Bio 137 Final Exam Actual Exam 2026 || Most Recent Exam
2026|2027 Actual Complete Real Exam Questions And Correct
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What does gross anatomy study? -ANSWER-Study of large, visible
structures.
Similar cells that have a common function are called ________. -
ANSWER-Tissues.
Which subdivision of anatomy involves the study of organs that
function together? -ANSWER-Systemic.
What is the stimulus above which no stronger contraction can be
elicited, because all motor units are firing in the muscle called? -
ANSWER-Maximal stimulus.
What is determined by alternating motor units of a muscle organ even
when the muscle is at rest? -ANSWER-Muscle tone.
What is continued sustained smooth contraction due to rapid
stimulation called? -ANSWER-Tetanus.
,What is the situation in which contractions become stronger due to
stimulation before complete relaxation occurs? -ANSWER-Wave
summation.
What is the major function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle
contraction? -ANSWER-Regulate intracellular calcium concentration.
What is the role of tropomyosin in skeletal muscles? -ANSWER-
Tropomyosin serves as a contraction inhibitor by blocking the myosin
binding sites on the actin molecules.
-Tropomyosin a rod-shaped protein, spiral about the actin core and
help stiffen and stabilize it.
Which muscle cells have the greatest ability to regenerate? -ANSWER-
Smooth.
What substances are required by excitation-contraction coupling? -
ANSWER-Calcium ions and ATP.
What is myoglobin? -ANSWER-The oxygen-binding protein found in
muscle cells.
During muscle contraction, what do myosin cross bridges attach to? -
ANSWER-Actin Filaments.
,Endomysium? -ANSWER-surrounds individual muscle cells (muscle
fibers), contains myosatellite cells (stem cells) that repair damage
Fassicle? -ANSWER-The compartments that contain bundle of muscle
cells.
Epimysium? -ANSWER-exterior collagen layer, connected to deep
fascia, Separates muscle from surrounding tissues
Perimysium? -ANSWER-surrounds muscle fiber bundles (fascicles),
contains blood vessel and nerve supply to fascicles
What causes rigor mortis? -ANSWER-Follwing the death of an
individual, ATP is rapidly consumed and cannot be replaced. Because
cross bridge detachment and calcium active transport is ATP driven,
calcium leakage from the sarcoplasmic reticulum cause attachment of
cross bridges, and lack of ATP prevents detachments.
Describe how excess postexercise oxygen consumption (oxygen deficit)
restores metabolic conditions. -ANSWER-The difference between the
amount of oxygen needed for totally aerobic muscle activity and the
amount actually used. Converts lactic acid back into glycogen stores in
the liver, replaces the oxygen removed from myoglobin, and
resynthesizes creatine phosphate and ATP in muscle fibers.
, To what does the term aponeurosis refer? -ANSWER-The sheetlike
indirect attachment to a skeletal element.
What is the functional unit of a skeletal muscle called? -ANSWER-A
sarcomere.
What is the functional role of the T tubules? -ANSWER-Enhance cellular
communication during muscle contraction.
During vigorous exercise, there may be insufficient oxygen available to
completely break down pyruvic acid for energy. As a result, what is the
pyruvic acid converted to? -ANSWER-Lactic Acid.
Describe an isotonic muscle contraction. -ANSWER-Changes in length
and moves the "load"
Describe the correct sequence of events for muscle contractions. -
ANSWER-Motor neuron action potential, neurotransmitter release,
muscle cell action potential, release of calcium ions from SR, ATP-driven
power stroke, sliding of myofilaments.
Describe smooth muscle. -ANSWER-nonstriated (no sarcomers),
involuntary, greater amount of actin, short and spindle shaped cells
with poorly developed SR, uninucleate, caveloae, no T tubules, dense
bodies.
2026|2027 Actual Complete Real Exam Questions And Correct
Answers (Verified Answers) Already Graded A+ | Guaranteed
Success!! Newest Exam | Just Released!!
What does gross anatomy study? -ANSWER-Study of large, visible
structures.
Similar cells that have a common function are called ________. -
ANSWER-Tissues.
Which subdivision of anatomy involves the study of organs that
function together? -ANSWER-Systemic.
What is the stimulus above which no stronger contraction can be
elicited, because all motor units are firing in the muscle called? -
ANSWER-Maximal stimulus.
What is determined by alternating motor units of a muscle organ even
when the muscle is at rest? -ANSWER-Muscle tone.
What is continued sustained smooth contraction due to rapid
stimulation called? -ANSWER-Tetanus.
,What is the situation in which contractions become stronger due to
stimulation before complete relaxation occurs? -ANSWER-Wave
summation.
What is the major function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle
contraction? -ANSWER-Regulate intracellular calcium concentration.
What is the role of tropomyosin in skeletal muscles? -ANSWER-
Tropomyosin serves as a contraction inhibitor by blocking the myosin
binding sites on the actin molecules.
-Tropomyosin a rod-shaped protein, spiral about the actin core and
help stiffen and stabilize it.
Which muscle cells have the greatest ability to regenerate? -ANSWER-
Smooth.
What substances are required by excitation-contraction coupling? -
ANSWER-Calcium ions and ATP.
What is myoglobin? -ANSWER-The oxygen-binding protein found in
muscle cells.
During muscle contraction, what do myosin cross bridges attach to? -
ANSWER-Actin Filaments.
,Endomysium? -ANSWER-surrounds individual muscle cells (muscle
fibers), contains myosatellite cells (stem cells) that repair damage
Fassicle? -ANSWER-The compartments that contain bundle of muscle
cells.
Epimysium? -ANSWER-exterior collagen layer, connected to deep
fascia, Separates muscle from surrounding tissues
Perimysium? -ANSWER-surrounds muscle fiber bundles (fascicles),
contains blood vessel and nerve supply to fascicles
What causes rigor mortis? -ANSWER-Follwing the death of an
individual, ATP is rapidly consumed and cannot be replaced. Because
cross bridge detachment and calcium active transport is ATP driven,
calcium leakage from the sarcoplasmic reticulum cause attachment of
cross bridges, and lack of ATP prevents detachments.
Describe how excess postexercise oxygen consumption (oxygen deficit)
restores metabolic conditions. -ANSWER-The difference between the
amount of oxygen needed for totally aerobic muscle activity and the
amount actually used. Converts lactic acid back into glycogen stores in
the liver, replaces the oxygen removed from myoglobin, and
resynthesizes creatine phosphate and ATP in muscle fibers.
, To what does the term aponeurosis refer? -ANSWER-The sheetlike
indirect attachment to a skeletal element.
What is the functional unit of a skeletal muscle called? -ANSWER-A
sarcomere.
What is the functional role of the T tubules? -ANSWER-Enhance cellular
communication during muscle contraction.
During vigorous exercise, there may be insufficient oxygen available to
completely break down pyruvic acid for energy. As a result, what is the
pyruvic acid converted to? -ANSWER-Lactic Acid.
Describe an isotonic muscle contraction. -ANSWER-Changes in length
and moves the "load"
Describe the correct sequence of events for muscle contractions. -
ANSWER-Motor neuron action potential, neurotransmitter release,
muscle cell action potential, release of calcium ions from SR, ATP-driven
power stroke, sliding of myofilaments.
Describe smooth muscle. -ANSWER-nonstriated (no sarcomers),
involuntary, greater amount of actin, short and spindle shaped cells
with poorly developed SR, uninucleate, caveloae, no T tubules, dense
bodies.
