Ways to measure Cardiac Output (CO)?
Give this one a try later!
1. Thermodilution
2. Green Dye Method
3. Fick's Equation
• the only one of the three that CALCULATES Qt
• Qt = [VO2 / (CaO2-CvO2)] x 100
• Normal: 4-8 LPM
Loop graphics: Evaluating/treating tubing compensation
Give this one a try later!
Water is present in the circuit
, Drain condensate from tubing using water traps
Obstructive Disease
vs.
Restrictive Disease
Give this one a try later!
OBSTRUCTIVE = issues getting air OUT due to airways (FACE B-itis)
- Foreign body obstruction
- Asthma
- Cystic fibrosis
- Emphysema (& bronchitis → COPD)
- Bronchiectasis
- Ends in "-itis" for inflammation [Laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB or croup),
Epiglotittis, Bronchiolitis (RSV)]
RESTRICTIVE = issues with lung expansion / unable to take a deep breath
- Fluidy & collapse (Pneumonia, Pulmonary edema, Atelectasis, ARDS)
- TB
- Fungal infections (histoplasmosis, blastomycosis)
- PE
- Flail Chest
- Dealing w/Pleura (Pleuritis, Pneumothorax, Pleural Effusion, Hemothorax,
Hemopneumothorax, Empyema)
- Kyphosis, scoliosis
- Obesity
- Neuromuscular conditions (ALS, GB, MG, MS)
- Ascites
If the light on the laryngoscope doesn't work, what should you do?
Give this one a try later!
, - Tighten bulb (some bulbs are on the handle rather than the blade)
- Change blades
- Check batteries
Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR)
Give this one a try later!
- measuring how fast air comes out of the lungs when you exhale forcefully
after inhaling fully
- to assess if there is increased RAW (ie PEFR daily for asthma ctrl)
- Measure best of 3
- Measured with a peak flow meter (Wright)
Normal = 80% of predicted → ~10 L/SEC (or 600 LPM)
What is considered an adverse rxn to neb tx?
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∆RR > 20 b/m (call nurse)
ECG: Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA)
Give this one a try later!
, Can be any rhythm on the monitor, even NSR (normal sinus rhythm). But
PULSELESS! meaning heart is exceptionally weak & not circulating blood at
all.
- CPR, epinephrine
Tracheal deviation
Give this one a try later!
- If pathology occurs INSIDE the lung: Deviation TOWARD pathology
- if pathology occurs OUTSIDE the lung: Deviation AWAY from pathology
Left Arterial Pressure
vs.
Left Ventricular Pressure
Give this one a try later!
Left Arterial Pressure = 5 mmHg
Left Ventricular Pressure = 120/0 mmHg
Pulsus paradoxus
vs.
Pulsus alterans
Give this one a try later!
Give this one a try later!
1. Thermodilution
2. Green Dye Method
3. Fick's Equation
• the only one of the three that CALCULATES Qt
• Qt = [VO2 / (CaO2-CvO2)] x 100
• Normal: 4-8 LPM
Loop graphics: Evaluating/treating tubing compensation
Give this one a try later!
Water is present in the circuit
, Drain condensate from tubing using water traps
Obstructive Disease
vs.
Restrictive Disease
Give this one a try later!
OBSTRUCTIVE = issues getting air OUT due to airways (FACE B-itis)
- Foreign body obstruction
- Asthma
- Cystic fibrosis
- Emphysema (& bronchitis → COPD)
- Bronchiectasis
- Ends in "-itis" for inflammation [Laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB or croup),
Epiglotittis, Bronchiolitis (RSV)]
RESTRICTIVE = issues with lung expansion / unable to take a deep breath
- Fluidy & collapse (Pneumonia, Pulmonary edema, Atelectasis, ARDS)
- TB
- Fungal infections (histoplasmosis, blastomycosis)
- PE
- Flail Chest
- Dealing w/Pleura (Pleuritis, Pneumothorax, Pleural Effusion, Hemothorax,
Hemopneumothorax, Empyema)
- Kyphosis, scoliosis
- Obesity
- Neuromuscular conditions (ALS, GB, MG, MS)
- Ascites
If the light on the laryngoscope doesn't work, what should you do?
Give this one a try later!
, - Tighten bulb (some bulbs are on the handle rather than the blade)
- Change blades
- Check batteries
Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR)
Give this one a try later!
- measuring how fast air comes out of the lungs when you exhale forcefully
after inhaling fully
- to assess if there is increased RAW (ie PEFR daily for asthma ctrl)
- Measure best of 3
- Measured with a peak flow meter (Wright)
Normal = 80% of predicted → ~10 L/SEC (or 600 LPM)
What is considered an adverse rxn to neb tx?
Give this one a try later!
∆RR > 20 b/m (call nurse)
ECG: Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA)
Give this one a try later!
, Can be any rhythm on the monitor, even NSR (normal sinus rhythm). But
PULSELESS! meaning heart is exceptionally weak & not circulating blood at
all.
- CPR, epinephrine
Tracheal deviation
Give this one a try later!
- If pathology occurs INSIDE the lung: Deviation TOWARD pathology
- if pathology occurs OUTSIDE the lung: Deviation AWAY from pathology
Left Arterial Pressure
vs.
Left Ventricular Pressure
Give this one a try later!
Left Arterial Pressure = 5 mmHg
Left Ventricular Pressure = 120/0 mmHg
Pulsus paradoxus
vs.
Pulsus alterans
Give this one a try later!
