
Rationale: Medications with a narrow therapeutic index have a small
difference between therapeutic and toxic concentrations. Taking the
medication exactly as prescribed and following required monitoring
helps maintain therapeutic drug levels and reduces the risk of toxicity.
, 2. Which pharmacokinetic process describes the movement of a
medication from the site of administration into the bloodstream?
A. Distribution
B. Metabolism
C. Excretion
D. Absorption
Rationale: Absorption is the movement of a drug from its
administration site into systemic circulation. Distribution occurs after
absorption, while metabolism and excretion are involved in drug
elimination.
3. A medication is administered intravenously. Which characteristic
is expected?
A. Delayed absorption
B. First-pass metabolism before entering circulation
C. Immediate systemic availability
D. Reduced bioavailability compared with oral administration
Rationale: Intravenous administration places the medication directly
into the bloodstream, resulting in essentially immediate systemic
availability and 100% bioavailability.
, 4. Which organ is primarily responsible for the metabolism of most
medications?
A. Heart
B. Lungs
C. Liver
D. Spleen
Rationale: The liver contains numerous enzymes, particularly those
associated with the cytochrome P450 system, that metabolize many
medications. Liver impairment can therefore alter drug clearance.
5. A nurse is assessing an older adult before administering
medication. Which age-related change can increase the risk of
medication toxicity?
A. Increased renal clearance
B. Increased hepatic blood flow
C. Increased total body water
D. Decreased renal function
Rationale: Aging is commonly associated with decreased renal
function, which can reduce drug excretion and allow medications or
metabolites to accumulate, increasing the risk of toxicity.
, 6. Which term describes the amount of medication required to
produce a desired therapeutic response?
A. Potency
B. Dose
C. Antagonism
D. Half-life
Rationale: The dose is the amount of medication administered to
produce a desired response. Potency refers to the amount of drug
needed to produce a particular effect relative to another drug.
7. A medication has a half-life of 8 hours. Approximately how much
of the original medication remains 8 hours after administration?
A. 75%
B. 50%
C. 25%
D. 10%
Rationale: The half-life is the time required for the amount of drug in
the body to decrease by 50%. After one 8-hour half-life, approximately
half of the original amount remains.
8. Which response represents a therapeutic effect?
