Module 7: Nursing Care of Patients with Renal System Disorders
Study Guide 2026/2027 Exam Questions And Correct Answers (Verified Answers) Plus
Rationales
500 Practice Questions with Verified Answers & Detailed Rationales
Table of Contents
1. Exam Overview
2. Domain 1: Renal Anatomy, Physiology & Assessment (80 Questions)
3. Domain 2: Diagnostic Studies & Laboratory Interpretation (60 Questions)
4. Domain 3: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) (80 Questions)
5. Domain 4: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) (80 Questions)
6. Domain 5: Dialysis (Hemodialysis & Peritoneal Dialysis) (80 Questions)
7. Domain 6: Renal Transplantation (40 Questions)
8. Domain 7: Urinary Tract Infections & Other Renal Disorders (50 Questions)
9. Domain 8: Fluid, Electrolyte & Acid-Base Management (30 Questions)
10. Final Study Tips & Exam Strategy
---
Exam Overview
This comprehensive practice test bank accompanies Module 7: Nursing Care of Patients with
Renal System Disorders. The module focuses on the pathophysiology, assessment, and
nursing management of patients across the spectrum of kidney disease, from acute kidney
injury to end-stage renal disease requiring renal replacement therapy.
Exam Format:
,- Number of Questions: 500 multiple-choice questions (this practice bank)
- Recommended Time: 5 hours (self-paced)
- Passing Score (Suggested): 75%
- Question Types: Multiple choice (A–D), select-all-that-apply, and clinical application
questions, with correct answer and detailed rationale
Domain Weighting:
| Domain | Topic Area | Questions |
|--------|------------|-----------|
| 1 | Renal Anatomy, Physiology & Assessment | 80 |
| 2 | Diagnostic Studies & Laboratory Interpretation | 60 |
| 3 | Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) | 80 |
| 4 | Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) | 80 |
| 5 | Dialysis (Hemodialysis & Peritoneal Dialysis) | 80 |
| 6 | Renal Transplantation | 40 |
| 7 | Urinary Tract Infections & Other Renal Disorders | 50 |
| 8 | Fluid, Electrolyte & Acid-Base Management | 30 |
Core Domains Covered:
- Renal Anatomy & Physiology: Nephron structure, glomerular filtration, tubular
reabsorption and secretion, regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance, acid-base regulation,
hormone production (erythropoietin, renin)
- Assessment: Health history, physical examination (costovertebral angle tenderness, fluid
status), urine output monitoring, daily weights
- Diagnostic Studies: BUN, serum creatinine, GFR, electrolytes, urinalysis, urine culture, renal
ultrasound, CT scan, biopsy
- Acute Kidney Injury: Pre-renal, intra-renal, post-renal causes, phases (onset, oliguric,
diuretic, recovery), nursing management, complications (hyperkalemia)
, - Chronic Kidney Disease: Stages 1–5, causes (diabetes, hypertension), systemic
manifestations (anemia, CKD-MBD, cardiovascular disease), dietary management,
medication management
- Dialysis: Hemodialysis (AV fistula/graft care, complications), peritoneal dialysis (exchange
procedure, peritonitis prevention), nutrition and fluid considerations
- Renal Transplantation: Pre-operative evaluation, post-operative care, immunosuppression,
rejection types, infection prevention
- Other Renal Disorders: Urinary tract infections, glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome,
polycystic kidney disease, kidney stones
- Fluid & Electrolyte Management: Hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, fluid
restrictions, acid-base balance
---
Domain 1: Renal Anatomy, Physiology & Assessment (80 Questions)
Core Topics: Nephron structure and function, glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption and
secretion, regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance, acid-base regulation, hormone
production, renal assessment techniques.
1. What is the functional unit of the kidney responsible for urine formation?
A. Renal pelvis
B. Nephron
C. Ureter
D. Glomerulus
Correct Answer: B. Nephron
Rationale: The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney responsible for urine formation.
Each kidney contains approximately one million nephrons. The nephron consists of the
glomerulus, Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted
tubule, and collecting duct.
