PRIMARY CARE: THE ART AND
SCIENCE OF ADVANCED PRACTICE
NURSING — TEST BANK & STUDY
GUIDE
Total Questions: 300
Question 1
A nurse has conducted a literature review in an effort to identify the effect of handwashing on
the incidence of nosocomial infections in acute care settings. An article presented findings at a
level of significance of <0.01. This indicates that:
A) The control group and the experimental group were more than 99% similar.
B) The findings of the study have less than 1% chance of being attributable to chance.
C) The effects of the intervention were nearly zero.
D) The clinical significance of the findings was less than 1:100.
Answer
Answer: B
Rationale
The level of significance is the level at which the researcher believes that the study results most likely
represent a nonchance event. A level of significance of <0.01 indicates that there is less than 1%
probability that the result is due to chance.
Question 2
A nurse has read a qualitative research study in order to understand the lived experience of
parents who have a neonatal loss. Which of the following questions should the nurse prioritize
when appraising the results of this study?
A) How well did the authors capture the personal experiences of these parents?
B) How well did the authors control for confounding variables that may have affected the findings?
C) Did the authors use statistical measures that were appropriate to the phenomenon in question?
D) Were the instruments that the researchers used statistically valid and reliable?
,Answer
Answer: A
Rationale
Qualitative studies are judged on the basis of how well they capture and convey the subjective
experiences of individuals. Statistical measures and variables are not dimensions of a qualitative
methodology.
Question 3
A nurse has expressed skepticism to a colleague about the value of nursing research, claiming
that nursing research has little relevance to practice. How can the nurse's colleague best
defend the importance of nursing research?
A) The existence of nursing research means that nurses are now able to access federal grant money,
something that didn't use to be the case.
B) Nursing research has allowed the development of master's and doctoral programs and has greatly
increased the credibility of the profession.
C) The growth of nursing research has caused nursing to be viewed as a true profession, rather than
simply as a trade or a skill.
D) The application of nursing research has the potential to improve nursing practice and patient
outcomes.
Answer
Answer: D
Rationale
The greatest value of nursing research lies in the potential to improve practice and, ultimately, to
improve patient outcomes. This supersedes the contributions of nursing research to education
programs, grant funding, or the public view of the profession.
Question 4
A key goal of primary care is to:
A) Focus only on acute illness treatment
B) Provide fragmented specialty services
C) Deliver continuous, comprehensive care
D) Limit care to physician-led encounters
2
,Answer
Answer: C
Rationale
Primary care emphasizes continuity and comprehensive care across the lifespan. Fragmentation and
limited scope undermine quality, access, and patient outcomes.
Question 5
Which principle best reflects the "circle of caring" model?
A) Episodic treatment of illness
B) Task-oriented clinical encounters
C) Holistic, relationship-based care
D) Technology-driven decision-making
Answer
Answer: C
Rationale
The circle of caring centers on holistic, relational, and patient-focused care, not isolated tasks or
episodic treatment.
Question 6
A family nurse practitioner working with pharmacists and social workers demonstrates:
A) Independent practice
B) Interprofessional collaboration
C) Delegation of care
D) Parallel practice
Answer
Answer: B
Rationale
Interprofessional collaboration involves multiple disciplines working together to improve outcomes,
3
, unlike parallel or isolated practice.
Question 7
A 58-year-old patient with diabetes and hypertension benefits most from primary care because
it:
A) Eliminates need for specialists
B) Focuses only on medication refills
C) Coordinates chronic disease management
D) Prioritizes inpatient care
Answer
Answer: C
Rationale
Primary care coordinates long-term management, prevention, and monitoring of chronic conditions
across settings.
Question 8
Which role is central to advanced practice nurses in primary care?
A) Performing only delegated tasks
B) Providing episodic urgent care
C) Health promotion and disease prevention
D) Limiting patient education
Answer
Answer: C
Rationale
Advanced practice nurses in primary care are central to health promotion and disease prevention, not
limited to delegated tasks or episodic urgent care.
