Test Bank for Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and
Function 10th Edition — New Release By Kenneth S. Saladin
Print ISBN-10: 1265328625 Print ISBN-13: 9781265328627
eText ISBN-13: 9781266063213 Publisher: McGraw Hill Edition:
10th Edition (2024 Rele
Part I: Levels of Organization
1. Which of the following is the correct sequence of levels of structural
organization from simplest to most complex?
A. Organ, Tissue, Cell, Organism
B. Chemical, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism
C. Cellular, Chemical, Organ, Tissue, Organism
D. Tissue, Cellular, Organ System, Organ, Organism
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The standard sequence of structural organization is: Chemical
(atoms/molecules), Cellular, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, and finally, the
Organism. Option B follows this correct hierarchical order.
2. The study of the function of the human body is known as:
A. Anatomy
B. Histology
C. Physiology
D. Embryology
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Anatomy is the study of structure, while physiology is the study of
function. Histology is the study of tissues, and embryology is the study of
development.
3. Which of the following is NOT one of the major characteristics of life?
A. Metabolism
B. Responsiveness
,C. Immortality
D. Reproduction
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The major characteristics of life include organization, metabolism,
responsiveness, movement, development, growth, and reproduction. Immortality
is not a characteristic of individual living organisms.
4. In a negative feedback loop, the response of the effector:
A. Amplifies the initial stimulus.
B. Moves the variable in the opposite direction of the initial change.
C. Has no effect on the initial stimulus.
D. Is always harmful to the body.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Negative feedback is a regulatory mechanism in which a change in
a variable triggers a response that reverses the initial change, thereby maintaining
homeostasis. It moves the variable back toward its set point.
5. Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback loop?
A. Regulation of body temperature
B. Regulation of blood glucose levels
C. Childbirth (uterine contractions)
D. Regulation of blood pressure
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Positive feedback loops amplify the initial stimulus. In childbirth,
uterine contractions stimulate the release of oxytocin, which causes stronger
contractions, amplifying the process until delivery occurs.
6. The term that describes a body part being closer to the point of attachment to
the trunk is:
A. Distal
B. Proximal
,C. Lateral
D. Medial
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Proximal means closer to the point of origin or attachment to the
trunk. Distal means farther from it. Medial means toward the midline, and lateral
means away from the midline.
7. Which of the following is the correct description of the anatomical position?
A. Lying face down
B. Standing erect, feet flat, arms at sides, palms facing forward
C. Standing erect, feet apart, arms crossed
D. Lying face up
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The anatomical position is a standard reference point in which the
body is standing erect, feet flat on the floor, arms at the sides, and palms facing
forward.
8. The sum of all chemical reactions in the body is called:
A. Catabolism
B. Anabolism
C. Metabolism
D. Homeostasis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Metabolism encompasses all chemical reactions in the body,
including both catabolism (breakdown) and anabolism (synthesis).
9. Which of the following is a polysaccharide?
A. Glucose
B. Sucrose
C. Glycogen
D. Fructose
, Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Glycogen is a polysaccharide, a large polymer of glucose units used
for energy storage in animals. Glucose and fructose are monosaccharides, and
sucrose is a disaccharide.
10. A solution with a pH of 3 is considered:
A. Neutral
B. Basic
C. Acidic
D. Alkaline
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is neutral. A pH below 7
is acidic, and a pH above 7 is basic (alkaline). Therefore, a pH of 3 is acidic.
11. Which type of bond is formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms?
A. Ionic bond
B. Covalent bond
C. Hydrogen bond
D. Van der Waals force
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A covalent bond is formed when two atoms share one or more
pairs of electrons. Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons. Hydrogen bonds
are weak attractions between polar molecules.
12. The organelle responsible for producing most of the cell's ATP is the:
A. Ribosome
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Mitochondrion
D. Lysosome
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mitochondria are often called the "powerhouses" of the cell
Function 10th Edition — New Release By Kenneth S. Saladin
Print ISBN-10: 1265328625 Print ISBN-13: 9781265328627
eText ISBN-13: 9781266063213 Publisher: McGraw Hill Edition:
10th Edition (2024 Rele
Part I: Levels of Organization
1. Which of the following is the correct sequence of levels of structural
organization from simplest to most complex?
A. Organ, Tissue, Cell, Organism
B. Chemical, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism
C. Cellular, Chemical, Organ, Tissue, Organism
D. Tissue, Cellular, Organ System, Organ, Organism
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The standard sequence of structural organization is: Chemical
(atoms/molecules), Cellular, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, and finally, the
Organism. Option B follows this correct hierarchical order.
2. The study of the function of the human body is known as:
A. Anatomy
B. Histology
C. Physiology
D. Embryology
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Anatomy is the study of structure, while physiology is the study of
function. Histology is the study of tissues, and embryology is the study of
development.
3. Which of the following is NOT one of the major characteristics of life?
A. Metabolism
B. Responsiveness
,C. Immortality
D. Reproduction
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The major characteristics of life include organization, metabolism,
responsiveness, movement, development, growth, and reproduction. Immortality
is not a characteristic of individual living organisms.
4. In a negative feedback loop, the response of the effector:
A. Amplifies the initial stimulus.
B. Moves the variable in the opposite direction of the initial change.
C. Has no effect on the initial stimulus.
D. Is always harmful to the body.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Negative feedback is a regulatory mechanism in which a change in
a variable triggers a response that reverses the initial change, thereby maintaining
homeostasis. It moves the variable back toward its set point.
5. Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback loop?
A. Regulation of body temperature
B. Regulation of blood glucose levels
C. Childbirth (uterine contractions)
D. Regulation of blood pressure
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Positive feedback loops amplify the initial stimulus. In childbirth,
uterine contractions stimulate the release of oxytocin, which causes stronger
contractions, amplifying the process until delivery occurs.
6. The term that describes a body part being closer to the point of attachment to
the trunk is:
A. Distal
B. Proximal
,C. Lateral
D. Medial
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Proximal means closer to the point of origin or attachment to the
trunk. Distal means farther from it. Medial means toward the midline, and lateral
means away from the midline.
7. Which of the following is the correct description of the anatomical position?
A. Lying face down
B. Standing erect, feet flat, arms at sides, palms facing forward
C. Standing erect, feet apart, arms crossed
D. Lying face up
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The anatomical position is a standard reference point in which the
body is standing erect, feet flat on the floor, arms at the sides, and palms facing
forward.
8. The sum of all chemical reactions in the body is called:
A. Catabolism
B. Anabolism
C. Metabolism
D. Homeostasis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Metabolism encompasses all chemical reactions in the body,
including both catabolism (breakdown) and anabolism (synthesis).
9. Which of the following is a polysaccharide?
A. Glucose
B. Sucrose
C. Glycogen
D. Fructose
, Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Glycogen is a polysaccharide, a large polymer of glucose units used
for energy storage in animals. Glucose and fructose are monosaccharides, and
sucrose is a disaccharide.
10. A solution with a pH of 3 is considered:
A. Neutral
B. Basic
C. Acidic
D. Alkaline
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is neutral. A pH below 7
is acidic, and a pH above 7 is basic (alkaline). Therefore, a pH of 3 is acidic.
11. Which type of bond is formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms?
A. Ionic bond
B. Covalent bond
C. Hydrogen bond
D. Van der Waals force
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A covalent bond is formed when two atoms share one or more
pairs of electrons. Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons. Hydrogen bonds
are weak attractions between polar molecules.
12. The organelle responsible for producing most of the cell's ATP is the:
A. Ribosome
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Mitochondrion
D. Lysosome
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mitochondria are often called the "powerhouses" of the cell
