NUR2474 PHARMACOLOGY FOR
PROFESSIONAL NURSING FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS |
100% CORRECT | GRADE A+
1. A patient with chronic kidney disease is prescribed a drug that is primarily excreted by the
kidneys. What pharmacokinetic change should the nurse anticipate?
A. Increased drug metabolism in the liver
B. Decreased duration of drug action
C. Decreased drug absorption in the GI tract
D. Increased risk of drug toxicity due to prolonged half-life
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Renal impairment reduces the excretion of drugs, leading to
accumulation in the body and a prolonged half-life, which significantly increases the risk of
toxicity.
,2. When administering Digoxin to a patient with heart failure, which electrolyte imbalance
most significantly increases the risk of digoxin toxicity?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypercalcemia
C. Hyponatremia
D. Hypokalemia
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Low serum potassium levels (hypokalemia) enhance the action
of digoxin at the myocardial cell level, increasing the risk of life-threatening toxicity.
3. A patient is receiving Vancomycin intravenously for an MRSA infection. Which clinical
manifestation should the nurse recognize as ‘Red Man Syndrome’?
A. Peripheral edema and hypertension
B. Petechiae and purpura on the lower extremities
C. Severe bronchospasm and laryngeal edema
D. Flushing, rash, and pruritus of the face, neck, and upper torso
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Red Man Syndrome is an infusion-related reaction characterized
by flushing and a maculopapular rash on the upper body, typically caused by rapid infusion
of Vancomycin.
, 4. Which medication is considered the first-line treatment for a patient experiencing an acute
asthma attack?
A. Salmeterol
B. Montelukast
C. Fluticasone
D. Albuterol
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Albuterol is a short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA) that provides
rapid bronchodilation, making it the drug of choice for acute symptoms.
5. A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a patient prescribed Warfarin. Which statement
by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
A. I will use a soft-bristled toothbrush to prevent gum bleeding.
B. I will report any dark, tarry stools to my healthcare provider.
C. I will increase my intake of spinach and kale to improve my health.
D. I will avoid taking aspirin unless directed by my doctor.
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Vitamin K is the antagonist for Warfarin. Increasing intake of
green leafy vegetables (rich in Vitamin K) can decrease the effectiveness of the medication.
PROFESSIONAL NURSING FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS |
100% CORRECT | GRADE A+
1. A patient with chronic kidney disease is prescribed a drug that is primarily excreted by the
kidneys. What pharmacokinetic change should the nurse anticipate?
A. Increased drug metabolism in the liver
B. Decreased duration of drug action
C. Decreased drug absorption in the GI tract
D. Increased risk of drug toxicity due to prolonged half-life
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Renal impairment reduces the excretion of drugs, leading to
accumulation in the body and a prolonged half-life, which significantly increases the risk of
toxicity.
,2. When administering Digoxin to a patient with heart failure, which electrolyte imbalance
most significantly increases the risk of digoxin toxicity?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypercalcemia
C. Hyponatremia
D. Hypokalemia
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Low serum potassium levels (hypokalemia) enhance the action
of digoxin at the myocardial cell level, increasing the risk of life-threatening toxicity.
3. A patient is receiving Vancomycin intravenously for an MRSA infection. Which clinical
manifestation should the nurse recognize as ‘Red Man Syndrome’?
A. Peripheral edema and hypertension
B. Petechiae and purpura on the lower extremities
C. Severe bronchospasm and laryngeal edema
D. Flushing, rash, and pruritus of the face, neck, and upper torso
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Red Man Syndrome is an infusion-related reaction characterized
by flushing and a maculopapular rash on the upper body, typically caused by rapid infusion
of Vancomycin.
, 4. Which medication is considered the first-line treatment for a patient experiencing an acute
asthma attack?
A. Salmeterol
B. Montelukast
C. Fluticasone
D. Albuterol
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Albuterol is a short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA) that provides
rapid bronchodilation, making it the drug of choice for acute symptoms.
5. A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a patient prescribed Warfarin. Which statement
by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
A. I will use a soft-bristled toothbrush to prevent gum bleeding.
B. I will report any dark, tarry stools to my healthcare provider.
C. I will increase my intake of spinach and kale to improve my health.
D. I will avoid taking aspirin unless directed by my doctor.
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Vitamin K is the antagonist for Warfarin. Increasing intake of
green leafy vegetables (rich in Vitamin K) can decrease the effectiveness of the medication.
