PSYC 2210 EXAM 2 VERIFIED STUDY GUIDE
random selection/sampling - Answers - sampling procedure designed to obtain a
random sample; designed to produce a sample of individuals that refelcts the broader
population
random assignment - Answers - a method for placing participants, once already
selected for a study, into the different conditions; every person volunteering for the
study has an equal chance of being placed in any of the conditions being formed
experimenter bias - Answers - a phenomenon that occurs when a researcher's
expectations or preferences about the outcome of a study influence the results obtained
deception - Answers - participants might not be told the complete details of a study at its
outset, or they might be mislead about some of the procedures or about the study's
purpose
Hawthorne effect - Answers - the tendency for performance to be affected because
people know they are being studied in an experiment
cross-sectional study - Answers - takes a between-subjects approach; comparing the
language performance of 3, 4 and 5 year old children would use three groups of
children
longitudinal study - Answers - takes a within-subjects or repeated measures approach in
which a single group of subjects is studied over time; the same language study would
measure language behavior in a group of 3 year olds and then study the same children
when they turned 4 and 5
construct - Answers - hypothetical factor that is not observed directly; its existence is
inferred from certain behaviors and assumed to follow from certain circumstances
independent variable - Answers - The experimental factor that is manipulated; the
variable whose effect is being studied.
manipulated independent variable - Answers - the one variable that is purposely
changed to test a hypothesis
dependent variable - Answers - The measurable effect, outcome, or response in which
the research is interested.
experimental group - Answers - the group in an experiment that receives the variable
being tested
random selection/sampling - Answers - sampling procedure designed to obtain a
random sample; designed to produce a sample of individuals that refelcts the broader
population
random assignment - Answers - a method for placing participants, once already
selected for a study, into the different conditions; every person volunteering for the
study has an equal chance of being placed in any of the conditions being formed
experimenter bias - Answers - a phenomenon that occurs when a researcher's
expectations or preferences about the outcome of a study influence the results obtained
deception - Answers - participants might not be told the complete details of a study at its
outset, or they might be mislead about some of the procedures or about the study's
purpose
Hawthorne effect - Answers - the tendency for performance to be affected because
people know they are being studied in an experiment
cross-sectional study - Answers - takes a between-subjects approach; comparing the
language performance of 3, 4 and 5 year old children would use three groups of
children
longitudinal study - Answers - takes a within-subjects or repeated measures approach in
which a single group of subjects is studied over time; the same language study would
measure language behavior in a group of 3 year olds and then study the same children
when they turned 4 and 5
construct - Answers - hypothetical factor that is not observed directly; its existence is
inferred from certain behaviors and assumed to follow from certain circumstances
independent variable - Answers - The experimental factor that is manipulated; the
variable whose effect is being studied.
manipulated independent variable - Answers - the one variable that is purposely
changed to test a hypothesis
dependent variable - Answers - The measurable effect, outcome, or response in which
the research is interested.
experimental group - Answers - the group in an experiment that receives the variable
being tested
