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COMPLETE AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY
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, Burden sharing The distribution of costs and responsibilities among allies—illustrated by the allied
occupation zones in Germany, and a persistent US concern in the design of NATO.
Monitor vs. blue-water navy Competing ship designs that encode competing foreign policies: coastal-defense
monitors make overseas intervention effectively impossible, while a blue-water navy
makes it possible.
Monroe Doctrine (1823) US declaration that European attempts to extend their system into the Western
Hemisphere would be treated as a threat to US security, coupled with a pledge not to
interfere in existing European colonies or in Europe.
Roosevelt Corollary Extension of the Monroe Doctrine asserting a US right to intervene in Latin America as a
last resort to secure financial and debt obligations and forestall European intervention.
Dollar Diplomacy Use of US financial and military power in Latin America and the Caribbean to secure
financial stability, often via Marine deployments, seizure of customs houses, and imposed
monetary reforms
Manifest Destiny The claim, attributed to John L. O'Sullivan (1845), that westward expansion was divinely
mandated; used as a justifying slogan by varied coalitions
Nullification The claim that a state may void federal law it deems unconstitutional; asserted by South
Carolina in 1832 over tariffs and repeatedly rejected by the courts.
Autarky National economic self-sufficiency; the interwar turn toward it is treated by postwar
policymakers as a cause of World War II.
Neutrality Acts (1935-1939) Laws banning arms exports and loans to belligerent nations; progressively loosened.
Cash and Carry Policy permitting belligerents to buy US goods if they paid up front and transported the
goods themselves.
Destroyers for Bases September 1940 agreement transferring 50 US destroyers to Britain in exchange for US
land rights in British territories.
Lend-Lease (1941) Authority for the US to "lend" war materiel to other nations, with no genuine expectation
of return