Introductory Medical Surgical Nursing Final Paper With Complete Questions And Answers

INTRODUCTORY MEDICAL SURGICAL
NURSING FINAL PAPER WITH COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS


◉ **substances which don't easily pass through cell and tissue
membranes (ex.).
Answer: colloids (large sized substances i.e. serum proteins albumin,
globulin, fibrinogen and blood cells)


◉ **colloidal osmotic pressure -.
Answer: contribute to fluid concentration and act as a force for
attracting water


◉ **filtration -.
Answer: promoted movement of fluid and some dissolved
substances through a semipermeable membrane according to
pressure differences


◉ **passive diffusion -.
Answer: dissolved substances (e.g. electrolytes) move from an area
of high concentration to an area of lower concentration through a
semipermeable membrane

, ◉ **facilitated diffusion -.
Answer: dissolved substances requires assistance from a carrier
molecule to pass through a semipermeable membrane (e.g. insulin
facilitates distribution of glucose molecules inside cells)


◉ **active transport -.
Answer: requires an energy source (ATP) from low concentration to
high


◉ **sodium-potassium pump....
Answer: moves potassium into the cell and sodium out of the cell


◉ **osmoreceptors -.
Answer: specialized neurons that sense the serum osmolality


◉ **Baroreceptors.
Answer: are stretch receptors in the aortic arch and carotid sinus
that signal the brain to release AHD


◉ * *renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system -.
Answer: increases both BP and blood volume


◉ hypovolemia vs. dehydration.