NSG 430 Exam 2 – Questions & Correct Answers
Add to calendar
Play your way to mastery with fun games
Match Blocks Charms NEW
Practice questions for this set
Learn 1 /7 Study with Learn
Fever, chills, night sweats, fatigue, new murmur, petechiae, splinter hemorrhages,
Osler nodes, Janeway lesions.
Choose an answer
1 ADHF 2 HFrEF ejection fraction
3 Flank pain and hematuria 4 Signs of infective endocarditis
, Don't know?
Terms in this set (193)
ADHF Acute worsening of heart failure where the heart
cannot pump effectively, causing fluid overload,
pulmonary edema, low cardiac output, and poor
perfusion.
Common triggers of ADHF MI, ischemia, dysrhythmias, infection, uncontrolled
hypertension, excess sodium/fluid, medication
nonadherence, kidney failure, or valvular disease.
ADHF pathophysiology Heart pump weakens, cardiac output drops, SNS and
RAAS activate, sodium and water are retained,
preload/afterload increase, and heart failure worsens.
Signs of left-sided heart failure Dyspnea, orthopnea, PND, crackles, cough,
pulmonary edema, fatigue, hypoxia, pink frothy
sputum.
Orthopnea Difficulty breathing when lying flat; often seen in left-
sided heart failure.
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea Waking up suddenly at night gasping for air; common
in left-sided heart failure.
Signs of right-sided heart failure JVD, peripheral edema, ascites, hepatomegaly, weight
gain, anorexia, nausea.
LEFT heart failure memory trick LEFT = LUNGS.
RIGHT heart failure memory trick RIGHT = REST OF BODY.
, HFrEF Systolic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction;
the heart cannot squeeze effectively.
HFpEF Diastolic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction;
the heart cannot relax and fill properly.
Normal ejection fraction About 55% to 70%.
HFrEF ejection fraction Usually less than 40%.
Acute pulmonary edema Fluid enters alveoli, causing severe gas exchange
problems and respiratory distress.
Signs of acute pulmonary edema Severe dyspnea, crackles, hypoxia, restlessness,
cyanosis, tachycardia, pink frothy sputum.
Priority intervention for pulmonary Place the client in high Fowler's position and give
edema oxygen.
Loop diuretics Medications such as furosemide that remove excess
fluid.
Furosemide nursing considerations Monitor potassium, BP, urine output, daily weight,
kidney function, and dehydration.
ACE inhibitors Medications that decrease afterload, lower BP, and
reduce cardiac remodeling.
ACE inhibitor examples Lisinopril and captopril.
ACE inhibitor side effects Hypotension, hyperkalemia, cough, angioedema.
Beta blockers Decrease heart rate and myocardial workload.
Add to calendar
Play your way to mastery with fun games
Match Blocks Charms NEW
Practice questions for this set
Learn 1 /7 Study with Learn
Fever, chills, night sweats, fatigue, new murmur, petechiae, splinter hemorrhages,
Osler nodes, Janeway lesions.
Choose an answer
1 ADHF 2 HFrEF ejection fraction
3 Flank pain and hematuria 4 Signs of infective endocarditis
, Don't know?
Terms in this set (193)
ADHF Acute worsening of heart failure where the heart
cannot pump effectively, causing fluid overload,
pulmonary edema, low cardiac output, and poor
perfusion.
Common triggers of ADHF MI, ischemia, dysrhythmias, infection, uncontrolled
hypertension, excess sodium/fluid, medication
nonadherence, kidney failure, or valvular disease.
ADHF pathophysiology Heart pump weakens, cardiac output drops, SNS and
RAAS activate, sodium and water are retained,
preload/afterload increase, and heart failure worsens.
Signs of left-sided heart failure Dyspnea, orthopnea, PND, crackles, cough,
pulmonary edema, fatigue, hypoxia, pink frothy
sputum.
Orthopnea Difficulty breathing when lying flat; often seen in left-
sided heart failure.
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea Waking up suddenly at night gasping for air; common
in left-sided heart failure.
Signs of right-sided heart failure JVD, peripheral edema, ascites, hepatomegaly, weight
gain, anorexia, nausea.
LEFT heart failure memory trick LEFT = LUNGS.
RIGHT heart failure memory trick RIGHT = REST OF BODY.
, HFrEF Systolic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction;
the heart cannot squeeze effectively.
HFpEF Diastolic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction;
the heart cannot relax and fill properly.
Normal ejection fraction About 55% to 70%.
HFrEF ejection fraction Usually less than 40%.
Acute pulmonary edema Fluid enters alveoli, causing severe gas exchange
problems and respiratory distress.
Signs of acute pulmonary edema Severe dyspnea, crackles, hypoxia, restlessness,
cyanosis, tachycardia, pink frothy sputum.
Priority intervention for pulmonary Place the client in high Fowler's position and give
edema oxygen.
Loop diuretics Medications such as furosemide that remove excess
fluid.
Furosemide nursing considerations Monitor potassium, BP, urine output, daily weight,
kidney function, and dehydration.
ACE inhibitors Medications that decrease afterload, lower BP, and
reduce cardiac remodeling.
ACE inhibitor examples Lisinopril and captopril.
ACE inhibitor side effects Hypotension, hyperkalemia, cough, angioedema.
Beta blockers Decrease heart rate and myocardial workload.