Study Guide 2026/2027 Exam Questions And Correct Answers (Verified Answers) Plus
Rationales
500 Practice Questions with Verified Answers & Detailed Rationales
Table of Contents
1. Exam Overview
2. Domain 1: Renal Anatomy, Physiology & Assessment (80 Questions)
3. Domain 2: Diagnostic Studies & Laboratory Interpretation (60 Questions)
4. Domain 3: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) (80 Questions)
5. Domain 4: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) (80 Questions)
6. Domain 5: Dialysis (Hemodialysis & Peritoneal Dialysis) (80 Questions)
7. Domain 6: Renal Transplantation (40 Questions)
8. Domain 7: Urinary Tract Infections & Other Renal Disorders (50 Questions)
9. Domain 8: Fluid, Electrolyte & Acid-Base Management (30 Questions)
10. Final Study Tips & Exam Strategy
---
Exam Overview
This comprehensive practice test bank accompanies Module 7: Nursing Care of Patients with
Renal System Disorders. The module focuses on the pathophysiology, assessment, and
nursing management of patients across the spectrum of kidney disease, from acute kidney
injury to end-stage renal disease requiring renal replacement therapy.
Exam Format:
,- Number of Questions: 500 multiple-choice questions (this practice bank)
- Recommended Time: 5 hours (self-paced)
- Passing Score (Suggested): 75%
- Question Types: Multiple choice (A–D), select-all-that-apply, and clinical application
questions, with correct answer and detailed rationale
Domain Weighting:
| Domain | Topic Area | Questions |
|--------|------------|-----------|
| 1 | Renal Anatomy, Physiology & Assessment | 80 |
| 2 | Diagnostic Studies & Laboratory Interpretation | 60 |
| 3 | Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) | 80 |
| 4 | Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) | 80 |
| 5 | Dialysis (Hemodialysis & Peritoneal Dialysis) | 80 |
| 6 | Renal Transplantation | 40 |
| 7 | Urinary Tract Infections & Other Renal Disorders | 50 |
| 8 | Fluid, Electrolyte & Acid-Base Management | 30 |
Core Domains Covered:
- Renal Anatomy & Physiology: Nephron structure, glomerular filtration, tubular
reabsorption and secretion, regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance, acid-base regulation,
hormone production (erythropoietin, renin)
- Assessment: Health history, physical examination (costovertebral angle tenderness, fluid
status), urine output monitoring, daily weights
- Diagnostic Studies: BUN, serum creatinine, GFR, electrolytes, urinalysis, urine culture, renal
ultrasound, CT scan, biopsy
- Acute Kidney Injury: Pre-renal, intra-renal, post-renal causes, phases (onset, oliguric,
diuretic, recovery), nursing management, complications (hyperkalemia)
, - Chronic Kidney Disease: Stages 1–5, causes (diabetes, hypertension), systemic
manifestations (anemia, CKD-MBD, cardiovascular disease), dietary management,
medication management
- Dialysis: Hemodialysis (AV fistula/graft care, complications), peritoneal dialysis (exchange
procedure, peritonitis prevention), nutrition and fluid considerations
- Renal Transplantation: Pre-operative evaluation, post-operative care, immunosuppression,
rejection types, infection prevention
- Other Renal Disorders: Urinary tract infections, glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome,
polycystic kidney disease, kidney stones
- Fluid & Electrolyte Management: Hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, fluid
restrictions, acid-base balance
---
Domain 1: Renal Anatomy, Physiology & Assessment (80 Questions)
Core Topics: Nephron structure and function, glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption and
secretion, regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance, acid-base regulation, hormone
production, renal assessment techniques.
1. What is the functional unit of the kidney responsible for urine formation?
A. Renal pelvis
B. Nephron
C. Ureter
D. Glomerulus
Correct Answer: B. Nephron
Rationale: The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney responsible for urine formation.
Each kidney contains approximately one million nephrons. The nephron consists of the
glomerulus, Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted
tubule, and collecting duct.