Question 9
4
SCIENCE OF ADVANCED PRACTICE
NURSING — TEST BANK & STUDY
GUIDE
Total Questions: 300
Question 1
A nurse has conducted a literature review in an effort to identify the effect of handwashing on
the incidence of nosocomial infections in acute care settings. An article presented findings at a
level of significance of <0.01. This indicates that:
A) The control group and the experimental group were more than 99% similar.
B) The findings of the study have less than 1% chance of being attributable to chance.
C) The effects of the intervention were nearly zero.
D) The clinical significance of the findings was less than 1:100.
Answer
Answer: B
Rationale
The level of significance is the level at which the researcher believes that the study results most likely
represent a nonchance event. A level of significance of <0.01 indicates that there is less than 1%
probability that the result is due to chance.
Question 2
A nurse has read a qualitative research study in order to understand the lived experience of
parents who have a neonatal loss. Which of the following questions should the nurse prioritize
when appraising the results of this study?
A) How well did the authors capture the personal experiences of these parents?
B) How well did the authors control for confounding variables that may have affected the findings?
C) Did the authors use statistical measures that were appropriate to the phenomenon in question?
D) Were the instruments that the researchers used statistically valid and reliable?
,Answer
Answer: A
Rationale
Qualitative studies are judged on the basis of how well they capture and convey the subjective
experiences of individuals. Statistical measures and variables are not dimensions of a qualitative
methodology.
Question 3
A nurse has expressed skepticism to a colleague about the value of nursing research, claiming
that nursing research has little relevance to practice. How can the nurse's colleague best
defend the importance of nursing research?
A) The existence of nursing research means that nurses are now able to access federal grant money,
something that didn't use to be the case.
B) Nursing research has allowed the development of master's and doctoral programs and has greatly
increased the credibility of the profession.
C) The growth of nursing research has caused nursing to be viewed as a true profession, rather than
simply as a trade or a skill.
D) The application of nursing research has the potential to improve nursing practice and patient
outcomes.
Answer
Answer: D
Rationale
The greatest value of nursing research lies in the potential to improve practice and, ultimately, to
improve patient outcomes. This supersedes the contributions of nursing research to education
programs, grant funding, or the public view of the profession.
Question 4
A key goal of primary care is to:
A) Focus only on acute illness treatment
B) Provide fragmented specialty services
C) Deliver continuous, comprehensive care
D) Limit care to physician-led encounters
2
,Answer
Answer: C
Rationale
Primary care emphasizes continuity and comprehensive care across the lifespan. Fragmentation and
limited scope undermine quality, access, and patient outcomes.
Question 5
Which principle best reflects the "circle of caring" model?
A) Episodic treatment of illness
B) Task-oriented clinical encounters
C) Holistic, relationship-based care
D) Technology-driven decision-making
Answer
Answer: C
Rationale
The circle of caring centers on holistic, relational, and patient-focused care, not isolated tasks or
episodic treatment.
Question 6
A family nurse practitioner working with pharmacists and social workers demonstrates:
A) Independent practice
B) Interprofessional collaboration
C) Delegation of care
D) Parallel practice
Answer
Answer: B
Rationale
Interprofessional collaboration involves multiple disciplines working together to improve outcomes,
3
, unlike parallel or isolated practice.
Question 7
A 58-year-old patient with diabetes and hypertension benefits most from primary care because
it:
A) Eliminates need for specialists
B) Focuses only on medication refills
C) Coordinates chronic disease management
D) Prioritizes inpatient care
Answer
Answer: C
Rationale
Primary care coordinates long-term management, prevention, and monitoring of chronic conditions
across settings.
Question 8
Which role is central to advanced practice nurses in primary care?
A) Performing only delegated tasks
B) Providing episodic urgent care
C) Health promotion and disease prevention
D) Limiting patient education
Answer
Answer: C
Rationale
Advanced practice nurses in primary care are central to health promotion and disease prevention, not
limited to delegated tasks or episodic urgent care.
Question 9
4
