ATI Capstone Fundamentals Nursing Ultimate Final Exam-Style Practice
Question Bank —
Question 1
A nurse is assessing a client who reports dizziness when standing. Which finding
should the nurse recognize as orthostatic hypotension?
A. Blood pressure increases after standing
B. Blood pressure decreases after standing
C. Heart rate decreases when standing
D. Respiratory rate increases after eating
Answer: B. Blood pressure decreases after standing
Rationale: Orthostatic hypotension is a drop in blood pressure that occurs when
changing from lying or sitting to standing.
Question 2
A nurse is caring for a client who has dysphagia. Which intervention is
appropriate?
A. Place the client supine during meals
B. Encourage rapid swallowing
C. Position the client upright during meals
D. Offer large bites of food
Answer: C. Position the client upright during meals
Rationale: Upright positioning helps reduce aspiration risk during swallowing.
Question 3
,A nurse enters a client's room and finds the client on the floor. What should the
nurse do first?
A. Complete an incident report
B. Move the client back to bed
C. Assess the client for injury
D. Notify the family
Answer: C. Assess the client for injury
Rationale: The client's immediate condition and safety are the priority following a
fall.
Question 4
Which finding indicates that a client may be experiencing hypoxia?
A. Oxygen saturation of 98%
B. Restlessness and confusion
C. Warm, dry skin
D. Respiratory rate of 14/min
Answer: B. Restlessness and confusion
Rationale: Restlessness, anxiety, confusion, and changes in mental status can
occur with inadequate oxygenation.
Question 5
A nurse is administering oxygen through a nasal cannula. Which action is
appropriate?
A. Apply petroleum jelly inside the nares
B. Assess the client's skin around the ears and nares
C. Place the flowmeter below zero
D. Remove the oxygen during sleep
Answer: B. Assess the client's skin around the ears and nares
,Rationale: Oxygen tubing can cause pressure and skin irritation, so the nurse
should routinely assess vulnerable areas.
Question 6
A client receiving oxygen asks why smoking is prohibited. Which response is
appropriate?
A. "Smoking can increase the oxygen concentration in your blood."
B. "Oxygen supports combustion and can cause a fire."
C. "Smoking prevents oxygen from entering the lungs."
D. "Smoking causes the oxygen equipment to stop working."
Answer: B. Oxygen supports combustion and can cause a fire.
Rationale: Oxygen is not itself flammable, but it supports combustion and greatly
increases fire risk.
Question 7
A nurse is assessing a client's respiratory status. Which finding requires immediate
attention?
A. Respiratory rate of 16/min
B. Oxygen saturation of 97%
C. Use of accessory muscles
D. Clear bilateral breath sounds
Answer: C. Use of accessory muscles
Rationale: Accessory muscle use indicates increased work of breathing and
possible respiratory compromise.
Question 8
, A nurse is teaching a client how to use an incentive spirometer. Which instruction
is correct?
A. Exhale forcefully into the device
B. Inhale slowly and deeply through the mouthpiece
C. Use the device only once each day
D. Breathe rapidly through the mouthpiece
Answer: B. Inhale slowly and deeply through the mouthpiece
Rationale: Slow, deep inhalation helps expand the lungs and prevent atelectasis.
Question 9
Which position is generally appropriate for a client experiencing difficulty
breathing?
A. High-Fowler's
B. Flat supine
C. Trendelenburg
D. Prone
_Answer: A. High-Fowler's
Rationale: High-Fowler's position promotes lung expansion and can make
breathing easier.
Question 10
A nurse is caring for a client with a productive cough. Which intervention
promotes secretion clearance?
A. Encourage adequate fluid intake if not contraindicated
B. Restrict all oral fluids
C. Keep the client completely immobile
D. Suppress every productive cough
Answer: A. Encourage adequate fluid intake if not contraindicated
Question Bank —
Question 1
A nurse is assessing a client who reports dizziness when standing. Which finding
should the nurse recognize as orthostatic hypotension?
A. Blood pressure increases after standing
B. Blood pressure decreases after standing
C. Heart rate decreases when standing
D. Respiratory rate increases after eating
Answer: B. Blood pressure decreases after standing
Rationale: Orthostatic hypotension is a drop in blood pressure that occurs when
changing from lying or sitting to standing.
Question 2
A nurse is caring for a client who has dysphagia. Which intervention is
appropriate?
A. Place the client supine during meals
B. Encourage rapid swallowing
C. Position the client upright during meals
D. Offer large bites of food
Answer: C. Position the client upright during meals
Rationale: Upright positioning helps reduce aspiration risk during swallowing.
Question 3
,A nurse enters a client's room and finds the client on the floor. What should the
nurse do first?
A. Complete an incident report
B. Move the client back to bed
C. Assess the client for injury
D. Notify the family
Answer: C. Assess the client for injury
Rationale: The client's immediate condition and safety are the priority following a
fall.
Question 4
Which finding indicates that a client may be experiencing hypoxia?
A. Oxygen saturation of 98%
B. Restlessness and confusion
C. Warm, dry skin
D. Respiratory rate of 14/min
Answer: B. Restlessness and confusion
Rationale: Restlessness, anxiety, confusion, and changes in mental status can
occur with inadequate oxygenation.
Question 5
A nurse is administering oxygen through a nasal cannula. Which action is
appropriate?
A. Apply petroleum jelly inside the nares
B. Assess the client's skin around the ears and nares
C. Place the flowmeter below zero
D. Remove the oxygen during sleep
Answer: B. Assess the client's skin around the ears and nares
,Rationale: Oxygen tubing can cause pressure and skin irritation, so the nurse
should routinely assess vulnerable areas.
Question 6
A client receiving oxygen asks why smoking is prohibited. Which response is
appropriate?
A. "Smoking can increase the oxygen concentration in your blood."
B. "Oxygen supports combustion and can cause a fire."
C. "Smoking prevents oxygen from entering the lungs."
D. "Smoking causes the oxygen equipment to stop working."
Answer: B. Oxygen supports combustion and can cause a fire.
Rationale: Oxygen is not itself flammable, but it supports combustion and greatly
increases fire risk.
Question 7
A nurse is assessing a client's respiratory status. Which finding requires immediate
attention?
A. Respiratory rate of 16/min
B. Oxygen saturation of 97%
C. Use of accessory muscles
D. Clear bilateral breath sounds
Answer: C. Use of accessory muscles
Rationale: Accessory muscle use indicates increased work of breathing and
possible respiratory compromise.
Question 8
, A nurse is teaching a client how to use an incentive spirometer. Which instruction
is correct?
A. Exhale forcefully into the device
B. Inhale slowly and deeply through the mouthpiece
C. Use the device only once each day
D. Breathe rapidly through the mouthpiece
Answer: B. Inhale slowly and deeply through the mouthpiece
Rationale: Slow, deep inhalation helps expand the lungs and prevent atelectasis.
Question 9
Which position is generally appropriate for a client experiencing difficulty
breathing?
A. High-Fowler's
B. Flat supine
C. Trendelenburg
D. Prone
_Answer: A. High-Fowler's
Rationale: High-Fowler's position promotes lung expansion and can make
breathing easier.
Question 10
A nurse is caring for a client with a productive cough. Which intervention
promotes secretion clearance?
A. Encourage adequate fluid intake if not contraindicated
B. Restrict all oral fluids
C. Keep the client completely immobile
D. Suppress every productive cough
Answer: A. Encourage adequate fluid intake if not contraindicated
