MANAGEMENT: PRACTICE QUESTIONS &
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,10Â roles involved in mgmt interpersonal (figurehead, leader, liaison), informational (monitor, desseminator,
spokesperson), decisional (entrepreneur, distrubance handler, resource-allocator,
negotiator)
3 levels of mgmt top (upper) - president, chief executive; middle - district manger, base commander; first-
line (lower-level, front-line, supervisory) - foreman, head nurse
3 phases of decision-making intelligence (gathering knowledge leading to an understanding of what decision will
have to be made, etc.), design (alternative courses of actions are invented), choice (actual
decision is made)
3 skills involved in mgmt technical, interpersonal, conceptual
4 functions of managers planning, organizing, leading, and controlling
5 management process functions "planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling"
5 Types of managers line, staff, functional, general, and administrators
7. McCellands Theory Achievement: the desire to excel or achieve in relation to a set of standards
7. McCellands Theory power the desire to control overs and have influence over them.
8 Key Results Areas market share, productivity, profitability, innovation, resources, worker performance and
morale, manager performance and development, social responsibilities
Absolute comparisons a process in which each criterion is compared to a standard or ranked on its own merits
Accessible: effective segmentation the market segments can be effectively reached and served
Accommodative strategy a social responsiveness strategy in which a company accepts responsibility for a problem
and does all the society expects to solve that problem
accounting the discipline that keeps track of a company's financial situation.
Action plan the specific steps, people, and resources needed to accomplish a goal
,actionable: effective segmentation effective programs can be designed for attracting and serving the segments
activities defined within the context of the work breakdown structure and are pieces of work that
consume time
Activity in control process Establishing performance standers, Measuring performance, Comparing measured
performance to established standers, Talking corrective actions
Ad Council a nonprofit organization that helps produce public service advertising campaigns for
government agencies and other qualified sponsors.
ad layout a sketch that shows the general arrangement and appearance of a finished ad.
adaptation changing an existing product and/or promotion to better suit the characteristics of a
targeted country or region.
Administrative Principles Foresight, Organization, Command, Coordination, Control
Administrators work in public and nonprofit organizations.
adoption: adoption process the consumer decides to make full and regular use of the new product
advantages of functional project team member can work on several projects, technical expertise is maintained within the
functional area, functional area is a home after project completion, critical mass of
specialized functional-area experts creates synergistic solutions to a project's technical
problems
advantages of matrix project communication bw functional divisions is enhanced, project manager is held responsible
for successful completion of the project, duplication of resources is minimized, team
members have a functional "home" after project completion, policies of the parent org
are followed
advantages of pure project project manager has full authority over the project, team members report to one boss,
shortened communication lines, team pride, motivation, and commitment are high
advertising a form of nonpersonal promotion in which companies pay to promote ideas, goods, or
services in a variety of media outlets.
, advertising agencies independent businesses that specialize in developing ad campaigns and crafting the ads
for the clients.
advertising campaign a group of advertisements, commercials, and related promotional materials and activities
that are designed as part of a coordinated advertising plan to meet specific goals of a
company.
advertising proof a representation of an ad that shows exactly how it will appear in print.
Advocacy groups groups of concerned citizens who band together to try to influence the business
practices of specific industries, businsesses and professions
After the fact controls Current policies and procedures may prescribe corrective actions. Corrective action may
call for exceptions to prescribed modes of behavior - doing whatever it takes to solve
the problem may require empowering employees to use their imitative, discretion and
good judgment to craft a unique of creative solution. Correction may be under automatic
controls; check that these controls are not malfunctioning .
age and life cycle segmentation dividing a market into different age and life cycle groups
agent a wholesaler who represents buyers or sellers on a relatively permanent basis, performs
only a few functions, and does not take title to goods
agents intermediaries who bring buyers and sellers together and do not own the goods they
sell.
aggregate sales and operations planning finding the minimum-cost production schedule
agreement a specific commitment that each member makes to the group.
allowance a partial return of the sale price for merchandise that the customer has kept.
alteration any changes made by a tailor to improve the fit of a garment, common with men's suits.
application blank any form on which the employer asks the candidate to provide info
aptitude an ability or natural talent; the potential to learn a certain skill.